Materials and Technologies for Making Perovskite-based Solar Cell

Lin Yuanjing

• Background• Perovskite materials for solar cell• Perovskite solar cell fabrication technology• Conclusion

Breakthrough of Perovskite Solar Cells

Amorphous Silicon Solar Cell

Dye-sensitized Solar Cells

Organic Photovoltaic

2014：19.3%

Classification of Perovskite Materials

Description of Organic-Inorganic Perovskite: ABX3

Cubic perovskite crystal structureA: organic B:Pb, Sn X: halogen ion(I, Cl, Br)

• Materials:

-CH3NH3PbI3

-CH3NH3PbI3-XClX,

-CH3NH3PbI3-XBrX

• Role of doping (Cl, Br):

- Increase diffusion length and thickness

- Tune the bandgap and absorption• Challenges: -Increase the thickness:

recombination of electron and hole- Decrease the thickness

less absorbtion

Architecture of Perovskite Solar Cells

General perovskite solar cell structure Vacuum energy level

• Hole Transfer Layer: Spiro-MeOTAD, PEDOT: PSS• Absorber Layer: Perovskite materials• Electron Transfer Layer: Al2O3, ZrO2, TiO2, ZnO, PCBM

• Transparent Conducting Oxides Layer: ITO, FTO• Electrode: Ag, Au, Al

FTOTiO2+Perovskite

HTLAu

Glass

Fabrication Technology

• Solution Processes (Planar and mesostructured layer ) : One-Step Precursor Deposition (OSPD)--simplicity Sequential Deposition Method (SDM)--better control of perovskite morphology• Evaporation Processes (Planar): Dual-Source Vapor Deposition (DSVD)-- extremely uniform film

Vapor-Assisted Solution Process (VASP)-- high-quality perovskite film

(a) One-Step Precursor Deposition (OSPD). (b) Sequential Deposition Method (SDM).  (c) Dual-Source Vapor Deposition (DSVD (d) Vapor-Assisted Solution Process (VASP)

Conclusion

• Ease of fabrication• Strong solar absorption• Low non-radiative carrier recombination rates• Compatible with other solar cells

• Toxicity issues--fabrication, deployment, disposal• Degradation--moisture, ultraviolet radiation

Advantages

Commercial Challenge

Thank You !