Post on 01-Jan-2016
Kurt D. HondlNSSL Radar Research & Development Division
Kurt.Hondl@noaa.gov
Real-Time Radar Processing at the National Severe
Storms Laboratory
• What capabilities have been developed at NSSL that could support NOAA’s NextGen effort?
An integrated, real-time, multi-sensor platform to develop, test, and assess advanced techniques in quality control, data integration, application development (in severe weather and precipitation estimation), display, and short-term forecasting
A 3D/4D grid of radar (and other observations) and derived severe weather & precipitation estimation products
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NMQ & WDSS-II
NMQ & WDSS-II
The result of 10+ years of research, application development, and operational testing at NSSL & NWS Forecast Offices
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http://nmq.ou.edu
NMQ: National mosaic and Multi-sensor QPE
NMQ: National mosaic and Multi-sensor QPE
• A suite of quantitative precipitation estimation algorithms
• Uses multi-sensor observations
• Products delivered to RFCs (AHIPS) and NWS FOs (FFMPA) for operational use
• A 2-yr online archive a precipitation products
NMQ Precipitation Products
• Reflectivity ProductsVertical Profile of Reflectivity, Bright-band IdentificationHybrid-Scan Reflectivity (VPR corrected)
• Precipitation Products1-HR Precip, 3-HR, 6-HR, 12-HR, 24-HR, and 72-HR PrecipRadar only, Multi-Sensor, Radar with Gauge Bias CorrectionLocal Gauge BiasGauge-only Precip
• Precipitation VerificationComparison to Stage-II, Stage-III, Stage-IV, HADS, MPE
References Vasiloff, S., D.J., Seo, K. Howard, J. Zhang, D. H. Kitzmiller, M. G. Mullusky, W. F. Krajewski, E. A. Brandes, R. M. Rabin, D. S. Berkowitz, H. E. Brooks, J. A. McGinley, R. J. Kuligowski, and B. G. Brown., 2007: Q2: Next generation QPE and very short-term QPF. Bull. Amer. Met. Soc. 88, 1899-1911.
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http://wdssii.nssl.noaa.gov
WDSS-II: Warning Decision Support System –
Integrated Information
WDSS-II: Warning Decision Support System –
Integrated Information
• A suite of data ingest and quality control processes
• Severe weather algorithms and applications
• Uses multi-sensor observations
• Products delivered to NCEP (SPC and AWC) and NWS FOs (OUN,FTW,TUL), CAPS, ESRL, NCAR and Environment Canada for operational use
• An archive of automated Hail Swath and Rotation Track information
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WDSS-II Severe Weather Algorithms
• 3D Reflectivity MosaicAutomated QC Neural NetworkVIL, EchoTop, Composite, IsothermsHail (Max Expected Size, Probability, Hail Swath)Kmeans/Segmotion Nowcast, Storm TrackingStorm Classification
• 3D VelocityVortex Detection & Diagnosis Algorithm (from Azimuthal Shear)Multi-Doppler Wind Analysis
• Multi-Sensor AlgorithmsLightning (NLDN & LMA)Near Storm Environment (from RUC numerical model analyses)Satellite
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NSSL 3D/4D Radar System
3D Radar Merger productIngesting data from national network of WSR-88D radarsGrid resolution of 1km x 1km over the CONUS (6200km x 3000km x 20km) with 31 vertical levelsData streaming in from multiple radars and go through an automated QC to remove non-precipitation echoesIntegrate with other meteorological data to generate algorithm products (satellite, RUC model analysis, etc)3D grid and products updated every 5 minutes
References– Lakshmanan, V., T. Smith, K. Hondl, G. Stumpf, A. Witt, 2006: A Real-Time, Three
Dimensional, Rapidly Updating, Heterogeneous Radar Merger Technique for Reflectivity, Velocity and Derived Products. Weather and Forecasting, 21, 802-823.
– Langston, C., J. Zhang, and K. Howard, 2007: Four-Dimensional Dynamic Radar Mosaic. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 24, 776 790.
– Zhang, J., K. Howard, and J.J. Gourley, 2005: Constructing three-dimensionalmultiple radar reflectivity mosaics: examples of convective storms and stratiform rain echoes. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 22, 30-42.
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WSR-88D Radar Mosaicand Products
Generating 1-km CONUS products every 5-minRequires ~22 servers to produce 1-km CONUS 3D radar observation grid every 5-minAnother ~10 servers to produce WDSS-II severe weather products and ingest multi-sensor dataAnother ~16 servers to produce NMQ precipitation estimate products
Expanding Linux server farm to add capacityWill eventually produce 0.5-km CONUS products every 2-min to take advantage of WSR-88D Super ResolutionWill be adding Dual Polarization algorithms/products as the WSR-88D network is upgraded
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CASA-KLWE
Canadian Radars
TDWR-OKC
TV Radars-KPIX
Other Radars
Adding other radars to the 3D/4D radar observations grid will help fill-in coverage gaps not sampled by the WSR-88D or
augment observations when maintenance or outages prevents WSR-88D observations.
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NMQ/WDSS-II Domain
~150 WSR-88D 31 Canadian 2 TDWR 1 TV station radar
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NMQ/WDSSIIAviation,
Severe weather Precipitation
ProductsAnd Diagnostics
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NMQ/WDSS-II Collaborators and Product Distribution
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NMQ/WDSS-IIComputational Infrastructure
The entire NMQ/WDSS-II processing system is composed of 2 Quad-Core AMD Opteron Processors (2.9 GHz with 32GB RAM) Linux servers from a single manufacturer (HP);
Servers and server drives can quickly be configured, maintained and swapped out;
Running RedHat 64-bit OS;
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Radar Data Ingest• Ingest base level 2 data from 158 tri-agency (DOC, DOD, DOT) 10 cm WSR-88D radars
• Ingest base level data from 33 5-cm radars from Environmental Canada/NCDC
• Ingest base level data from two TDWRs using direct connections
• Ingest commercial radars in addition to experimental radar systems such as CASA and PAR
• System designed to accommodate increasing access to radar systems and radar networks
WSR-88D
TDWR
Canadian Radars
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NMQ/WDSS-IIMosaic and Product Creation
Radar Ingest
4D grids & products Precipitation Products
Severe Weather Products
Aviation NextGen Weather Products
Products are disseminated in NetCDF, binary, AWIPS, N-AWIPS, GIS, and HRAP formats using the LDM protocol.
WSR-88D
TDWR
Canadian
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Multi-sensor Ingest
NMQ/WDSS-IIMulti-Sensor Inputs
Ingest and process other sources of information to improve products
Radar data (as previously described)
Satellite
NWP data (RUC model)
Lightning (NLDN, LMA)
Surface Observations (ASOS, Mesonets)
Rain Gauge
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NMQ/WDSS-II NextGen Product Generation
2012 to 2016 Current to 2012
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NMQ/WDSS-II NextGen Product Generation
2012 to 2016 Current to 2012
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NMQ/WDSS-II NextGen Product Generation
2012 to 2016 Current to 2012
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4D Radar Mosaic Development Pathway
FY10: NCEP Implementation of CONUS 4D reflectivity mosaic and products– Severe weather and aviation related products per NextGen requirements – Resolution of 1.0-km x 2-min update cycle with 3D reflectivity mosaic 31 levels– Ingest includes commercial, Canadian radars and TDWRS for comparison
• Evaluation of data quality concerns and attenuation at shorter wavelengths– Q2 precipitation type and rate products
FY11: Operational 0.5-km CONUS 4D reflectivity mosaics and products– Improved automated quality control methods for TDWR, Canadian and commercial
radars– Initial 3D Mosaics for Hawaii / Alaska regions– Evaluating and advancing Dual-Pol algorithms specific to NextGen requirements
FY12: Dual Polarization 4D CONUS Mosaics prototype at NSSL– Initial 4D Dual Polarization Hydrometeor CONUS mosaic for model data assimilation– Advanced Dual polarizing quality control and hydrometer classification
FY13: Operational Dual Polarization 4D CONUS Mosaics at NCEP– Initial connections to Mexican & Caribbean radars
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4D Radar Mosaic Development Pathway
FY14: North America 4D Mosaics prototype at NSSL– Inclusion of additional gap filling radars in 4D Mosaic (Commercial, CASA)– Mexican & Caribbean radars in 4D Mosaic
FY15: Operational North America 4D Mosaics at NCEP– Integrate airborne radars (e.g. Hurricane observations) into the 4D radar cube– Developing strategies for 4-D radar mosaic of MPAR radar data– Initial radar 3D mosaics from European radar networks– Initial radar 3D mosaics from Asian radar networks
FY16: Hemispheric 4D reflectivity Mosaics prototype at NSSL – Prototype the utilization of airborne radars as node functions to autonomously exchange radar
with surrounding aircraft and ground systems as well as into NCEP’s 4D dynamic mosaic
FY18: Hemispheric 4D Radar Mosaics at NCEP– Initial Northern Hemispheric radar mosaics– Initial hemispheric precipitation and storm type mosaic combining satellite and radar
FY20: Hemispheric 4D Radar Mosaics and Multi-sensor Aviation products at NCEPPrototype combined surface, airborne, space radars observations
Initial inclusion of MPAR for 4D mosaics
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2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
WSR88D Dual Polarization
WSR88D High Res
Canada Network Commercial Radars
1-km/5-min 1-km/2-min 500-m/2-min 500-m/1-min 250-m/1-min
North America Resolution and Refresh Rate
WSR88D DoD L2
MPAR
TDWR Network
CASA
Mexico Network
Caribbean Network
Seamless Integration of Radar Advances, Systems, and NetworksSeamless Integration of Radar Advances, Systems, and Networks
NMQ/WDSSII NextGen Future Research Activities
NMQ/WDSS-II Summary
• NSSL continues to facilitate the seamless, scientifically sound, high resolution integration of radar systems and networks into a 4D frame as the basis for NextGen radar authority
• The experimental system serves as the foundation for other aviation research and product development
• Completed the initial operational infusion at NCEP for model data assimilation and CONUS, high resolution multi sensor radar based products.
• In FY10, NSSL will establish at NCEP a stand alone NextGen radar 4D cube as the foundation to facilitate radar derived products to meet FAA NextGen requirements.
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