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Lecture 13 Slides

LIPIDANABOLISM

fig 21-1

acetyl-CoA carboxylase

fig 21-1

acetyl-CoA carboxylase

fig 21-1

acetyl-CoA carboxylase

fig 21-2

condensation

fig 21-2

reduction

fig 21-2

dehydration

fig 21-2

reduction

fig 21-4

synthesis of fatty acids…

fig 21-4

synthesis of fatty acids…

fig 21-4

acyl carrier protein(ACP) in E. coli

a lot like…

fig 16-3coenzyme A

AcCoA-ACPtransacetylase(AT)

fig 21-6 (4th)

malonyl-CoA-ACP transferase(MT)

fig 21-6 (4th)

b-ketoacyl-ACP synthase (KS)

fig 21-6

b-ketoacyl-ACP reductase (KR)

fig 21-6

b-hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydratase (HD)

fig 21-6

enoyl-ACP reductase (ER)

fig 21-6

acetylCoA-ACP transacetylase (AT)

fig 21-6

fig 21-7

fig 21-7

fig 21-7

fatty acidsynthasesvariationsof the FAScomplex

fig 21-9

two sources of NADPH…

fig 21-10

citrate as a source of building blocks…

fig 21-10

citrate lyase as an anabolic carbon source…

fig 21-10

and a minor NADPH source…

majority supplied by pentose phosphate p.way

fig 21-11

Allosteric regulation of fatty acid synthesis

fig 21-11

Phosphorylation of fatty acid synthesis

active un-phosphorylated ACC makes cytosolic filaments

fig 21-12

now what…?elongationdesaturation

fig 21-14.

providedby plants:polyunsat.fatty acids

fig 21-15.

cyclooxygenasea key reaction of inflammation inmammals…

fig 21-15.

aspirin: a cycloxygenase inhibitor

willowbark

box 21-2

a family of COX inhibitors: NSAIDs

box 21-2

a family of COX inhibitors: NSAIDs

box 21-2

Two COX isozymes

COX1gastric

functions

COX2inflammation

pain fever

box 21-2

COX2-specific inhibitors

COX2-specific inhibitors

COX2-specific inhibitors

lipid menagerie

phospholipid

triglyceride

phospholipids or glycerophospholipids

phophatidylcholine phophatidylserine

fig 21-17.

mobilizing glycerol

fig 21-17.

addingacyl groups

phosphatidic acida phospholipid

fig 21-18.

more phospholipidsor glycerides…

fig 21-23.

anatomy of a phospholipid

anothertrinucleotide-based carrier:CTP

fig 21-24.

The isoprene unit:a branched lipid structure

fig 21-32

fig 21-33

four stagesof cholesterolsynthesis

fig 21-33

four stagesof cholesterolsynthesis

fig 21-33

four stagesof cholesterolsynthesis

fig 21-34.

stage 1mevalonateproduction

fig 21-34.

stage 1mevalonateproduction

fig 21-34.

stage 1mevalonateproduction

fig 21-34.

stage 1mevalonateproduction

fig 21-34.

synthesisof mevalonate

first stepsof ketonebody formation

fig 21-35

stage 2: conversion toactive isoprenes

fig 21-36.

“head” “tail”

condensation of isoprenes

fig 21-36.

further condensation of isoprenes

fig 21-36.

and even more condensation of isoprenes

fig 21-37.

from squalene to cholesterol

fig 21-38.

fig 21-39.

LDL:the infamouslipoprotein

fig 21-39

fig 21-40

fig 21-40

fig 21-44

regulationof cholesterolmetabolismboth uptakeand synthesisare involved

box 21-3

As does nature, so does pharma...

fig 21-45

sterolsgalore!

fig 21-47

isoprenoidsgalore!!