KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet Waterjet Basics. KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet The KMT Waterjet Network...

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KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Waterjet Basics

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

The KMT Waterjet Network

KoreaSeoul

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U.A.E.Dubai

PolandWarszawa

SwedenRonneby

ItalyMilan

FranceParis

EnglandBirmingham

SpainMadrid

BrazilSao Paulo

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California Fresno

GeorgiaAtlanta

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Main Office GermanyMain Office USA

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

What is Waterjet Cutting?

Erosion process of material

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Types of Waterjets?

Abrasive Waterjet (AWJ): involves the entrainment of abrasive

particles into the high pressure water jet

Waterjet (WJ): using only high pressure water jet energy with no

additives

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

What is an Orifice?

The primary component of the nozzle where the energy formation

occurs

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Waterjet (WJ)?

Orifice

Waterjet

Nozzle

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

• Plastic

• Foam

• Paper

• Rubber

• Food

• Gaskets

Waterjet Applications

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Waterjet Applications

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Abrasive Waterjet (AWJ)?

Abrasive

Jet

High Pressure Water

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

How AWJ Works?

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Abrasive Waterjet Application

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Types of High Pressure Pumps?

Intensifier Pump– More expensive and highly reliable– Less maintenance required and fewer components– Easier to work on and to maintain

Direct Drive Pump– High maintenance frequencies and time consuming – Cheaper alternative for a reason– Limited high pressure supply

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Direct Drive Pump / Mechanical Pump

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Intensifier Pump

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Intensifier Topwork?

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

KMT Intensifier Family

SL-V 15, 30R, 50R, 75R, 100R, 150R & 200R hp

Multiple shift operation

EXCLUSIVE Hard Seal End Cap design

Ergonomically designed for ease of maintenance

Standard Allen Bradley display panel

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

KMT vs. FLOW Pump

The KMT Pump has an 8" stroke while FLOW has a 4" inch stroke

The KMT pump is the only unit that uses Metal-to-Metal HSEC

The KMT Pump uses Single topwork concept on all models

The KMT pump uses independent bolts in the Hydraulic Cylinder

The KMT Pump is the easiest pump to maintain

The KMT Pump allows Leak-Free Plunger & Hydraulic Seal Removal

The KMT Pump has the lowest noise level

The KMT Pumps can be automatically balancing

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

KMT Intensifier Components

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

KMT Intensifier Components

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Horsepower (HP)?

Energy is Horsepower. The Higher the horsepower:

The faster the cutting rates

The greater the number of Nozzles

The thicker the material you can cut

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

What Does 50 HP Stand for?

50 HP is the electric motor size. A 50 HP unit is the rating of the

high pressure pump that is capable of providing a maximum water

capacity of 1 GPM

The HP of the pump determines power, number of orifices, and

respective sizes

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Energy Creation?

Water generated from pump is focused into a small component

called “Orifice” to generate the high pressure water Jet that travels

around Mach 2 or Mach 3

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Pure Waterjet Turnkey System

Optional WaterTreatment SystemHP INTENSIFIER

NOZZLEASSEMBLY

ORIFICE

WATERJET

NOZZLE

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Waterjet

HP WATER

HYDRAULIC OIL

LP WATER

TOPWORK CONSUMABLESON/OFF VALVE

Electric Motor & Hydraulic Power Pack

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Abrasive Waterjet

ABRASIVE FEEDER

NOZZLE

ON/OFF VALVETOPWORK CONSUMABLES

Electric Motor & Hydraulic Power Pack

HP WATER

HYD. OIL

LP WATER

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Abrasive

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Abrasive Consumption

Nozzle SizeOptimal

Abrasive RateMaximum

Abrasive Rate

Practical Abrasive Mesh

Size

7/21 0.3 lb/min 0.4 lb/min120, 150, 180,

200

10/30

9/300.75 lb/min 1.0 lb/min 80, 100, 120

14/43

13/431.3 lb/min 1.5 lb/min 50, 65, 80

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Abrasive

What is abrasive?

What is mesh size?

What type of abrasive is common?

What is the pricing of abrasive?

Is abrasive recyclable?

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Garnet

Hard Rock, abrasive that is mined in a quarry– Faster cutting because of sharper, more angular edges.– High Purity garnet, less dust and clogging issues.– Used in for precision and best edge quality

Alluvial, abrasive that is found on the bottom of river beds– Cost control solution– Less precise– Generally slower cut speeds and rougher edge

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Dynamic Waterjet vs. Standard Waterjet

Very Expensive

High Maintenance

Software issues

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Sizing

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Orifice Size Vs Horsepower, 60,000 PSI

Orifice Size 15 HP 30 HP 50 HP 60 HP 75 HP 100 HP 150 HP 200 HP

0.005 2 4 7 8 10 14 21 28

0.007 1 2 3 4 5 7 10 14

0.009   1 2 2 3 4 6 8

0.010   1 1 2 2 3 5 7

0.011     1 1 2 2 4 5

0.012     1 1 1 2 3 4

0.013     1 1 1 2 3 4

0.014       1 1 1 2 3

0.015         1 1 2 3

0.016         1 1 2 2

0.017           1 1 2

0.018           1 1 2

0.019           1 1 1

0.020             1 1

0.021             1 1

0.022             1 1

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Horsepower & Pump Capacity?

55 ksi Operating Pressure

Orifice 30 HP 50 HP 75 HP 100 HP

0.007” 2 4 6 8

0.010” 1 2 3 4

0.014” - 1 - 2

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Waterjet Advantages

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Why Waterjet?

Cold Cutting Process

No heat affected zone

No distortion or mechanical stresses

No dross or melting

No fumes, environmentally friendly

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Why Waterjet?

No special tooling, minimal or no setup

Minimal kerf width & maximum material utilization

Rapid prototyping, programming

Minimal or no burr & quality surface finish

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Why Waterjet?

Versatile and Flexible Process

Metals & exotic materials such as Titanium

Highly reflective, thermal conductive materials & polished materials. Aluminum, Brass, Copper & Galvanized Steel

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Titanium Alloy..

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Brass.. SS.. Aluminum..

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Why Waterjet?

Versatile and Flexible Process

Marble, granite, ceramic tiles & glass

Fiberglass, composites & laminates

Etc….

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Stone.. Glass..

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Waterjet Parameters

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Key Parameters?

Operating pressure

Abrasive: flow rate, type & mesh size

Standoff distance

Cut rate; AWJ a single parameter process

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

AWJ: Avg. Operation Cost?

The hourly cost to run an AWJ machine starts commonly at $17 plus per single nozzle

2/3 of cost is in abrasive

1/3 of cost is in rest of consumables: utilities, nozzle, and intensifier unit

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Facts: Waterjet Tolerances?

Taper control works best with thick metals

AWJ practical tolerances, +/- 0.003” plus

Tight tolerances are expensive to hold

Critical: Motion equipment, work envelope

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Edge Quality

Coarse Medium Fine Extra Fine

Edge quality is a function of speed, pressure, nozzle size and abrasive flow rate

Striation marks are the bend in the stream

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Edge Quality

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Edge Quality

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Facts about Waterjet?

Optimum cut rate is not maximum cut rate

Generally, AWJ is NOT linear process

AWJ is messy and aggressive process

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Waterjet vs. Others

AWJ EDM Laser Plasma Gas

Thickness + + + - + + + +

Cut Rate - - - + + + + +

Surface Finish + + + + + - - -

Heat Affected Zone + + + + - - - -

Environment Safety + + - - - - - - - -

Material Flexibility + + - + - - - -

Secondary Operation + + + + - - -

Operation Cost - + - + + +

Capital Investment 100% 60% 200% 80% 40%

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Motion Equipment

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

XY Tables: Mechanics

Belt Drives +/- 0.010”

Rack & Pinion +/- 0.005”

Ball Screw (Ground/Rolled) +/- 0.003”

Linear Drives (High Speed New Technology)

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Controllers

Dedicated

– Allen Bradley, Fanuc, Mitsubishi, Num….– Expensive, reliable, repeatable, closed architecture 40 – 50k

PC Based: Open architecture & inexpensive 10-20k

– Open architecture & inexpensive 10 - 20k– Dedicated to Manufacturer

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Motion Precision

Positional Accuracy– Per foot or per axis– Linear per single axis– Dynamic per dual axis

Repeatability

Tolerance (applied only to finished part)

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

XY Motion Configuration

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

XYZ Motion Configuration

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Waterjet Practicalities

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Feasibility Questions

Material WJ or AWJ

Existing Method & Process

Justification & Why WJ

Primary/Secondary Operation

Cycle Time Concern

Programming Method

Parts Small vs. Large

Material Stacking

Sheet Metals

Loading/Unloading

Production, Dedicated or Job Shop

# of Shifts

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Feasibility Questions

Pump Capacity, # Cutting Heads

Pump Location

Water Quality

Abrasive Reclamation

Zero Discharge Closed Loop System

Part Tolerance

Sheet Sizes

Tank/Bed Type

Abrasive Type & Mesh Size

Site Planning

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Application Limitations & Practical Considerations

Line Speed

Material Support & Handling

Automation & Fixtures

Moisture Retention

Abrasive Migration

Staining

Extrusions

Castings

Wafers & Shim Stock

Ceramics & Carbides

Gumminess

Microscopic Abrasive Adhesion

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Non-Compelling Application

Extrusions

Layered non-homogeneous material

Tempered Glass

Tubes

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Terminology

Burr

Delamination

Frosting

Taper

Fraying

Frost Piercing

Kerf

Striations

Rooster Tail/ Stream Lag

Splash Back

Corners & Curves

Practical Thickness & Limitations

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Supply Water Quality

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

Water Quality Standards

CATEGORYMINIMU

M BETTER BEST

 

ALKALINITY (MG/L) 50 25 10

CALCIUM (MG/L) 25 5 0.5

IRON (AS Fe) (MG/L) 0.2 0.1 0.01

MAGNESIUM (AS Mg) (MG/L) 0.5 0.1 0.1

MANGANESE (AS Mn) (MG/L) 0.1 0.1 0.1

pH (SU) 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5

SILICA (MG/L) 15 10 1

TDS (MG/L) *** 200 100 5

HARDNESS (AS CaCO3) (MG/L) 25 15 1

KMT US Inc. - KMT Waterjet

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