LESSON 4THE CHRISTIAN KINGDOMS

FIVE MINUTES to READ pages 66 and 67

VOCABULARY

• Spanish March Marca Hispánica• Hairy velloso

MAIN DATES

• Battle of Roncesvalles 778• Sancho III the Great died 1035

4.2.First Counties and Pyrenean Kingdoms

• 4.2.1. Spanish March – In 778 Carlomagne tried to conquest Zaragoza, but

he couldn’t. When he was returning to France, most of his army was destroyed in Roncesvalles.

– The Pyrenean region formed the Spanish March within the Carolingian Empire. This means that all these counties paid taxes to Carolingian Empire.

– In the 9th century the Carolingian Empire dissolved.– Three different independent regions were formed:

Navarre, Aragon and the Catalan counties

4.2.First Counties and Pyrenean Kingdoms

• 4.2.2. The Kingdom of Navarre – From the 10th century, the Jimena dynasty ruled in

Navarre and extended their influence to La Rioja and Alava. Sancho III the Great (1000-1035) became the most powerful Christian king on the Peninsula

– His Kingdom included the Aragonese counties, Castile and part of Leon.

– However, his kingdom broke up after his death

Inheritance of Sancho III Sancho III the Great (1004-1035)

•King of Pamplona

•Count of Castile, Aragon, and Sobrarbe-Ribagorza

CASTILE

Fernando I

1035-1065)LEON

Sancho II

(1065-1072)

Alfonso VI

(1065-1072)

Alfonso VI (1072-1109)

King of Castile and Leon

PAMPLONA

García Sánchez III

Sancho Ramírez

King of Pamplona and Aragon and Sobrarbe

ARAGÓN

Ramiro I

(1035-1063)

SOBRARBE

Gonzalo (1035-1044)

Ramiro I (1035-1063)

King of Aragon y Sobrarbe

4.2.First Counties and Pyrenean Kingdoms

• 4.2.3. The Aragonese counties – In 922, Aragon came under the rule of the kingdom

of Navarre. The family of Count Aznar Galindo achieved independence after the death of Sancho III

4.2.First Counties and Pyrenean Kingdoms

• 4.2.4. The Catalan counties – In 878, Wilfred the Hairy united the Catalan

counties. He ruled them independently. Good relations with the caliphs of Cordoba brought a period of stability.

– Catalonia consolidated its independence in the 10th century

Photos

Links• Vida de Sancho III el Mayor (sp)

– http://www.vallenajerilla.com/berceo/rioja-abierta/sanchoIII/sanchoIIImayor.htm

– http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sancho_Garc%C3%A9s_III_de_Pamplona

• Historia Medieval por reinos (sp) [MB]– http://usuarios.multimania.es/reinosmedievales/

ACTIVITIES• What happened in each century?

The Christian Kingdoms

8th century 9th century 10th cent.

Asturias-LeonNavarre

Aragon

Catalan Counties