Post on 10-Mar-2018
Modelling and Analysis of EES
Systems Using SWMM
Darko Joksimovic
Department of Civil Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto
July 24th 2015
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Planning and Design of a Right-of-Way LID (Etobicoke Exfiltration System)
EES Elements
SWMM Model Development
Model testing
Model application
Conclusions and future work
EES Elements to Capture in a Model
Inlet
Trench
D/S Plug
EES Elements
SWMM Model Development
Model testing
Model application
Conclusions and future work
No explicit elements to simulate EES
Representing EES in SWMMStorm sewer + two perforated pipes
Does not include storage interaction and capacityDoes not restrict the flow to downstream MH (need dummy nodes)
SWMM Model Development
2
EES Elements
SWMM Model Development
Model testing
Model application
Conclusions and future work
No explicit elements to simulate EES
Representing EES in SWMMStorm sewer + trench (link) + dummy node
Adjustments to geometry to represent void space in the trenchAdjustment to infiltration rate (mm/hr)
SWMM Model Development
No explicit elements to simulate EES
Representing EES in SWMMStorm sewer + 2 orifices+ storage (node)
Geometry to represent void space in the trenchAdjustment of infiltration rates to surrounding soil for revised
geometry (revised in recent SWMM versions from Green-Ampt to mm/hr)
EES Elements
SWMM Model Development
Model testing
Model application
Conclusions and future work
SWMM Model Development
No explicit elements to simulate EES
Representing EES in SWMMStorm sewer + 2 orifices+ storage + pumping
Storage (stage-area) and pump curves in ExcelRepresenting each element separately allows flexibility
Sensitivity analyses Analyses of results Future changes
EES Elements
SWMM Model Development
Model testing
Model application
Conclusions and future work
SWMM Model Development
No explicit elements to simulate EES
What is NOT modelled
Detailed inlet hydraulicsPrevious monitoring left questions regarding restricted flow to perforated pipesChanges to orifice coefficients
Flow in the trench
Flow through geotextileWrapping of the perforated pipesTrench
Long term changesClimateDrainage area characteristicsPerforated pipe cloggingTrench cloggingSurrounding soil infiltration rates
EES Elements
SWMM Model Development
Model testing
Model application
Conclusions and future work
SWMM Model Development
EES Elements
SWMM Model Development
Model testing
Model application
Conclusions and future work
Infiltration rate of surrounding soil the main adjustment parameter
SWMM Model Testing (Etobicoke Data)
EES Elements
SWMM Model Development
Model testing
Model application
Conclusions and future work
Conventional (existing) drainage model
SWMM Model Application
EES Elements
SWMM Model Development
Model testing
Model application
Conclusions and future work
Model calibrated using recorded pond levels
SWMM Model Application
EES Elements
SWMM Model Development
Model testing
Model application
Conclusions and future work
Conventional (existing) drainage model
SWMM Model Application
EES Overlaid
EES Elements
SWMM Model Development
Model testing
Model application
Conclusions and future work
Long-term performance of each system simulated using the developed models in PCSWMM
Pearson Airport hourly rainfall data (April – October, 1960-2012 with missing years)
11
SWMM Model Application
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
J5 J1 J6 J12 J2 J3 J7 J4 J27 J8 J23
J11
J15
J16 J9 J10
J17
J13
J18
J14
J19
J20
J21
J22
J24
J25
J26
J30
J28
J29
Inflo
w Volum
e (106
m³)
Node ID
Runoff Total (EES) Total (Conventional)
EES Elements
SWMM Model Development
Model testing
Model application
Conclusions and future work
Drainage system inflows
12
SWMM Model Application
‐
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
C9 C13
C23
C26
C10 C1 C5 C2 C11 C3 C6 C12 C4 C30
C18
C19
C20 C7 C8 C14
C15
C16
C17
C21
C22
C24
C25
C27
C29
C28
Max
imum
Flow (L
/s)
Link ID
EES Conventional
EES Elements
SWMM Model Development
Model testing
Model application
Conclusions and future work
Drainage system (pipe flow) utilization
13
SWMM Model Application
EES Elements
SWMM Model Development
Model testing
Model application
Conclusions and future work
Drainage system (pipe capacity) utilization
14
SWMM Model Application
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
C9 C13
C23
C26
C10 C1 C5 C2 C11 C3 C6 C12
C4 C30
C18
C19
C20 C7 C8 C14
C15
C16
C17
C21
C22
C24
C25
C27
C29
C28
Max
imum
Perce
nt Utiliz
ed
Link ID
EES Conventional
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
SU1
SU10
SU11
SU12
SU13
SU14
SU15
SU16
SU17
SU18
SU19
SU2
SU20
SU21
SU22
SU23
SU24
SU25
SU26
SU27
SU3
SU4
SU5
SU6
SU7
SU8
SU9
Max
imum
Perce
nt Utiliz
ed
Trench Storage ID
EES Elements
SWMM Model Development
Model testing
Model application
Conclusions and future work
Trench storage utilization
15
SWMM Model Application
EES Elements
SWMM Model Development
Model testing
Model application
Conclusions and future work
Flow duration
16
SWMM Model Application
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
0.0 0.1 1.0 10.0 100.0 1,000.0 10,000.0
Flow Rate (L/s)
Duration of Exceedance (hrs)
Pond Inflow (EES) Pond Outflow (EES)
Pond Inflow (Conventional) Pond Outflow (Conventional)
EES Elements
SWMM Model Development
Model testing
Model application
Conclusions and future work
Water balanceConventional
With EES
17
SWMM Model Application
2,366
Rainfall Volume
1,269
424
678
Surface Infiltration ET Surface Runoff
1,269
424
574
104
678
Surface Infiltration ET Infiltrated by EES Pond Discharge
EES Elements
SWMM Model Development
Model testing
Model application
Conclusions and future work
Modelling of EES can be accomplished in several ways using SWMM
Orifice-storage-pump representation used in this studyAdvantages: simple and clear representation of each process Disadvantage: computationally expensive (long simulation times)Simpler approaches to be explored
Model testing using monitored data satisfactory
Comparison of conventional drainage system and conventional drainage system w/EES
Runoff volume infiltrated by the EES significant (>80%)Minor system peak flows reducedMaximum pipe capacity utilization still high with EES (large events)Maximum storage trench utilization ranging between 50% and 70%,
indicating trench inflow capacity as a limiting factor (?)Drastic modification in Flow-Duration curves and water balance
More analysis of existing results
Optimization of placement/sizing of perforated pipes
Physical modelling of the system for further development
Summary and Future Work