What is globalisation and how is it changing people’s lives?

• Know the meaning of the word ‘globalisation’;• Understand the process of globalisation;• Be able to outline the factors which have

accelerated globalisation;• Examine global patterns and trends in

migration;• Assess the link between globalisation and

population movements.

Globalisation and population change

• Demographic changes are an important part of globalisation.

• Economic growth leads to an increase in the number of people living in a region due to changes in birth rate (BR), death rate (DR) and natural increase (NI).

Stage 1: BR and DR both high and fluctuating. There are no countries at this stage, only small regions.No access to birth control, high infant mortality, poor diet and hygiene.

Stage 2: e.g. EthopiaDR falling due to better diet, improved medical facilities and better sanitation. BR remains high so population growing.

Stage 3: e.g. BangladeshBR now fall rapidly due to improved knowledge of family planning and a changing role of women. DR continues to fall.

Stage 4: e.g. PolandBR and DR are both low and fluctuating. BR is still slightly higher, so the population is increasing. Characteristic of most MEDCs.

Stage 5: e.g. Russian FederationSome countries are now moving to the point where DR is higher than the BR. Therefore the population is falling.

Globalisation and migration

• Globalisation also has a strong influence on migration.

– Can concentrate new factories (wealth) in certain areas, making them more attractive

– Rural areas may modernise and cause a reduction in jobs (mechanisation of farming)

– Intervening obstacles may be removed e.g. EU

Net immigration by country

Net emigration by country

Push and pull factors

Push factors

Forcing people away from

where they live now

Pull factors

Attracting people to a new

area

MIGRATION

Lee’s Model of Intervening Obstacles

Lee’s Model of Intervening Obstacles

• Social obstacles – family links, illiteracy, lack of education

• Economic obstacles – cost of moving, setting up new home / business etc

• Political obstacles – immigration policy• Lack of information about the destination