What Edgar Dale’sCone of Experience

IS and is NOT

Presented By Nikki (MacInnes) WhiteTech 573 Multimedia for Instruction

UTK

1946, 1st Edition of Audiovisual Methods in Teaching

1954, 2nd Edition of Audiovisual Methods in Teaching

1969, 3rd Edition of Audiovisual Methods in Teaching

Edgar Dale

The Authentic Cone

“The Cone of Experience is a visual model, a pictorial device that may help you to think critically about the ways in which concepts are developed. Indeed, you may now be able to apply your ideas about the relationships of interesting, meaningful experiences and abstract, highly symbolic representations.”

From Dale, 1969, p. 134

“[Do] not mistake the Cone device for an exact rank-order of learning processes. You will understand that the Cone classifies instructional messages only in terms of greater or lesser concreteness and abstractness.”

From Dale, 1969, p. 128

Abstract

Concrete

What are the eleven categories of The Cone of Experience and what are

some examples?

Verbal SymbolsVerbal Symbols

Visual SymbolsVisual Symbols

Recordings RadioStill Pictures

Recordings RadioStill Pictures

Motion PicturesMotion Pictures

Educational TelevisionEducational Television

ExhibitsExhibits

Study TripsStudy Trips

DemonstrationsDemonstrations

Dramatized ExperiencesDramatized Experiences

Contrived ExperiencesContrived Experiences

Direct Purposeful Experiences

Direct Purposeful Experiences

“Instructional materials at all levels of the Cone can help us to extend the web of relationships that our concepts involve. Even the most advanced student, therefore, can deepen his understanding of concepts and his enjoyment of life by participating in experiences all along our Cone. … the Cone of Experience stands for activities that are available, in varying degrees.”

From Dale, 1969, p. 132

The cone does NOT include statistics, percentages, or numerical

representations.

BEWARE of Misinformation.

#1. Computer Strategies, LLChttp://www.compstrategies.com/staffdevelopment/4cueadlearn/sld002.htm

10/25/1999

San Leandro, California

Reference: Wiman and Meirhenry, 1960.

#4. Office for Distributed & Distance Learning, FSU http://www.fsu.edu/~ids/fac2002/Edgar%20Dale.htm

Lower levels of the cone involve the student as a participant and encourage active learning.

Lower levels include more stimuli and are richer with regard to natural feedback - the consequences of an action.

Higher levels compress information and provide more data faster for those able to process it.

Pictures are remembered (recalled) better than verbal propositions.

Pictures aid in recalling information that has been associated with them

Upper levels of the cone need more instructional support than lower levels.

#6. Oakland Unified School District Technology Learning Center

http://tlc.ousd.k12.ca.us/tlc/sitetech/agendas/documents_81202/Dale's%20Cone.pdf

#13. Why Use Active Learning?http://www.acu.edu/cte/activelearning/whyuseal2.htm

Brought to you by the Active Learning Online team at

the ACU Adams Center for Teaching Excellence

ACU Box 29201 Abilene, TX 79699-9201

Rather, The Cone of Experience is a Guide to incorporating multimedia into the learning

experience.

Remember…It is not a steadfast, perfectly constructed data set.