1. Ammonia (alkaline) and nitric acid react together in a neutralisation reaction

2. The fertiliser ammonium nitrate is produced

Making FertilisersMaking FertilisersMaking FertilisersMaking Fertilisers

Making fertilisers

Making FertilisersMaking FertilisersMaking FertilisersMaking Fertilisers

Making fertilisers

NeutralisationNeutralisationNeutralisationNeutralisation

Making fertilisers

1. Ammonia is made in the Haber process2. The raw materials are nitrogen (from

the air) and hydrogen (from natural gas)

3. The conditions needed are;• high temperatures (about 4500) • high pressures (200 atm). • iron catalyst

The Haber ProcessThe Haber ProcessThe Haber ProcessThe Haber Process

The Haber Process

The Haber ProcessThe Haber ProcessThe Haber ProcessThe Haber Process

The Haber Process

The Haber ProcessThe Haber ProcessThe Haber ProcessThe Haber Process

The Haber Process

1. The Haber process reaction is reversible2. This means that the product (ammonia)

can break down again into the reactants (nitrogen and hydrogen)

Reversible reactionsReversible reactionsReversible reactionsReversible reactions

Reversible reactions

Reversible reactionReversible reactionReversible reactionReversible reaction

Reversible reaction

1. For a reversible reaction in a closed system, an equilibrium is reached where the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction

2. The amount of reactants and products in the equilibrium depends on the conditions

3. The equilibrium will move to reduce any changes in the reaction

EquilibriumEquilibriumEquilibriumEquilibrium

Equilibrium

EquilibriumEquilibriumEquilibriumEquilibrium

Equilibrium

Low temperatureLow temperatureLow temperatureLow temperature

Low temperature

High temperatureHigh temperatureHigh temperatureHigh temperature

Hign temperature

1. Ammonia reacts with oxygen in the air in the presence of a hot platinum catalyst to produce nitrogen monoxide

2. The nitrogen monoxide reacts with water and more oxygen to produce nitric acid

Making Nitric acidMaking Nitric acidMaking Nitric acidMaking Nitric acid

Making nitric acid

Making Nitric AcidMaking Nitric AcidMaking Nitric AcidMaking Nitric Acid

Making nitric acid

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