Post on 13-Dec-2015
Health Education and Promotion Department
Umm Al-Qura UniversityFaculty of Public Health and Health Informatics
By: Dr. Ahmed Abdullah
Motivation Part 2
Approaches of the Motivation
General Concepts
Major Theories of Motivation
Contents of the Lecture
Approaches to Motivation
Need-based approach
Process-based approach
Learning/reinforcement-based approach.
Three main approaches to motivation
General Concepts
• Our role as health care provider is to assist our patients to move toward a state of action that leads to improve health status outcome.
Major Theories of MotivationI. Content (Need-based) Approach theories:
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs theoryAlderfer’s ERG Theory Herzberg’s Two Factor TheoryMcClelland’s Learned Needs Theory
II. Process-based Approach theories:Vroom's expectancy theoryAdams' equity theory.Goal-setting theoryReinforcement theory.
Major Theories of Motivation
I. Content or Need-based Approach theories:Content Theories deal
with “what” motivates people and it is concerned with individual needs and goals.
Major Theories of Motivation
II. Process Theories deal with the “process” of motivation and is concerned with “how” motivation occurs.
Theories of Motivation
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory
Alderfer's ERG theory
McClelland's three-needs theory
Need Approach Theories
Maslow’s Needs-Hierarchy Theory
People have a hierarchy of five increasingly needs:
Physiologicalsecurity or safetysocial or belongings needsself-esteemself-actualization.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Maslow’s Pyramid
Principle of Maslow’s Needs-Hierarchy Theory
People are motivated first to satisfy the lower-order needs and then, in sequence, each of the higher-order needs.
Herzberg's Two factor theory
1- Hygiene Factors2- Motivator Factors
HERZBERG'S Two Factor Theory
• He called the satisfiers motivators and the dissatisfiers hygiene factors, using the term "hygiene" in the sense that they are considered maintenance factors that are necessary to avoid dissatisfaction but that by themselves do not provide satisfaction.
HERZBERG'S Two factor theory
Leading to Dissatisfaction Leading to Satisfaction
Company policy Achievement
Supervision Work itself
Relationship w/Boss Responsibility
Work conditions Advancement
Salary Growth
Relationship w/Peers Recognition
McCleland's acquired need theory
Need for Affiliation
Need for Achievement
Need for Power.
Alderfer's ERG theory
Has here components:• Existence: Combined the physiological
and safety needs into one level.• Relatedness: address the belonging
needs.• Growth: combined self esteem and self
actualization.
Major Theories of Motivation
Adams' equity theory
Vroom's expectancy theory
Goal-setting theory
Reinforcement theory
Process Approach Theories
Major Theories of Motivation
Adams' Equity Theory
Equity is an individual's beliefs that he or she is being treated fairly relative to the treatment of others.
Process Theories of Motivation
Vroom's Expectancy Theory:motivation plus effort leads to performance, which
then leads to outcomes.
Motivation + Effort = Performance
Performance Outcomes.
Major Theories of Motivation
Goal-setting Theory
should set goals for the individual on a regular basis and that rewards should be tied to the accomplishment of goals
Questions? Comments?