L A N D

S H A D O W S

OF

Land that is caught between

I S O L A T I O N

and...

I N T E G R A T I O N

Land that is caught between

R E P R E S S I O N

and...

R E F O R M A T I O N

Land that is caught between

DARK

and...

LIGHT

Nominally Civilian Government (2011)

50 Years of Military Dictatorship (1962 - 2010)

Post-colonisation Junta Period Junta Period Junta Period Junta Period Civilian Government

1948 - 1961 1962 - 1987 1988 - 2004 2005 - 2007 2008 2011 - Present

Timeline of Print Media

Print Media during Junta Period1962 - 1987

‣ 1969: Privately-owned newspapers were nationalized. Became state-owned papers

‣ Burma Press Council was formed (many editors were arrested during government retaliation)

Post-colonisation Junta Period Junta Period Junta Period Junta Period Civilian Government

1948 - 1961 1962 - 1987 1988 - 2004 2005 - 2007 2008 2011 - Present

Post-colonisation Junta Period Junta Period Junta Period Junta Period Civilian Government

1948 - 1961 1962 - 1987 1988 - 2004 2005 - 2007 2008 2011 - Present

‣ Press Scrutiny and Registration Department (PSRD) was established and controlled by military intelligence

‣ Newspaper drafts to be submitted to PSRD prior to publishing

‣ Strict censorship rules

‣ Heavy penalties implemented: serious warning, ban, and revocation of license

Print Media during Junta Period2005 - 2007