Lesson 2: TRANSPORT AND TRANSLOCATION OF WATER AND SOLUTES

Bachelor 2: Plant physiology

Lesson 2:

TRANSPORT AND TRANSLOCATION

OF WATER AND SOLUTES

Instructor: LE Thi Van Anh

le-thi-van.anh@usth.edu.vn 1

By the end of this course, students are able to:

-  Describe some basic terms: transportation, translocation and

transpiration

-  Understand 2 processes: passive and active cellular transport

- Describe the different routes of water and solute mineral absorption

from soil to root

-  Analyze the different forces ensuring the transport in xylem

-  Describe the process of transpiration through stomata

Learning outcome

Concept:

What kind of transport in plants:

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What must be transported in plants?…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Focusing…

1)  Cellular transport 2)  Water & Mineral Absorption of Roots 3)  Transport of Xylem Sap 4)  Control of Transpiration 5)  Translocation of Phloem Sap

Cellular transport…

Passive Active ………………………………………………………. …………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Cellular transport: passive water transport…

Moves from high H2O potential to a low H2O potential

Flaccid cell dropped into 0.1M sucrose solution

Water come into cell

Turgid cell

Water go out

Add more sucrose

Cellular transport: passive solute transport…

Solutes move from greater to lower osmolarity

Permeability of cellular membrane

Why???

Cellular transport: transport protein

Three classes of membrane transport protein

Hypothetical model for cation transport by a pump: Energy comes from ATP hydrolysis « primary active transport »

Cellular transport: carrier protein

Two types of secondary transport

Cellular transport: pump protein

Overview of the various transport processes on the plasma membrane and tonoplast of plant cells

Water Absorption of Roots

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Root pressure

- Force (pressure) caused by water bulk flow from soil to xylem. -  Manometer can measure positive pressure about 0.05 to 0.2 MPa

Guttation: exudation of xylem sap through hydrathodes

Ion Absorption of Roots and xylem loading

1. Cortex: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. From endodermis to xylem parenchyma: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Enter to tracheary elements …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Transport in xylem

How does water move up to xylem? ………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………

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Cohesion-‐tension theory

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Transpira6on: water movement to atmosphere

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Types of transpira6on

How many types of transpiration?

Transpira6on through stomata

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Water pathway through the leaf

Transpira6on ra6o

Transpiration ratio (TR) = water transpired/carbon dioxide assimilated For C3 plant, TR= 1/400

TR is used to evaluate the “water use efficiency”

How to increase “water use efficiency”?

Adapta6on for using water efficiently

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Lesson 2: TRANSPORT AND TRANSLOCATION OF WATER AND SOLUTES

Documents

Transcript of Lesson 2: TRANSPORT AND TRANSLOCATION OF WATER AND SOLUTES

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