Post on 02-Jan-2016
Multimedia Specification Design and Production
2013 / Semester 2 / week 5Lecturer: Dr. Nikos Gazepidisgazepidis@ist.edu.gr
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Learning outcomes
• XML - Extensible Markup Language
• SGML - Standard Generalized Markup Language
• SMIL - Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language
• SMIL 2.0 Modules
Multimedia & XML
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Reading List:
1.Extensible Markup Languagehttp://www.w3.org/XML/
2.Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-SMIL2-20050107/
3.Synchronized Multimediahttp://www.w3.org/AudioVideo/
3.Synchronized Multimedia Activity Statementhttp://www.w3.org/AudioVideo/Activity.html
Multimedia & XML
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Multimedia & XML
What is XML?
Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a simple, very flexible text format
derived from Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML).
designed especially for Web documents
It allows designers to create their own customized tags
extensible - not fixed format like HTML
XML is a metalanguage - a language for describing other languages
IBM, Microsoft, Oracle and Sun all agree: XML is the key to e-Business
XML enables business application sharing, direct transactions and other
business applications via electronic data interchange (EDI) documents
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Multimedia & XML
SGML
a system for organizing and tagging elements of a document.
SGML was developed and standardized by the International Organization
for Standards (ISO) in 1986. SGML itself does not specify any particular
formatting; rather, it specifies the rules for tagging elements. These tags
can then be interpreted to format elements in different ways.
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Multimedia & XML
Structured Data
In a large variety of domains:
Electronic Documents
Web Mining
Information Retrieval
BioInformatics
Computer Vision
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Multimedia & XML
SMIL - XML based language for multimedia
The most advanced way to integrate different information formats in XML is
SMIL Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language.
SMIL is designed to combine text, graphics, video and audio in real-time, to
schedule, synchronize, their presentation. SMIL allows to specify what is
presented, where, when and how.
SMIL documents are XML 1.0 documents. SMIL uses its own DTD-file,
which describes its elements and attributes for them. Basic layout is
consistent with the visual rendering model defined in CSS2 (Cascading Style
Sheets, level 2).
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Multimedia & XML
When should we use SMIL?
SMIL XML is a potential replacement for presentations typically produced by
using one of the many rapid elearning development tools. If you find yourself
copying and pasting layouts, content, templates, etc. from one presentation
to the next. Typical rapid elearning development tools that SMIL can replace
are:
Adobe Captivate Adobe Presenter (converts Microsoft PowerPoint to Flash*) Articulate Raptivity Rapid Intake etc.
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Multimedia & XML
SMIL - short history
Dec 1995 SMIL designing started
Nov 1997 First public release of SMIL
Nov 1999 Release of SMIL Boston (SMIL 2.0)
Jan 2000 Internet Explorer 5.5 player preview, which supports
selected SMIL 2.0 components
June 2001 W3C Proposed Recommendation of the
Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language
(SMIL) 2.0 specification
June 2001 GRiNS, a new version of the SMIL-2 player with full
support for the W3C SMIL 2.0 Proposed
Recommendation
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Multimedia & XML
Players
Currently only one browser which supports fully SMIL 2.0 - GRiNS/SMIL 2.0
Player (Oratrix).
For example Microsoft IE 5.5 support only some selected components of
SMIL 2.0, Microsoft's own version of SMIL is called HTML+TIME.
RealNetworks RealPlayer with better/full support for SMIL 2.0 is expecting to
be available end of September.
For SMIL 3.0 there are available multiple players and editors.
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Multimedia & XML
SMIL 2.0 modules
SMIL 2.0 consist currently of following functional modules:
• The Animation Modules
• The Content Control Modules
• The Layout Modules
• The Linking Modules
• The Media Object Modules
• The Metainformation Module
• The Structure Module
• The Transition Effects Module
• The Timing and Synchronization Module
• The Time Manipulations Module
Currently only GRiNS/SMIL 2.0 Player by Oratrix supports all these modules.
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Multimedia & XML
• Animation modules
The purpose of Animation Module is to enable controlling different media
objects in one time line. Module also includes several methods for creating
special effects to different multimedia components.
Animation module consists of BasicAnimation and SplineAnimation modules.
<DIV ID="oDIV" STYLE="position:absolute; top:170; left:50; width:100; height:50; border:solid black 1px; text-align:center;background-color:yellow;">DIV animation </DIV><t:ANIMATE targetElement="oDIV" attributeName="left" to="450" dur="5" fill="hold" accelerate="1"/>
<DIV ID="oDIV" STYLE="position:absolute; top:170; left:50; width:100; height:50; border:solid black 1px; text-align:center;background-color:yellow;">DIV animation </DIV><t:ANIMATE targetElement="oDIV" attributeName="left" to="450" dur="5" fill="hold" accelerate="1"/>
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Multimedia & XML
• Content control
Content Control Modules consists of four separate modules. These modules
allow to make different content choices based on runtime variables.
<t:switch><span class="time" systemLanguage="es">Somos interdependientes (Espanol)</span><span class="time" systemLanguage="pt">Ns somos interdependentes (Portuguese)</span><span class="time" systemLanguage="de">Wir sprechen (Deutsch)</span><span class="time" systemLanguage="en">We are interdependent (English)</span><span class="time">None of the above</span></t:switch>
<t:switch><span class="time" systemLanguage="es">Somos interdependientes (Espanol)</span><span class="time" systemLanguage="pt">Ns somos interdependentes (Portuguese)</span><span class="time" systemLanguage="de">Wir sprechen (Deutsch)</span><span class="time" systemLanguage="en">We are interdependent (English)</span><span class="time">None of the above</span></t:switch>
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Multimedia & XML
• Layout modules
The Layout Modules consist of one primary BasicLayout module and three
additional modules: AudioLayout, MultiWindowLayout, and
HierarchicalLayout modules.
Layout modules allows to position different media elements and control the
audio volume.
<layout> <region id="r" top="15px" left="20px" width="100px" height="50px"/></layout>
<layout> <region id="r" top="15px" left="20px" width="100px" height="50px"/></layout>
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Multimedia & XML
• Linking modules
1.The linking modules define attributes and elements for hyperlinks.
2.By the hyperlinks it is possible to interact with multimedia
applications.
3.Linking Modules consist of LinkingAttributes, BasicLinking and
ObjectLinking Modules.
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Multimedia & XML
• Media Object Modules
One of the important modules. It defines supported media types:
Continuous Media is audio file, video file or other media for which there
is a measurable and well-understood duration. For example, a five second
audio clip is continuous media.
Discrete Media consist of text files, pictures and other media types, which
are not time related. JPEG image is generally considered discrete media,
because there's nothing in the file indicating how long the JPEG should be
displayed.
Intrinsic Duration - the duration of a referenced item without any explicit
timing markup.
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Multimedia & XML
Media Object Modules also define different media object elements for
SMIL browsers
1.Animation
2.Audio
3.Img
4.Text
5.textstream
6.video
7.ref - Generic media reference
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Multimedia & XML
Media Object Modules: MediaClipping And MediaClipMarkers Modules
MediaClipping module enables to control the media objects in timeline. It
contains two attributes, clipBegin and clipEnd, which specifies the start and
endpoints of the media.
MediaClipMarkers module is used to define time points in a media object, not
clock values.
<button id=startMedia2>Play using clipBegin</button><button id=stopMedia2>Stop</button><t:media begin="startMedia2.click" end="stopMedia2.click" clipBegin="1" src="badday.mpg" mute="true" timeAction="display" style="height=250; width=350" />
<button id=startMedia2>Play using clipBegin</button><button id=stopMedia2>Stop</button><t:media begin="startMedia2.click" end="stopMedia2.click" clipBegin="1" src="badday.mpg" mute="true" timeAction="display" style="height=250; width=350" />
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Multimedia & XML
The Metainformation Module
The purpose of metainformation module is to make the data better
understandable for browsers. Using Metainformation Module is voluntary,
but recommended.
The Structure Module
The Structure module provides the base elements for structuring SMIL
content like <smil>, <head> and <body>.
Transition Effects Module
The Transition Effects Module makes it possible to make transtitions like
fades and wipes in presentations.
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Multimedia & XML
Timing and Synchronization Module
The most important module in SMIL. Defines tools and methods to synchronize
presentation over time.
SMIL supports tree different timing methods:
• <seq> element plays after previous has ended, one after one.
• <excl> is similar to , but this element doesn't specify any order.
• <par> elements allow parallel media presentation, many elements played in
same time.
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Multimedia & XML
The Time Manipulations Module
Advanced time manipulation elements like REVERSE and SPEED
All media types don't support all these methods - for example MPEG 1 video
format
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Multimedia & XML
SMIL 3.0 in the future
• SMIL is an efficient language for synchronizing and timing different kind of
media objects.
• It has hard competitors which have their own version of synchronizing
multimedia (e.g. Flash and RealAudio).
• It needs support from big browser companies like Microsoft and Netscape to
succeed.
• SMIL has although good chances to become more popular - its simplicity
(only text-editor needed for making presentations) and XML-origin allows
much better compatability compared to its competitors.