Non-Verbal Communication

Non-Verbal Communication

Communications

Robert Farrell

Communications

Robert Farrell

ContentsContents

Appearance Facial Expressions Eye Contact Gesture Posture Territory Orientation Physical Contact

Appearance Facial Expressions Eye Contact Gesture Posture Territory Orientation Physical Contact

ParalanguageSilenceEnvironmentTimeMusic, SoundsSmellDance, ArtSigns, Codes

NVCNVC

Key part of: Interview, Presentation, Group discussion.

Key part of: Interview, Presentation, Group discussion.

Non-Verbal Communications (NVC)Non-Verbal Communications (NVC)

NVC: Communicate without words

(80%). Gestures, appearance etc. Same words, different

meanings. Learned by interaction. NLP. Body Mimicry Thin Slices literature.

NVC: Communicate without words

(80%). Gestures, appearance etc. Same words, different

meanings. Learned by interaction. NLP. Body Mimicry Thin Slices literature.

Verbal Communication:What we say.

Non-Verbal Communications (NVC)Non-Verbal Communications (NVC)

Non-Verbal Communications (NVC)Non-Verbal Communications (NVC)

Ambiguous: Depending on sender/receiver. Depending on culture. Ok (finger) means zero in France.

Many are Unconscious: Waving hands facial gestures. Depends on emotional state.

Unaware: We are less aware than verbal. Can learn to observe & control.

Ambiguous: Depending on sender/receiver. Depending on culture. Ok (finger) means zero in France.

Many are Unconscious: Waving hands facial gestures. Depends on emotional state.

Unaware: We are less aware than verbal. Can learn to observe & control.

Non-Verbal Communications (NVC)Non-Verbal Communications (NVC)

Supports speech: Emphasis emotion, excitement, sympathy etc. Hand gestures, tone, pacing.

First Impressions count: Dress, handshake. Shapes perceptions.

Shows true feelings: “I'm listening” (As they continue what they are doing). Place a watch face down on desk. Turn to face a person.

Supports speech: Emphasis emotion, excitement, sympathy etc. Hand gestures, tone, pacing.

First Impressions count: Dress, handshake. Shapes perceptions.

Shows true feelings: “I'm listening” (As they continue what they are doing). Place a watch face down on desk. Turn to face a person.

AppearanceAppearance

Expression of our preferences. Subject to stereotype.

Example: Personality (Extravert/ Introvert). Music preference (Goth, metal, hip hop). Status (Watch, shoes). Employment type (Blazer & shirt). Nationality (National attire). Club memberships (Jersey).

Expression of our preferences. Subject to stereotype.

Example: Personality (Extravert/ Introvert). Music preference (Goth, metal, hip hop). Status (Watch, shoes). Employment type (Blazer & shirt). Nationality (National attire). Club memberships (Jersey).

AppearanceAppearance

Expression of our preferences. Subject to stereotype.

Example: Personality (Extravert/ Introvert). Music preference (Goth, metal, hip hop). Status (Watch, shoes). Employment type (Blazer & shirt). Nationality (National attire). Club memberships (Jersey).

Expression of our preferences. Subject to stereotype.

Example: Personality (Extravert/ Introvert). Music preference (Goth, metal, hip hop). Status (Watch, shoes). Employment type (Blazer & shirt). Nationality (National attire). Club memberships (Jersey).

AppearanceAppearance

Consider others perceptions: T-shirt to a job interview. Jeans at the gym. Over formal = out of place. We respond well to well dressed people.

Consider others perceptions: T-shirt to a job interview. Jeans at the gym. Over formal = out of place. We respond well to well dressed people.

AppearanceAppearance

Reasons for signals: For comfort. They are fashionable. To attract attention. To fit in with the crowd. To be cool. To remain traditional. To be modern.

Reasons for signals: For comfort. They are fashionable. To attract attention. To fit in with the crowd. To be cool. To remain traditional. To be modern.

AppearanceAppearance

Examples of signals: Men with long hair. Men with very short hair. Men with a beard. A female with a shaved head. Dreadlocks. Dyed red hair.

Examples of signals: Men with long hair. Men with very short hair. Men with a beard. A female with a shaved head. Dreadlocks. Dyed red hair.

Facial ExpressionsFacial Expressions

Main source of NVC. Highly visible. Highly reactive. Examples: Smiling, frowning. Not conveyed in email or text messages.

Micro Expressions Video

Main source of NVC. Highly visible. Highly reactive. Examples: Smiling, frowning. Not conveyed in email or text messages.

Micro Expressions Video

Facial ExpressionsFacial Expressions

7 main facial expressions: 7 main facial expressions:

Happiness

Surprise

Fear

Contempt

Disgust

Anger

Sadness

Non-Verbal Communications (NVC)Non-Verbal Communications (NVC)

Facial ExpressionsFacial Expressions

2 main parts: 2 main parts:

Mouth:•Smiles,•Sneers,•Pouts,•Grins,

•Opens widely,•Shuts tightly

Eyes:•Smile in the eyes.

•Liars look down & avoid eye contact.

•Memory: Look up.

ActivityActivity What are they conveying? What are they conveying?

Eye ContactEye Contact

Eye contact when speaking. Show we are listening.

Czech republic: Avoidance signals distrust or lack of confidence.

Asia: Eye contact considered rude.

Eye contact when speaking. Show we are listening.

Czech republic: Avoidance signals distrust or lack of confidence.

Asia: Eye contact considered rude.

Eye ContactEye Contact

Eye contact shows our:

Attitudes: Eye contact shows interest, connection etc.

Attraction: Pupils dilate.

Personality: Confident extroverts make frequent eye contact.

Emotions: Breaking contact shows annoyance, lack of interest, hiding etc.

Eye contact shows our:

Attitudes: Eye contact shows interest, connection etc.

Attraction: Pupils dilate.

Personality: Confident extroverts make frequent eye contact.

Emotions: Breaking contact shows annoyance, lack of interest, hiding etc.

GesturesGestures

Made with body: Hands, shoulders, legs, face.

Some are conscious. Add them in presentations.

Activity: How would you show:

OK, Come on, Drink, No, Peace.

Made with body: Hands, shoulders, legs, face.

Some are conscious. Add them in presentations.

Activity: How would you show:

OK, Come on, Drink, No, Peace.

PosturePosture

How we: Stand, Sit, Walk, Move. Soldiers stand to attention: sign of respect. Sit upright & don’t slouch at interview.

How we: Stand, Sit, Walk, Move. Soldiers stand to attention: sign of respect. Sit upright & don’t slouch at interview.

PosturePosture

Mood: Posture: Victory/defensive Arms & legs crossed. Defensive Crossed, fist clenched, teeth grinding. Boredom Fidgeting, avoid eye contact. Interest Sit up straight, eye contact, nodding. Nervous Avoid eyes, slow to respond. Confidence Relaxed, hands/elbows on table.

Mood: Posture: Victory/defensive Arms & legs crossed. Defensive Crossed, fist clenched, teeth grinding. Boredom Fidgeting, avoid eye contact. Interest Sit up straight, eye contact, nodding. Nervous Avoid eyes, slow to respond. Confidence Relaxed, hands/elbows on table.

Non-Verbal Communications (NVC)Non-Verbal Communications (NVC)

TerritoryTerritory

Our personal space, home or loved one. Student/employee nesting habit.

Tribal/national territory: Flags, border control, clothing.

Family Territory: Home, bedroom, garden.

Personal Territory: Personal space (1mtr)

Our personal space, home or loved one. Student/employee nesting habit.

Tribal/national territory: Flags, border control, clothing.

Family Territory: Home, bedroom, garden.

Personal Territory: Personal space (1mtr)

TerritoryTerritory

TerritoryTerritory

OrientationOrientation

How we position ourselves.

Sit face to face: Shows interest or adversarial. Side by side: Discussion, co-operation. At right angle: Discussion, problem solving.

How would you feel if a stranger walked up to you from: Front, Behind, Side ???

How we position ourselves.

Sit face to face: Shows interest or adversarial. Side by side: Discussion, co-operation. At right angle: Discussion, problem solving.

How would you feel if a stranger walked up to you from: Front, Behind, Side ???

Physical ContactPhysical Contact

Good for us: Satisfy emotional needs. Increases our sense of self worth. Communicates love.

Four Types: Functional: Handshake with a doctor. Ritual: Handshake, slap, high five. (Friends) Playful/Supportive: Touch arm, pat on back.

(Sympathy) Intimate: Kiss, close hug. (Parents or

lovers)

Good for us: Satisfy emotional needs. Increases our sense of self worth. Communicates love.

Four Types: Functional: Handshake with a doctor. Ritual: Handshake, slap, high five. (Friends) Playful/Supportive: Touch arm, pat on back.

(Sympathy) Intimate: Kiss, close hug. (Parents or

lovers)

Non-Verbal Communications (NVC)Non-Verbal Communications (NVC)

•Top.

•Bottom.

•Equal.

•Wet fish

ParalanguageParalanguage

Communicate with voice. Say more than words. Convey emotion.

Communicate with voice. Say more than words. Convey emotion.

Pitch

Speed Rhythm Tone Accent

EmphasisVolume

SilenceSilence

Can be uncomfortable for strangers. Comfortable in close relationships. Used in negotiation. Can mean:

Affection. Reverence. Attention. Hesitation. Embarrassment. Hostility. Disapproval.

Can be uncomfortable for strangers. Comfortable in close relationships. Used in negotiation. Can mean:

Affection. Reverence. Attention. Hesitation. Embarrassment. Hostility. Disapproval.

EnvironmentEnvironment

Environment effects how we feel & perceive. What are the characteristics of a nice hotel? Bright interior Mercedes. McDonalds build for speed not comfort. Feng shui: arrange furniture to feel good.

Environment effects how we feel & perceive. What are the characteristics of a nice hotel? Bright interior Mercedes. McDonalds build for speed not comfort. Feng shui: arrange furniture to feel good.

TimeTime

Communicates how importance someone is. Allocate more time to important people. Less important people maybe kept waiting. Common in business.

Communicates how importance someone is. Allocate more time to important people. Less important people maybe kept waiting. Common in business.

Music & SoundMusic & Sound

Alters moods. How do you feel listening to:

Rock. Pop. RnB. Dance. Punk. Classical.

Sounds: Car horns, whistle, bells, drum, war call, priest chant.

Alters moods. How do you feel listening to:

Rock. Pop. RnB. Dance. Punk. Classical.

Sounds: Car horns, whistle, bells, drum, war call, priest chant.

OtherOther Smell:

How do you feel when you smell: Good food. Nice perfume on a man/women.

Dance: Artistic expression. Tribal, River dance, Mating, Fun.

Art: Representation/Expression . Can stir emotion. Painting, Drawing, Sculptur.

Code: Morse, Semaphore, smoke signal, road signs, binary, java.

Smell: How do you feel when you smell:

Good food. Nice perfume on a man/women.

Dance: Artistic expression. Tribal, River dance, Mating, Fun.

Art: Representation/Expression . Can stir emotion. Painting, Drawing, Sculptur.

Code: Morse, Semaphore, smoke signal, road signs, binary, java.

Chapter ReviewChapter Review Give a brief explanation & example of:

1. Eye contact.2. Face to face communications.3. Facial expressions.4. Gestures.5. Personal space.

Video

Give a brief explanation & example of:1. Eye contact.2. Face to face communications.3. Facial expressions.4. Gestures.5. Personal space.

Video

SummarySummary

Appearance Facial Expressions Eye Contact Gesture Posture Territory Orientation Physical Contact

Appearance Facial Expressions Eye Contact Gesture Posture Territory Orientation Physical Contact

ParalanguageSilenceEnvironmentTimeMusic, SoundsSmellDance, ArtSigns, Codes