Natural phenomena

• Past simple vs. past perfect

• disasters

• What’s the weather like today? Present perfect vs. Past tense

• The universe the new past simple verbs

Lesson1 Natural

wonders

Lesson 2It has never

rained cats and dogs

Lesson 4I saw something

I had never experienced

before

Lesson 3disasters

Lesson 1 Natural wonders

Read and translate these words. Check the meaning in the glossary.

the Sun the moon the Earth a partial eclipse a shadow an orbit a total eclipse

Study this sentences. Complete the explanation below.

The moon passes directly between the Sun and the Earth.We use … before words where there is only one around us. a. the b. the

Read and complete the sentences with the Moon, Sun and the Earth. Then listen, check and repeat.

a. In a solar eclipse, … passes directly between … and … .

b. in a lunar eclipse, … passes into … ‘s shadow.

Read the text and answer the questions.

1. What did people think an eclipse was in ancient times?2. What did the ancient Chinese believe a solar eclipse was?3. What did they do to save the Sun?4. Why were the two brothers His and Ho killed?5. How were they killed?6. What did the Jamaicans refuse to do?7. Did Columbus know there was going to be an eclipse?8. Hoe did the Sun and Moon feel in the Amazonian myth?9. How did the Sun and Moon do to the earth?10. What did the gods decide?

Find the Past simple of these verbs in the text:

• Think/ believe/ set off/ bang/ can/ save/ chop off/ decide/ refuse/ dry/ flood/ know.

In pairs, say what you think. What did people in the past believe about … ?

- The shape of the Earth- Eclipses- The importance of the Sun- The reason for the Moon- The importance of the gods- The reason for natural disasters.

Write 5 sentences about something you discussed. Begin like this:

• In the past people thought … .• They probably thought … .• They didn’t know … .• They decided that … .• They could not … .

Remember

The moon The sun are in the universe.The Earth

Lesson 2it has never rained cats

and dogs

Discuss.

What do you think?1. Why do British people often talk about the weather?2. What does this expression mean a, b or c? it is raining cats and dogs. a. it is raining a lot. B. it is raining a little. C. it is not raining at all.

Look and match.

Deep snow bright sun dark clouds heavy rain a mini tornado a strong wind a clear sky thick fog

Deep snow

Bright sun

Dark clouds

Heavy rain

a mini tornado

a strong wind

a clear sky

Thick clouds

Thick fog

In pains, answer the questions.

1. What was the weather like yesterday?

2. What is the weather like today?3. What will the weather be like

tomorrow?

Read the explanation. What do you think happened?

How could this happen?Nobody is sure. Perhaps this unusual rain comes with mini tornados. They might pass over water. And pick ip object on their way.

Study the sentences. Then choose a or b in the explanations.

• It was rained frogs in Scotland.• Mrs. Kern saw hundreds of frogs on her car.

1. … is often used to announce news. a. the present perfect b. the past simple2. … is used to give details. a. the present perfect b. the past simple

Remember

• It has rained fish. 9news headline)• They picked up 4 kgs of fish (news in detail)

Lesson 3Disasters

Match the words to their definitions.

1. A hurricane is … a. a huge tidal wave.2. A flood is … b. dry weather with no rain.3. An earthquake is … c. a storm with strong wind.4. A heat wave is … d. heavy snow with strong winds and cold.5. A drought is … e. a lot of water covering the land.6. A zud is… f. a sudden violent movement of the earth’s

surface.7. A tsunami g. very hot weather

Study the sentences. Then answer the question below.

a. The sun was shining.b. The tourists were swimming while their children

were collecting sea shells.c. Then a wave crashed onto the shore.Which sentences above (a-c) …? 1. Showa two actions, happening at the same time.2. Sets the scene3. Shows what happened in the middle, to interrupt

these actions.

Complete these sentences. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form.

1. We were having dinner outside when it … (start) to rain.

2. We … (sleep) when an earthquake shook the house.3. The day … (begin) to get hot when she (wake up)4. My mother … (read) while my father … (watch)the

weather forecast on TV.5. Britain was having a heat wave so people 9turn off)

their central heating.6. It … (rain) heavily. The sky was grey and it was cold.7. The teacher … (teach) while the students … (study).

Remember Setting the scene: The sun was shining.

2 actions at a time: I was watching the elephants.They were behaving strangely.

Interrupted the two actions: The first wave hit Thailand.

LESSON 4I SAW SOMETHING I HAD NEVER

EXPERIENCES BEFORE

PUT THE VERBS IN THE CORRECT COLUMN. SOME WORDS CAN GO IN TWO COLUMNS.

Told had found showed taken helped do arrived lost bought started thinks played hidden knew read became went stopped ran make

infinitive Past simple Past participle

(to) be Was/were been

… … …

STUDY THE SENTENCES. NUMBER THE ACTIONS IN THE ORDER THEY HAPPENED. THEN ANSWER A OR B IN THE QUESTIONS.

a. We found the glasses. (…)b. The dog had hidden them. (…)

Which happened first? (…)Which is mentioned first? (…)

NOW CHOOSE A OR B IN THE EXPLANATIONS.

1. We generally use … to talk about a completed past actions.

a. The past perfect b. the past simple2. We can use … to talk about a completed past action than happened earlier. a. the past perfect b. the past simple3. We form the past perfect form with … +past participle. a. Has/ have b. had

WRITE SENTENCES. USE THE PAST SIMPLE AND PAST PERFECT IN EACH ONE.

1. Mum … us some photos (show).She … earlier (take).2. We how to watch the eclipse (know). Because we … already … the instructions. (read)3. Dad a … cake (eat) he earlier (make)4. My brother … a stories (tell) which he … at school (write)

IN PAIRS, LOOK AT THE PICTURES AND MAKE UP A STORY. BEGIN LIKE THIS …

Yesterday Keith went shopping…1. Do shopping 2. go jogging 3. meet friends

4. Be an Earthquake 5. telephone his parents 6. call his friends

7. be safe and happy

REMEMBER

She showed us the photos. (2)

She had taken the

photos before. (1)