Post on 01-May-2020
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IIieBHKOß) HBJIHeTCH nepe^OBblM, C03HaTejIbHbIM, 0 praHH30B3HHbiM otphäom paßoqero Kviacca Hawefi CTpaHbl, I10JIHTHlieCKHM BOJKiieM Bcex TpyAHLUHXCHCCCP.
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ho häSt no nyTH, yKa3aHHOMy napTHefi 6 ojibiueBH- kob, OKpy>KaeT ee 6e3rpaHHHHOH jnoöoBbio. llap - thh no^b3yeTCH b Hapo^e rpoMa^HbiM aBTopHTeTOM. 3 to nc>TOMy, qro napTHH JleHHHa — Cia jinna ne HMeeT Apyrnx HHTepecoB, KpoMe HHTepecoB Hapoaa.
B cboh pH^bi napTHH npHHHMaeT Hanöojiee ne- peAOBbix, HaHÖojiee co3HaTejibHbix jhoäch H3 pa-
öcmero Kjiacca, KpecTbHHcrBa h cobctckoh HHTe*!*
jinreiiuHH. HapTHfl npeAi>Hb'.ineT BbicoKHe Tpe6 o-
bshhh ko BceM >Ke.jiaioinHM BCTynHTb b ee pHßbl,
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f. IÜHTapea
naprHH. O a h h h h3 ßa>KHejiiiiHx cpenCTB raKOil
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KaH^HÄarcKHH CTa>K äjih BCTynaiomHx b öojib-
ineBHCTCKyio napTHio 6biJi ycTaHOBJieH Ha VIII Bce-
POCCHHCKOH napTHHHOH KOH(|)epeHUHH, KOTOpaH CO-
CTOHJiacb b Hiaqajie ÄeKaöpn 1919 rofla. XI o 3Toro
Ka>KÄbifi, kto Äejiaji BCTymHTb b Hamy napTHio h
Karo napTHH npn3naBa.na aoctohhum öbiTb b ee
pH^ax, npHHHMajicH cpa3y b MjieHbi napTHH.
ycTaß. PKn(6)— Haina napTHH Tor^a em e Ha3bi-
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(ÖOJlbUieBHKOB),— npHlHHTblH VIII napTHH-HOH KOH(f)e-
peHUHefi,'B-nepBbie coßepjKaji yKa3a-HHe Ha to, hto
HOBbie HJieHbl npHHIHMaiOTCH H3 MHCJia KaHßiHßaTOB.
Pa3Äeji « O Kan^HjuaTax b tuieubi napTHH» o n p e a e -
jihji Ha3HaqeHHe h cpoKH KaH^HÄaTCKoro CTawa,
nopn^oK npneMa b KaH^H^aTbi h t. ä.
C qeM >«e öbijio CBH33HO BBezteuHe KaH^H^aT-
CKoro CTajKa? FIo^eMy napTHH npH3Ha;ia neo6xo-
ÄHMbIM yCTBHOBHTb KaH^H^aTCKHH CT3JK ßJIH BCeX
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xoth 6 u kopotko cK33aTb o nojio>KeHHH mmePi
napran do h nocAe Bcjihkoh OKTHÖpbcKOH couroa-
JIHCTH4eCKOH peBOJIIOHMH H 0 TOÄ OÖCT3HOBKe, B
kotopoh npHuuiocb napTHH paßoTaTb b Te^eHHe
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BJI3CTH.
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naxoAH^scb b rio^novibe. LI,apcKoe npaB*HTejibCTBO
2
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Öo^biiieBHCTCKOH napTH«, npHHaÄJie>KHocTb k nevi
Kapajiacb riopeMHbiM saK^iioqeHHew, ccw^koä, Ka-
Toprofi, paccTpe.naMH. floaTOMty bcio cboio paöoTy no
nojiHTHMecKOMy BoenHTaHHK) h opraHH3au,HH paöoqe-
ro o a c c a , no n < w 0T 0B K e ero k peuiHitejibHOMy urryp-
My caMOÄepjKaBHH öoJibineBHKH b«jih HejieraJibHo.
rioHHTHO, m o HJieHCTBo b 6oJibuieBHCTCKoft nap-
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k 6o€boh peBOjnouHiOHHOH nspTHH paöonero KJiaCCa.
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TOTOB ÖblJI OTA3Tb BCe CBOH CHJlbl, 3H3HHH, 3 eCJlH
noTpeßyeTCH, t o h >KH3Hb ÄCJiy ocßo6o>KÄeHHfl Tpy«
ÄHWHXCH.
«JTioäh wjhh Ha Bce, höo hx BOOAymeB^ajia H ^e n
KOMM>yHH3Ma...
K a K uapH 3M hh 3BepcTBOBaji, KaK oh hh pacnpas-
jihjich c 6ojibUieBHK3MH, Beer,na H3 H3 pO£a, B oco-
öeHiHOCTH H3 paöcmero KJtacca, bwxoähjth Bce HOBbie
H HOBbie ÖOpUbl, BCTynSBIIIHe B KOMMyHHCTH^eCKyiO
nSpTHIO, He CTpsmaCb TpyAHOCTH 6 opb6 w, He CTp3*
mach noTepH co6crBeHHofi >kh3hh bo hmh Wien, bo
hmh noöe^bi xejia H spo^a»
B 3THX yC^OBHHX BbipOCJia H 3aK3JIHJiaCb Ta
rpynna npo^eccHOHajibHbix peBOjiiounoHepoß bo
1 KaAimmi, O napTHÜHO-MaccoBoft paGore, rocno;mT- H3AaT, 1944, CTp, 16.
1* 3
rjiaBe c JlemiHbiM h CTajimibiM, KOTopaa cocTa-
BJIHJia OCHOBHOe HÄPO ÖOJlbUieBHCTCKOH n a pTH h na
npoTH>KeEHH ee n o m « 15:jieTHeß noAnojibHon ß.en-
Te.lbHOCTH H KOTOpyK) JleHHH BnOOJieACTBHH Ha3Baji
«CTapofl napTHßnoH rBapAHeß».
5?pKoe npeAcraBJieuHe o tom, KaKOH thfi peBOJiio- UHOnepa-öojibiueBHKa, noßnojibuuHKa BOcnHTbiBajia
h BbipamHBajia Hauia napTHH, aaeT Bbm,ep>KKa H3
AHeBHHKa OÄHOrO H3 Öoeßbix COpaTHHKOB JleHHHa H
CiajiHHa, KpHcrajibHOH mhctoth qejiOBeKa, nepBoro
npeÄceziaTejiH BMK 4>. 3 . ZUepwHHCKoro. 3aiuiio-
MeHHbiö uapcKHM npaBHTejibCTBOM b Tio.pbMy nocjie
nopa>KeHHH peßojiiouHH 1905 ro^a, Haxo^ncb b
o/ihho^hoh KaMepe, onopBaHHbiH ot Äpy3efi h 6jih3-
KHX, ü,3epjKMHCKHH nncaji B CBOeM ^HeBHHKe:
«3,necb, b TiopbMe, q a d o öbmaeT thäcjto, no
BpeMeHaM flaxce cTpaiuiio... H tcm He Menee, ecjw
6w MHe npeACTOHjio HanaTb >KH3iib cbi3H0Ba, h na- naji 6bi TaK, KaK Haqaji. H He no AOJiry, He no
o6a3annocTH. 3 to äjih MeHH — opraHHqecKan ne-
OÖXOÄHMOCTb.
TiopbMa. CAejiajia m n b K o t o , m to Äejio erajio äjih
MeHH qeM-TO omyTHMbiM, peajibHbiM, KaK a ^ h MaTepn
peöeHOK, bcj<opMiJieh h bifi n;i0Tbj0 ee h KpoBbio»
B 3thx cjiOBax «pKQ BbipaweHa >Kejie3HaH bojih,
6e33a.BeTHaH npe^aHHoerrb Ae^y napTHH npotpec-
CHOHajia-peBOjHOUHOHepa.
Tot, kto rneji b to BpeMH b napraio, npenpacno
C03HaBa.l BejIHKHe TpyßHOCTH peBOJIIOUHOHHOH
6opb6bI, OTqeTJIHBiO nOHHM3JI BCe OnaCHOCTH, CBH-
3aHHbie c BCTyn'vieHHe.M b öojibineBHCTCKyio nap-
THK), 3HajI. HTO OH pHCKyeT BCeM: ceMbÖH, >KH3HbK).
B 3TOM öbijia rapaHTHH o t npoHHKiioBeHHH b napiHio
ueco3HaTejibHbix h neycTOMHHBbix JiioßeH. 3 t o 6wjio
1 >Kypnaji <<napTiiönoe CTp0HTejibCTB0>> JV° 23—24 3a 1940 r.
4
b H 3BecTHoft M epe eciecTBeHHbiM 3 ajioroM Tuepiio-
CTH H MHCTOTbl pH ^OB ÖOJIblUeBHCTCKOH napTH H , 9TOÖ
KpenocTU , no Bbipawennio T O B ap m u a CTajiHHa,
£ BepH KOTOpOH OTKpblBaiOTCH JIHIUb AJIVI ÄOCTOHHblX.
riocjie OKTHÖpbCKOH peBOjnomiH napTHH öojibine-
bhkob CTajia He TOjibKO JierajibHoö, ho h npaBHine#,
cflHiicTBeHHOH nojiHTHMecKOH napTiien b CTpaHe.
riOAHHB paßo^HX H ÖeAHeHULiee KpeCTbHHCTBO Ha
counajiHCTHiiecKyio peBOJiiounio, napTim oöecneqH.na
noße^y peBOjnouHH h crajia y BaacrM. Hapn/iy c
weCTHblMH COBeTCKHMH JIIOÄbMH, KOTOpbie IUHH B
napTHIO, MTOÖbl B ÖOpbÖe C BHyTpeHHHMH H BHeui-
hhmh 'BparaMH oTCTaHBaTb MOJiOAoe CoßeTCKoe ro-
cyÄapcTBO, b napTHio ycTpeM H/iHCb My)KÄbie ajie-
MeHTbl, HCKaBlUHe BbirOÄbl OT npHHa^Jie/KHOCTH k
npaBHiuefl napTHH, h TaKHe jhoäii, KOTopbie npn
hhjihmhh b CTpaHe MejiKo6yp>Kya3Hbix h 6yp>Kya3-
Hbix napTHH MorjiH 6bi 0Ka3aTbcn b hx jiarepe.
FIoHBHJiacb cepbe3Han onacHoeTb npoBHKHOBeHHH
b pnßbi napTHH jiiofleii cjiyqanHbix, He äoctohhmx
BbIC0K0r0 3B3HHH KOMMyHHCTa.
flapTHH He Morjia He ynHTbiBaTb Bcex onacno-
CTeft, CBH3aHHtix c HanjibiBOM b ee pHÄbi HeycroH-
MHBblX, CJIVMaHHblX, a TO H np H M O qy>KÄbix sjic-
m chtob. B nepßbie Äßa ro,na cym ecT BO B aH H H cobct-
ckoh ßjiaCTH ycjioBHH h nop H Ä OK n p n e M a B napTHK)
0CTaBajiHCb npejKHHMH . M ojioß aH C o B eT C K an pec-
nyöjiHKa. b CMeprejibHOH c x B ara e c CHJiaMH kohtp-
peB0Jii0 u.HH OTCTaiiBajia BejiHKHe 3 aBoeBaHH H Ok-
THÖpn. He ycneBajiai OHa p a 3ÖHTb ©para Ha oähom.
t|)poHTe, KaK B03HHKaji Äpyroft 4>poHT, noK a BCH
CTpana He oKasajiacb ib o n ie im o M KOJibue, OKpy-
>KeHHan co Bcex CTopon B paraM H , peiu^BiuHM H 3 a-
AVUiHTb nepßoe b Miipe Coß eTCK oe rocyziapcTBO'.
B 3THX yCJIOBHHX napTHH COCpeÄOTOHHJia Bce
cps)H ciijibi Ha oöopoHe coseTCKOH pecnyÖJiHKH,
2 r. LUHrapeB 5
OHa npoBOAHJia napTHHHbie Mo(5HJiH3auHH, 6bicTpo
oöyqajia BoeHnoMy Aejiy cboh KaApw h öpocajia hx
fta (})pomT. H epe^KH ßbuiH cjiyqaH, KorAa Ha (|)poHT
b MHHyTy caMoö ocipoft onacHocTH yxoAHAH ue-
Jibie napTHHHbie opraHH3au'HH. Bce 6bv\o noA1™*
ne ho QCHOBHoß h rjiaBHofi 3aAaqe — oöopone
Crpaubi CoBeioB. B ato cypoBoe h reponqecKoe
BpeMH npe^aHHocTb, HAefiHocib q/iena napTHH npo-
Bepajiacb b 6ohx 3a cymecrBOBaune MOJiOAofi co- BercKOH BJiacTH. O t Ka>KAoro BCTynaiomero b ee
paAbi napTHH TpeÖ0Ba;ia caMofi 9HeprH*iHofi paÖoTbi,
npejKAe Bcero b uejie BOopysceHHofl 3amHTbi Co-
BeTCKOÖ pecnyßjlHKH. IlOHflTHO, 4TO B TaKoff 06-
daHOBKe TOJibKo jiymuHe, nepejuoBbie jiioah H3 pa-ÖOqiHX, KpeCTbHH H HHTeJIJIHreHUHH LUJ1H B IiapTHlO.
K KOHuy 1919 roAa b rpaxcAawcKoft b o h h c Ha- crynnji KQpeHHofl nepe^OM. Äbho oöo3HaqHJica pa3-
rpOM OCHOBHblX CHA BHyTpeHHeß H MeJKAynapOAHOH
KOHTppeBO.lIOUHH, ÖpOHieHHMX npOTHB CoaeTCKOH
pecnyÖJiHKH. BejiorBapAeftcKiie apMimi ÄeHHKHHa
CTpeMüTejibHO oTCTynajiH o t TyAbi, apMHH K)Ae-
HHqa — ot üeTporpaAa. H TorAa napraH, cjieAya
yK33aiiHHM JleHHHa, npHHHJia pHA Mep k t o m % qTO-
6bi npeAynpeAHTb npoHHKHOBeHHe b napTHio HeAO-
CTOHHblX H HeyCTOHqHBblX JllOAefi. riapTHH nOBbl-
CHJia TpeöoBaTejibHOCTb k BCTynaiomHM b ee pHAbi.
BßeAeHHe KaHÄHAarcKoro cTan<a 6bu/io KpyrmeH>
iueft opraHH3auHOHHOH Mepofl napTHH, HanpaBJieH-
h o ö k oßecneqeHHio npneMa b paAbi napTHH TOJib-
ko nepeAOBbix, co3HaTejibHbix h npoßepeHHbix jik>-
Aefi h 3 paßoqHX, KpecTbHH h TpyAOBOH hhtcjijih-
reHUHH.3 t o t o nypaAKa npn npneMe h o b h x qjieHOB nap-
^THH HeH3MeHHO npHA^p>KHBaeTCH B TeqeHHC 25 AßT
CBoew AesiTejibHocTH nocjie yciaHOBJieHHH c o b c t -
CKOft BAaCTH.
6
3 a 3to BpeMn y c ia B BKn(6) noABepra/icn 0 6 -
cy^AeHHio h H3MeHeHHK> iua pane napTHÄHbix CT>e3* äod. H3MeHHjica h pa3Aeji ycTaßa o KanÄH^aTax b HJieirw napTHH. B Ä eficrB y io iueM ' HhiHe ycT a ß e
BKF1(6), npHHJiTOM XVIII napraftHbiM c^es^oM,
3XOT pa3^eji rjiaciHT:
«Bce Jimxa, Ä&naiOLUHe BCTynuTb b napt.Hio,
iipoxo^fir KaiiAH^aTCKHii cTaJK, HeoöxozuiMbift ÄJin
Toro, HTOöbi 03H3K0MHTbCH Kan;umaTy c nporpaM-
moft, ycTapoM, TaKTHKoft napTHH h oÖecne^HTb
napropraHH3au>HH npoeepKy Jimmbix fraqectb KaH-
ÄH^ara.
...n o p H A O K npneM a b KaHAHÄä'rt»! (HHAHBHAyajib-
Hbifi npHeM, npeÄCTaBjieHHe peKOMOHAaiiHH h h x
npoßepKa, peweHine nepBHHHoii opraHH^auHH 0 npneMe h ero yTBepjKaeiwe) coBepmeHHo t o t ace,
m o npH npHSwe b »uieHbi -napTHH. j
...KaHAHAaTCKHft ciaac ycTanaBJnmaeTCH c p o k o m b
o ä h h t o a .
...KaHAHjxaTbi b HJieHbi napTHH npHHHMaiOT y^a-
CTHe Ha COÖpaHHHX TOH O praH H 3 aUHH, B KOTOpOH
ohh coctoht, c npaBOM cOBemaTejibHoro rc u o c a .
...KaHAHAaTbl B MJieHbl napTHH njiaTHT OÖbUJHbiÜ
q^eHCK*HH B3HOC B Kaccy MecTHoro napTHÖHoro ko-
MHT6T3».
II
TaKHM 0 Öpa30M, «asHaueHHe KaH^H/iaTCKoro
CTa>Ka, KaK 3toHBCTByeT H3 ycTaßa B K n ( 6 ),co-
ctoht npe^KAe Bcero b t o m , *rro6 bi 3a BpeMH fipo*
xo^.aenHH cTa>Ka KaHÄHßaT 03HaK0MHJicn c npo-
rpaMMOfi, yCTÜBOM H TaKTHKOH napTHH.
riepBbiM yc;ioBHeM qjieHCTBa b napTHH miaercn
npusHCiHue npo<rpaMMbi napTHH, H3jiaraK>meft ee
2* 7
ßjiHJKaiuiiHe h KOHe^Hbie uejin, k .nocTHJKeHHio ko*
TOpblX CTpeMHTCH napTHa.
BojibuieBHCTCKan n a p T H H e c T b n a p T H H 6opb6bi, napTHH, K O T o p a n ne m a b K o n p 0B 03rjiamaeT kohcm-
Hbi^ uejiH, h o h Ö o p e T C H 3a h x ocymecTBJieHHe:
«3HaqHT, kto x o q e T ßbiTb HjieHOM Hauieft nap
THH, nacaji T O B a p n m Ctsjihh e m e b 1905 roAy,-1-
T O T He M OJKeT AOBO J I b C T B O B a T b C H n p H H H T H e M npO-
rpaMMHblX, T3KTHHeCKHX H OpraHH3aUHOHHbIX B3 IV1H-
ä o b warnen n a p T H H h Aonyaen iB3H T b c n 3a o c y w e c T -
BjieHHe 3t h x B3FJIHÄOB, 3a npoße,neHHe H X ß
« fO H b »1.
3 t o TpeöoBaHHe 3aKpenjieH0 b ycTaBe BKn{6):
«criapTHH rpeöyeT ot cbohx qjieHOB aKTHBHoft h
caMOOTBepJKeHHOÄ paöoTbi no ocymecTBJieHHio
nporpaMM'bi h ycTaßa napTHH, BbinoJiHeHHio Bcex
pemeHHß napTHH h ee opraHOB».
Htoöm aK W B H o ÖopoTbCH 3a ocymecTB^eHHe
B3rjiHÄ0ß napTHH, na^o hcho co3HaßaTb, 3a mto
ßopeTCH napTHH.
I7'pejlCTaBHM ceße KOMM'yHHCTS, KOTOpblH HCKpeHH'e
xö'ieT 6biTb no.ne3HbiM napTHH, yqacTBOßaTb b
ee 6opb6e, ho He 3Haer ue^eß h 33ä3*i, Koropbie
CT3BHT nepeA COÖOH napTHH. Po/Ib TaKOrO KOMMy-
HHCTa HeH36eH<H0 6y.neT maccHBHoß, oh He cmojkct
Ö.jfifylHQ# Mepe H C MaKCHMajlbHOH n0Jlb30H pa6o-
TaTb ääh aejia napran. Oähmm cjiobom, He^ocTa-
TOMHO ÖblTb Cep^UeM 3a TI3pTHK>, HaÄO ÖblTb 3a
napTHK) H C03H3HHeM. flCHOe C03H3HHe TOTO, *ITO
ßopeiübCH 33 K0MMyHH3M, 3a cqacTJiHßoe öy/iymee
JIIOAefi, yMHO>K3eT CHJIbl.
Ecjih nporp3MM>a onpe^ejineT KOHe^Hbie uejin h
OÖlUHe 3a£3HH n3pTHH, TO yCTaB — (J)OpMbI Op-
1 «Jlenitu h CrajwH o napTHfiHOM crpoHTejibCTBei», t, I, rocnoJiHTH3aaT, 1941, CTp. 469.
8
raHH3ai;HH. Ycraß — sto ochobhoh 33koh napTHH.'
B h§m roßopincH, hto Tanoe napTHH, kto m oäct
öbiTb »uieHOM naprHH, KaK ctpohtch napTHHHbie op-
raHH3aUHH, KaKOBbI B3aHM>OOTHlOUjeHHH Me>KAy HHM'H
h t. a. ycTaa H3^araer nopHAOK npneMa b KaHAH-
AaTbi h b qjieHbi napTHH, npaBa qjieHOB napTH'.i,
HX OÖH3aHHOCTH.
B ycTaBe t o b o p h t c h o Mepax B3bicKaHnß, npHMe-
naeMbix napTHefi b OTHOiueHHH c b o h x opraHH3auHH
h q^eHOB, HapyiuaiomHx napTHÖHyio AHCUHiuiHHy.
H a CTpo>KaHiiieM coÖ-moAeniHH ycTaßa, BbinoAHe-
h h h Bcex ero TpeöoBaHHH ocHOBbiBaeTCn a h c u h -
njiHHa b napTHH. Hapym eHHe ycTaßa ecTb Hapyme-
HHe TpeÖOBaHHH 0 CCMÖAIOAeHHH napTHHHIOH AHCUlH-
HJIHHbl. SHa^HT, qTOÖbl BbinOJIHHTb yCTaB, pyKOBOA- CTBOBaTbCH B CBOeft ACHTejIbHOCTH ero TpeÖOBaHiH-
HMH, KaHAHAaT AOA>KeH ÖblTb 3H3KOM C yCTaBOM, Q
nop«AKaMH, KOTopbie ycTaHOBJieHbi b napTHH.
Bo3bMeM TaKoft npocTOH npHMiep. YcTaß Tpeöyer,
MTOÖbl HJieHbl H K3 HAH A3 Tbl ' napTHH OKGMeCHMHO
ynjiaHHBajiH napTHHHbie b3hocm h noceinajw nap-
THftHbie coßpaHHH. 3 t o — sjieMeHTapHoe Tpeöoßa-
HHe, caMO coöoh pa3yMeiomeecH h nocTeneHHO, no
Mepe ripeßbiBaHHH qejioßeKa b .napnHH, npeBpamaio-
meecH o iipHBbmKy. Ho HepeAKo KaHAHAaT, moao*
aoh naprHH, He 3HaeT sthx TpeßoBaHHH h Ha-
pyina^T ycTaß: HecßoeßpeMeHHo yryiaHHBaeT qAen-
CKne ^3HÖcbi, Hepery;mp,Ho nocemaeT napTHHHbie
coöpaHHH h t . a . HHorAa KaHAHAaT paccy>KAaeT
T3KHM o6pa3C>Mi: «Hy, noAyMaeuib, Kaxan Ba>KHOCTb,
m o h HecBoeBpeMteHHo ynjiaTHJi B3«ocbi, He noce-
THJI OAHO-ABa COÖpaHHH, BeAb B KOMLie KOHUOB H
>K6 H B3HOCbI 33nA3THA H Ha COÖpaHHe npHIIieA».
TaKOMy KaHAHAaiy hjih qjieHy napTHH o^eHb no-
Ae3HIO 3H3'Tb H 33nOMHHTb CJieAyKMUHft TiyHKT yCTaBa,
b k o t o p o m CKa3aHo: «H^ieHbi napTHH h KaHArf*
9
Rü t h , b TeqeHHe Tpex MecnueB He yruiaTHBiiiHe
6es yßa>KHTejibHbix npnqHH qjieHCKHx b3hocob, chh-
TSiOTCH BblÖbJBIIIHMH H3 napTHH...»
FIoqeMy napTHH rax crasHT Bonpoc, Ka3 aJiocb’
6w, o HeÖojibinoM' npocTynice, coBepuiaeMQM kom*
MiyH'HCTOM? Xoporno no aTOMiy noBo^y cKa3aJi
M . H . Ka^HHHH b CBoefi peqn, oöpameHnoft k nap-
THHWblM pa^OTHHKaM 'MoCKBbi:
«B h camh noHHMaeTe, qTO ecjiH npocpoqHTb
B3HOCbI B papTHK) Ha M€CfJU H ÄBa, ÄJIH napTHH
9to cym ecföeH iHoro 3HaqeHHH «M en » ne ßy^eT, o t sroro eö AeHeHCHan Kacca He nocTpa,naeT. Hama
r.- napriiH — Tenepb He ße^Han napTHH... H e b stom Äe-no. A ac jio b tom, qTO ecjiH bw He bhochtö napTHÖHblX B3HOCOB CBOeBpeMeHHO, TO 3T0 3H3MHT,
HTO Bbl HG ÄyM'aeTe 0 napTHH, qTO Bbl K napTHÖHblM
oÖHsaHHocfHM OTHocHTecb cnycTH pyKaBa. T o t me,
KTO « napTHflHblMi OÖH3aHHOCTHM, fla eine K T3XHM
npocTbiM, CTporo 0praHH3auH0HHbiM, Kax BHeceHHe
napTHHHblX B3HOCOB, OTHOCHTCH T3KHM 0Öpa30M,—
y ro ro , 3HaqHT, napTHH » e ch ^h t rjiyöoKp. Be^b t o t , k to ÄyMaeT o napTHH, äjih Toro BHeceHHe napTHÖHblX 63HOCOB — yflOBOJIbCTBHe, nOTOMy qTO
3THM OH K3K 6bl •yCTaHaBJTHBaeT M3TepHaJIbHyiO
CBH3b C TiapTHefi, K3K ÖyflTO 6bl K Heft npHKa-
oaeTCH»1.
0 3 H3KOMuieHHe KaHÄHÄaTa c ycTaaoM napTHH,
SHamie e ro ocuoBHbix no;io>KeHHS HMeeT h flp yry io ciröpoHy — omo HeoöxoÄHMoe ycjioBHe 3 kthbhoh,
njiOÄOTßopHoft .neHTejibHocTH KaHflHÄsra b nepHOÄ
npoxo^ÄßHiHH KSH^HflaTCKoro CTa>K3 . Bce 0ÖH3aH- hocth qjieHOB napTHH, oöycjiOB/ieHHbie ycTaBOM», b
nojinoH Mepe othochtch h k K 3 hähä3T3 m b qjieHbi
1 Küauuuh, HecK0JibK0 cjiob o nponaranae h aniTaumi, rocnoJiHTH3AaT, 1944, CTp. 11— 12.
10
napTHH. TaK w<e KaK h q/ien napTHH, KaHAHAaT
o^H3nn:
«a) neycTanHO paßoTaTb naA noBbiiuemieM cßoen
C03HaTeJlbH0CTH, H3A ycßoenHeM OCHOB MapKOH3M3-
jieHHHH3\iia;
6) co6.iK>AaTb CTpojKanme napTHHHyfo AHCijHn-
JIHHy, aKTHBHO yMaCTBOBaTb B nOJIHTHHeCKOH >KH3HH
napTHH h dpaHbi, npoBOAHTb Ha npaKTHKe nojni-
THKy napTHH h peuiewHH napTHHtibix opranoß;
b) ßbirb 0Öpa3U0M coö/noAeHHH TpyAOßOH h ro-
CyAapCTBeHHOH AHCUHnJIHHbl, OB^aAeBaTb TeXHHKOH
CBoero Ae^a, nenpepbiBHo noBbimaa c b o io npOH3-
BOACTB€HHyiO, AeJlOByiO KBa,lH4)HKaUHK);
r) n0BceAHeBH0 yKpenAHTb CBH3b c MaccaMH,
CB0eBpeM>eHH0 OTKJiHKaTbca Ha 3anpocbi h Hy>KAbi
TpyA«UU,HXCH, pa31>HCHHTb ßeCnapTHHHblM MßCCaM
CMbIC.fi nOAHTHKH h petueuHH napTHH».
JXOJIJKGH JIH 3HaTb KaHAHAaT 3TH OÖH3aHHOCTH?
OÖH3aTeJlbHO, HÖO OH AOJI>KeH HMH pyKOBOACTBO-
BaTbCH b cßoen noßceAHeBHoft npsKTHqecKofi pa-
6oie .
napTHH HMeeT CBOIO COÖCTBeHHyiO TaKTHXy, T. e.
cnocoöbi, npneMbi ßopbßbi 3a AocTHJKeHHe naMeqen-
Hbix uejieß h ocymecTB^eHHe nocTaßjiemHbix 3aAaq.
TaKTHKa napTHH pa3;iHqHa Ha pa3Hbix aTanax Aen-
Te^IbHOCTH, 0H3 33BHCHT OT TOH KOHKpCTHOH OßCTa-
HOBKH, B KOTOpOH napTHH npHXOAHTCH AefiCTBOB3Tb.'
Gßoe Bbipa^euHe 0 Ha h ö x o a h t b peuieuHnx h upH«
3bißax napTHH, b npoaeAeHHH pa3AHqHbix opra«H3a-
UHOHlHblX H nOvlHTHqeCKHX MeponpHHTHH. KaHAH-
AaTbi b q/ieHbi naprHH a o j ij k h m ßbiTb 3H3kom im c
TaKTHKofl napTHH, qTOÖbi 3HaTb, kük napTHH ßopeT-
c h 3a BbinojineHHe oqepeAHbix 3aAaq.
O3H3K0MjieHHe c nporpaMMofi h ycTaßOM nap
THH— 9t o Te neoßxoAHMbie Tpcßoß3HHH b oßjiacTH
noJiHTHqecKoß noAroTOBKH, KOTopbie npeATiHB-
11
ithiotch KaiiÄHÄary 3a bpgmh npoxo>K;ieHHH ksn-
ÄH^aTCKoro cTa>Ka. 3 to to, 6e3 qero KaH.a,H#aT
napTHH ne mojkct cqnraTb ceön n0Är0T0B.JieHHbito k
BCTynjienHio b qjieHM napTHH, a napTHH He M ow er
CMHTarb B03M0>KHbIM npHHHTb KaHßHÄaTa B q/ieubl
napTHH.KaKHM ?Ke 06pa30M Kan/tH^aT m o j k o t 03HaK0-
MHTbCH c nporpaMMOH h ycTaBOM napTHH?
B o M H O r H X napTHHHblX opraHH3an,HHX C03ÄaF0TCH
cnen.HajibHbie Kpy>KKH n o H 3yqeHHK) nporpaMMbi h
ycTa'Ba napTHH. O h h paccqHTaHbi n p e H M y m e c T B e H i i o
H a T ex TOBapHineft, K 0T0pbie H e ß o c T a T o q u o no/iro-
TOBJieHbl K TOMy, qTOÖbl C a M O C T O H T e J I b H O p a 30- 6 p a T b C H b o Bcex Bonpocax, C B H 3aHHbix c H3yqe-
HHeM nporpaMMbi h ycTaBa. Te >Ke TOBapnmH, koto-
pbie HMeiOT HaBbIKH C a M O C T O H T e j I b H O r O H T e H H H II
HeKOTOpbie nojiHTHqecKHe 3HaHHH, M O i y r 03HaK0- M H T b C H c. nporpaMMOH h y c T a B O M b n o p H Ä K e caMO-
CTOHTeJlbHOH paÖOTbl, K O H C y J I bTHpyHCb BCHKHft p a 3, K o r a a BCTpeqaioTCH Te hjih HHbie He n o H H T H b i e
Bonpocbi, 'v c e K p e T a p H n a p T 0p r a H H 3au,HH, b napT-
KaßuHe're, y n p o n a r a H A H C T O B h npocro y HsnßüJiee^
rpaMOTHblX B n O J I H T H H e C K O M O T H O U i e H H H qjieHOB
napTHH. H e 3a B H C H M O ot Toro, b K p y > K K e hjih ca- MOCTOHTejIbHO K 3H Ä H Ä a T 3H 3K 0M H T C H C n p O T p a M M O H
h y c T a B O M , cjieflyeT n o c e m a T b jickuhh, o p r a H H 3ye- Mbie äjih KaH/umaTOB no BonpocaM nporpaMMbi h
y c T a B a napTHH. JIckuhh noMoryT KaH/iHnaTy jiyqwe
y C B O H T b BCe, qTO C B H 33H O C H 3y q e H H C M 3THX B 3>K- HeHLUHX n S p T H H H b l X flOKyMCHTOB.
K a K K3HAHÄ3T ÄOJDKeH nOÄXOflHTb K 03HaK0MJie-
HHKD C nporpaMMOH, yCT3B0M H TaKTHKOH napTHH?
C a w o e rjiaBiioe 33Kjnoq3eTCH b tom, qToßbi Henoji-
XOÄHTb K H3yqeHHIO ÄCVKyMeHTOB napTHH nO*KHH>K-
HOMy, He BH^eTb cboio uejib b tom, qroöbi bu-
yqHTb naH3ycTb, 333y6pHTb cooTBeTCTByiouiHe pa3-
12
ACJibi, nyHKTbi h nojio>KeHHH ycTaßa h nporpaMMbi
napTHH.
KoneMHO, Ba>KHO 3IiaTb OCHOBHbie nOJlOJKeHHJl
nporpaMMbi, ycTaßa. Ho cyTb coctoht b tom, h t o -
6bl yCBOHTb, nOHHTb, 0C03HaTb CymCCTBO 9THX ao-
KyM eHTOB II pyKOBOÄCTBOBaTbCH nOJIO>KeHHHMH H
TpeöoBaHHHMH y c r a ß a b cßoefi noBceAHeBHoß
JKH3HH H paÖOTe.
napTHH Hy>KHbr He Haqem HKH, KOTOpbie MOryT
HaH3ycTb, cjiobo b cjiobo, nyiiKT b nyHKT nepe-
Aarc> tot hjih hhoh napTHHHbin AOKyMeHT, a jiioah,
yCBOHBUIH« C'OAepjKaHHe, A y x , CMbICJI OCHOBHblX
T p e ö o B a H H H n a p T H H h yMeiomne pyKOBOACTBOBaTb-
CH HMH B >KH3HH.
riapTHH TpeöyeT ot KaiiAHAaTa 03H3K0MJieHHH c
ycTaBOM, nporpaMMOH h TaKTHKoft napTHH He ajih
toto, qToßbi b MOMeHT npneMa b «JieHbi napTHH
KaHAHAaT MOT OTBeTHTb Ha Bonpoc, KTO MOJKeT
ÖblTb qJieHOM napTHH HJIH KaKOBbI OÖH3aHHOCTH
qjieHa napTHH. 3h3Komctbo c nporpaMMon h ycia-
bom HeoöxoAHMo ajih Toro, qToöbi KaHAHAaT y>Ke B
nepnoA npoxo>KAeHHH KaHAHAaTCKoro CTa>Ka co3na-
Baji uejiH h 3aAaqH napTHH, co Bceft peuiHTejibHO-
CTbio h SHeprHeft öopojicn 3a hx ocymecTBJieHiie,
npQBOAHJI HX B >KH3Hb.
M 3yqeiiHe ycTaßa, n p o r p a M M b i h T a K T H K H n a p T H H
A a e T KaiiAHAaTy M H H H M y M nojiHTiiqecKOH noAro-
t o b k h , M H H H M y M 3H 3HHH, iio’M o r a i o m H x e M y pa3ÖH-
p a T b C H ß uejiHX h 3a A a q a x napTHH, b o p r a H H 3a- U H O H H O M C T p o e H H H n apTHH, B (J)OpMaX H M C T O A 3X ßopböbi napTHH 3a o c y m e c T ß j i e H H e o q e p e A H b i x 3a- Aaq. Ho 9TOT M H H H M y M nOJIHTHqeCKHX 3H3HHH AjIH
KaiiAH A a T a ne caMouejib, a c p e A C T B O k TOMy, hto-
6bl nOAI O T O B H T b c e Ö H K 3K T H B H 0H, C03H 3TeJIbH0H
p a ß o T e b p a A a x n a p T H H .
13
KoMMynHcr — nepeßOBOH qe;iOBeK coBeicKoro
oßmecTBa, co3H3Tejibnbifl Öopeu 3a jieno napTHH
JleHHHa— CTajiHHa, 3a Ae;io iiapoAa. C03HaTe^bH0
ÖOpOTbCfl— 3TO 3HaqHT n O H H M a T b , 3a qTO Öopeuibc«,
KaKHM« nyTHMH Jiyquie acero ocymecTBHTb Ty
33Aaqy, xoTopyio ct3bht napTHH. Co3HaTejibHO 6o-
poTbCH 3a Ae/io napTHH sto 3HaqHT noHHMöTb, qio
c BCTynJiewHeM b napTHio tboh JKH3Hb, ch;i3, anep-
thh npHHiaÄJiejKaT napTHH, ee Aejiy, qTOTbi aojixcch
oTHbiHe cjiHTb bcio cboio paÖoTy c paöoToß nap*
t h h , npnaep>KHBaTbCfl ee 33K0H0B, nojioxceHHft h
TpeÖOBaHHft. T0JIbK0 TaK MOJKHO BOCnHT3Tb H3
ceÖH co3HaTe^bHoro KOMMyHHCTa, KpenKoro 6o;ib-'
meBHK3, jiJin KOToporo HHTepecbi napTHH h ee
Ae;io npeßbiuie Bcero.
III
rioBbimeHHe CBoero nojiHTHqecKoro ypOBHH, 03J
HaKOMjieHHe c nporpaMMon, ycTaBOM h t 3kthkoA napTHH — ato oAira CTopoHa jiejia. KaHAHAaTCKHil
c t 3>k, KaK CKa3aHo b ycTaBe, AOJi^eH TaK>Ke oßec*
neqHTb napTHÄHofi opraHH3auHH npoeepKy auhhöix
KmecTe Kandudara. B pe3yjibTaTe npeßbiBaHHH
TOBapHina b KanAHflaTax napTHftHan opraHH3aiiHH A0JIÄH3 yCTaHOBHTb— MOJKeT JIH OH ßblTb qjieHOM
napTHH, noK33a;i jih oh na Ae;ie, b jkh3hh, qTO
AOCTOHH .BbicoKoro 3B3HHH qjieHa napTHH, H B CO«
OTBeTCTBHH C 3THM peillHTb BOnpOC 0 npHeMe K3HJ AHAaTa b qjie»bi napTHH. BeAb KOMMyiwcT no*1
3Ha§rcH npejKAe Bcero no TOMiy, KaK oh aeficTByeT npaKTHqecKH, KaK oh yqacTByeT b ocymecTB/ieHH«
33Aaq, ctohihhx nepeA napTHefl.
JlHqiibie KaqecTBa KawAHAaTa, KaK h qjieHa nap-’ thh, b HacTonmee BpeMH npoBepHioTca npe>KA6
14
Bcero Ha tom, Ka« oh BbinojiHHeT cboh BoeHnuft
ÄOJir, wacK0JibK0 ßeccTpauiHO ÖopeTCH c BparoM Ha
(fjpOHTe, HaCKOJIbKO CaMOOTBep»(eHHO TpyÄHTCH B
Tbmy h noMoraeT napTHH h napoAy 3aßoeBaTb
nc>6eay HaA HeMeuKO-^amHCTCKHMs« 3axBaTqHKaMH.
Eo;iee BhicoKoro MepHJia äjih ouchkh KOMMyHHCTa
ceft*iac neT h ne mojkct ßbiTb.
Bciofly, r^e 6 bi hh HaxoAHJicn xanAHAaT, — Ha^pOHTe HJIH B TblJiy ,— OH npH3B3H ßblTb OJIHIjeTBO*
peHHeM AHCUHnJIHHbl, CTOÖKOCTH H 0 praHH30BaHH0- CTK. Bo BCHKOe AeJIO OH AOJIJKeH BHOCHTb ÄyX Bbl* CCKOft C03HaTejIbHOCTH, ÖOJIbllieBHCTCKOll HaCTOflHH« BOCTH H 6e33aBeTHOfi rOTOBHOCTH OTA3Tb BCe cH.ibi, a ecjiH noTpeßyeTCH, to h x<H3Hb, ajih Ae.ia napTHH.
napTHH TpeöyeT ot KancAoro CBoero qjieHa, ot
Ka>KAOfo, KTO CTpeMHTCH ÖblTb HJieHOM1 napTHH,
aBanrapAHofi, nepeAOBOfl pojrn b ßopböe 3a Bbinötf-
KCHIie BOeHHblX, X03HHCTBeHHbIX H nOJIHTH^eCKHX
sjxav.
Mio 3HaiHT ÖbiTb b aßanrapAe Ha (JjpOHTe?
HHCTpyKUHH KOMMyHHCTHHeCKTIM OpraHH&lUHHM»lacrefi AeücTByiomefi apM'HH, H3AaHwaH b 1919 roAy,
b caMbift pa3rap rpa>KAaHCKOH BofiHbi, Tpeöoßajia
o r KajKAoro KOMMyHHCTa:
«rioKa3bmaTb npHMep 6e33aBeTHoö xpaßpocTH h CTOHKOCTH B ÖOK), TepneHbH, BbIHOCJIHBOCTH KO
BCeM TpyAHOCTHM H JfHUieHHHM ÖOeBOfl OßCTaHOBKH.
B cjiyqae Bbi30Ba AoßpopojibueB Ha onacubie npeA*
npHHTHH— pa3BeAKa B HenpHHTeJlbCKOM TblJiy, co*
daBAeHHe yAapHofl rpyniibi h t. a.— npeA^araTb ceÖH na cawbie onacHbie nopy^eHHH».
O lieHb HpKO H Bbipa3HTeJIbHO OnpeAeJIH/I MeCTO
KOMMyHHCTa Ha (J>pOHTe BejIHKOH OTeMeCTBeHHOÜ BOHHbi M . H . KaAHHHH: «BeccTpaunie b 6opb6e 3a
15
Ae.no HapoAa, acao JleHHHa— CTajiHHa — sto nep-
Befiuiee KaqecTBO KOMMyHHCTa. Ecjih oh BouieJi b
napTHio, ecjiH nBJineTCH ee hjichom,— oh AOJiJKen
3HaTb, m o e.wy npHfleTCH ÖbiTb b caMbix peuiaioiunx
MecTax CMepTeJibHoft cxßarKH, öopoTbca 6e3 ycTa-
flh, ynopHo, caM00TBep>KeHH0, He m aAH CBoefi
JKH3HH BO HM5I noße^bl» l.
TaK h AeßcTByiOT cefiqac ßojibiueBHKH — qjieHbi
h KamAHAaTbi KOMMyHHCTHiqecKOH napTHH— Ha cj)poH-
Tax OTeqecTBeHHoft BofiHbi npoTHB nm iepoBCKHx
3axBaT^HK0B. nepeAOBan pojib kommyiihctob Ha
(J)pOHTe np0HBJIH€TCH BO bcSm: B jiHmnoft xpaßpo*
CTH, CaMOOTBepjKeHHOCTH, B TOTOBHOCTH nOJKepT-
BOBaTb CBOefi >KH3HbK) P&AH IIOÖeAbi, B AOÖpOBOJIb-
hom Bbi30Be Ha BbinojiHeHHe caMbix onacHbix no-
pyqeHHfl.
B 6ohx npn npopbiBe ßjioKaAbi JleiiHHrpaAa Ha-
CTynjieHHio poTbi MewaA oroHb BpaHtecKoro A30Ta.
KpacHoapMeeu kommyhhct Moaoauob, b3 hb cyMKV
c rpaHaraMiH, nonoji3 k A30Ty. Ho rpaHaTbi He no-
m o t a h , h BpaHcecKHÖ rcyAeMeT nonpe>KHeMy npn-
>KHMaA 6ohu,ob k 3eM;ie. TorAa Moaoauob pubkom
6p0CHJiCH BinepeA h -cbohm TejipiÄ 3 aKpbiA aMÖpa-
3ypy A3ora. BAOXHOBAeHHbie nÖÄBHroM TOBapHma,
ßofiubi poTbi HeyAepjKHMbiM üiTbiKOBbiM yAapoM
o n p o K H H y A H Bpara, saxBamnH ero ßaTapeio h npoA OA^aAH HacTynAeHHe.
TaKHMH repoHMecKHMH noABiHraMH bohhob-kom-
MynHCTOB noAHa- AeTonHCb OTeqecTBeHHOH BOHHbi.
noaTOMy HenpepeKaeM aBTopHTeT KOMMyHHCTa b
KpaCHOfi ApM'HH, nOSTOMy cothh h TbICH*iH bohhob
nepeA 6ocm noAaioT 3aHBJieHHH c npocböoft npn-
HHTb HX B pHAbl napTHH JleHHHa— CTaJMIHa.
1 Kümihuh, 0 napTHÜHo-MaccoBOH paöoie, rocnoJiiiT-
H3AaT, 1943, CTp. 16.
16
C p a3y >«e n oc^e BepojiOMHoro nanaaeHHH th t - ' jiepoßueB Ha Hamy c rp a n y napTHH n o ip eö o B a jia o t
KOMMyHHCTOB h napTHftnbix pyKOBOÄHTejiefi JIHHHO B0 3 rjiaBHTb CBnmeHHyio HapoAHyio ö o p b ö y b Tbi/iy HeMeUKHX BOÄCK, BflOXHOBJIHTb npeflaHHblX COBeT* cKoft BJiacTH Jiioiieft jih^hmm npHMiepoM, cM ejiocTb io H CaMOOTBep>KeHHOCTbIO.
H BO Bpa>KeCKOM TblJiy, B COBeTCKHX paHOHax, •
BpeMeHHO 33XB>3qeHH!bIX riHTJiepOBCKHMH pa3Ö0ÄHH-
KaMH, KOMMyHHCTbi, BbinojiHHH CBofi ÄOJir nepea Ha*
Poaom, yxoAHjiH b no^nojibe, co3flaBa^H napTH3aH-
; c.KHe OTpHAbi hi BejiH repoH^ecKyio 6opb6y C HeM-
UaMH.
JlHqHbie KaqecTBa Kan^HflaTa, KaK h Jiioöoro
KOMMyHHCTa, npoBepnioTCH b cOBeTCKOMi Tbijiy, Ha
jiioÖo m y^acTKe, r\a,e o h paöoTaeT, npejKße Bcero
Ha ero OTHOLLieHHH K CBOHM npOH3BOÄCTBeH!HbIM H
cjiy>KeÖHbiM o6 h33hhocthm. napTHH Bcerfla TpeÖo-
BaJia h TpeßyeT ot cbohx qjieHOB nepe^oiBoft, Be- Äym eö pojiH Ha np0H3B0ÄCTBe. E m e b pemeHHHX
IX c^es/ia P K n ( 6 ) Mbi HaxoAHM TaKoe yKa3aHHe
Ha OÖH3aHHOCTH KOMMyHHCTa*.«KOMMyHHCTbl B COCTaBe (^aßpH^HO-SaBOÄCKHX
npeÄnpHHTHH He hm giot hihk3khx npeiHMymecTB n epe fl 0CT3JIbHbIMH paÖO^HMH, OHH HMeiOT JIHIIIb Ö ojiee BbicoKne o ö h 33h h oc th . Ka>KÄbiH H3 hhx b HOBceflHeB-HiOH >kh3hh CBoero npennpHHTHH ä o jd k ch OCT3BaTbCH OÖpa3UOM OTHÖTHOCTH, HCnOJlHHTeJlbHO" c th h peBHOCTH b T p y / ie »1.
IlapTHH Bcer^a noA^epKHBajia 3Ty oÖH3aHHOCTb
Kax B aÄ H eftm yio äjih Ka>Kfloro KOMMyHHCTa. B pe- 30J1IOUHHI X V Cbe3Aa B K n ( 6 ) yK33bIB3JIOCb, 4T0
«qjieHbi napTHH, Ha k3khx 6bi nocTax ohh hm na-
XOflHJIHCb — OT MeCTa y CTaHK3 ÄO BblClUHX pYkO-
1 «BKn(ö) b pe30JiiouHHX>>, m. LiLTßfc.143.
BOÄHUIHX CTpaHOH OpraH OB — ÄOJUKHbl cjiyxanh
0Öpa3U0Mi TpyaoBoro repOH3Ma, TpyuoBofi ähciim-
njiHHbi, HanpHJKennoH, neTKofi h pauHOHajibHO no-
CTaBJieHHoft paßoTbi»1.
Tpeßya o t KOMMyHHCTa npHMepHoß, oöpasuoBoS
paöoTbi Ha npoH3uoÄCT߀, napniin hcxoäht H3 ioro,
w o mo6 hjih33u h 5! paöoqnx h c.TyacamHx Ha bwiioji*
iieHHe npoH3BOÄCTBeHHbix aijiaHOB AOJiJKHa ocymecT-
BJIHTb'CH B IiepByK) O^epe^b >KHBbIMI npHMepOM
KOMMyHHCTOB H KOMCOMOJIbU,eB, HX nOÄJIHHHO KOM-
MyHiicTimecKHMi OTiiouieHiHeM k Tpyuy, o6 pa3U0 M
ÄefiCTBHTeJlbHOH päÖOTbl :nO-peBOJIIOII,HOHHOMy.
napTHH noÄ^epKHBajia, mto m ctoau B03AeficTBHH
K 0 MM y H HCTO B Ha MäCCbl flOJI/KMbl B nepByiO OHG-
pe^b CBOAHT^Cfl K OÖpa3UOBOl1[ H mOKä3aTeJIbHOH pafioTe caM'HX hjichob napTHH, uto nepeflOBan, pyKOBOÄHiüaH pojib napTHH Ha npeÄnpHHTHM AOJDKHä SaKJTIOqaTbCfl IVMBHblM 0Öpa30M B TOM, qTOÖbl Ka K« ÄblH KOMMyHHCT CTaJI 06pa3U0 BbIM npOH3BOÄCTBeiI- HHKOM.
H a ^ O JTH TOBOpHTb, KjlK BeJIHKa 9Ta 0 6 fl3a«H0CTb
KOMMVHHCTa B /{HH BOfhtbt. KaJKßOMy, kto xoqeT
ßbiTb qjiehom napTHH, npeAOCTaßjieHbi imipoKHe bo3-
mojkhocth npOHiBHTb ceßd, noKa3aTb Ha AeJie cboio
roTOBHocTb ßopOTbCH b pHflax napTHH.
BbiTb b aBaHrap^e — sto He 03HaqaeT tojimo
JIHMHO BbinOJIHHTb H nepeBbmOJIHnTb HOpMbl Bbipa*
ÖOTKH. -KoMMyHHCT He M0>KeT OrpaHHqHBaTbCH TeM,
iito caM oh paöoTaei xopoiuo. KaK KOMMyHHCT oh
OTB^qaeT He TOjibKO 3a ce6a, ho h 3a Bbino.iHeHne
n:iaHa cocenoM no craHKy, ßpHra^ofi, nexOM h
BceM npeÄfipHHTHeM b uejioM». Cbohm jik^hmm npn-
MepOM, ÖOJIbineBHCTCKHM Ä€JIOM< u cjiobom kommv-
hhct ^oÖHBaeTCH, qTOÖw Bce paßoiajiH o6pa3uoßo,
^ <<BKn(6) b pe30.iiouHHX», m. I!, crp. 245.
*>18
/xaBaJwi MaKCHMyi® npo^yKUHH jijih <J>poHTa h CTpaHbi.
OcymecTBJiHTb nepe^oByio pojib na n p o H 3 BO£- CTBe — 3to 03HaqaeT T3K>Ke npoHBJiHTb neTepnu-
MOCTb K HeflOCTaTKaM H 6eCX03HHCTBeHH0CTH. Kcm«
M y H H C T He H M e e T npaßa n p o x o ß H T b mamo He£oqe-
TOB TOJIbKO Ha TOM) OCHOB3HHH, qTO 3TO npOHCXO-
a h t He Ha ero paöoqeM MecTe, He b ero ijexe hjih
öpKra^e. KOMMyHHCTa ä o -tukho KacsTbca Bce. «ßbi
MeJIOBeK nspTHHHblH H ÄOJIJKHbl HHTepeCOBaTbCH
BceM» — b 3T0H penjiHKe TOBapnma C tsjihhs oä-
HOMy iH3 yqacTHHKOB Bcecoio3Horo coBemaHHn CTa-
xanoßueB npoMbinuieHHocTH h TpaHcnopTa c>KaTO
Bbipa^eno Ba>KHeHiuee Tpe6oB3HHe k KOMMyHHCTy.
K 3 h ä h ä 3t b qjieHbi napTHH — qejioßeK napTHHHbtft:
O h 0ÖH33H HCnpHMHpHiMO OTWOCHTbCH K H€flOCT3T-
K3M, ycTpaHHTb njioxoe, no;wep>KHBaTb xopomne
H3HHH3HHH. 3 to ero napTHÖHbiH ÄOJir, napTHHHan
0^H33HH0CTb.
BbiTb nepe^OBbiM b hsibh ähh — sto 3Haq»T no- Ka3biBaTb npHMiep BbinojineHHH Hanöojiee Tpy^Hbix
h Ba>KHbix 3aflaq. Ecjih hjih BbinojiHeHHH cpoqHoro 3aiiaHHH TpeöyeTca npop3ÖoT3Tb ÄBe-Tpn cMeHbi 6e3 OTflbixa, nepBbiMH äojukhm noKa3aTb npnwep KOMMiyHHC'Tbl. ECJIH B03HHKJIH TpyflHOCTH, KOMMy-
HHCTbl ÄOJIJKHbl nOKa3aTb, K3X H3flO hx Tipeoßojie- BaTb. ECJIM HMeiOTCH COMHCHHH h HeyBepeiwocTb B B03MO>KH'OCTM BbinOJIHHTb TO HJIH HHOe 33Ä3HHC, ÄOJir KOM'MyHHCTa pacceHTb 3Ty HeyBepennocTb' CBoeö o6pa3uoBofl paöoTofl.
TaK h nocTynaiOT cothh h Tbicaqu KaHflHiiaTOB. npHBefleM o ä h h npHM-ep H3 >KH3HiH h paßoTbi jie- HHHirpaflCKHx naTpHOTOB b nepHOÄ ÖJioKaflbi.
Ha 3aB0^e «BojibuieBHK» H3-3a HeziocT3TKa jnoiiefl
M a p T e H O B C K H e neq« qepe3 Kaw/tbie 3— 4 m n ocTa-
iiaaiiiBa.mcb Ha qacoBoft ropnqHH pe3epB. 3 to chh-
19
Hcajio BbinycK MeTajuia, HeoßxoÄHMoro äjih cf)poHTa.
li bot KaHAHflaT b qjieHbi napTHH HHJKenep Baöy-
poB BMecre c rpynnoft KOMMyHHCTOB h Öecnap-
THHHbix paöoqnx 0praHH30Baji floöpoBOJibqecKyio
cßopHyio BaxTy, h b cboh Bbixonnbie ähh ohh Ha-
qajiH oßcjiyHtHBaTb nenn bo BpeMH hx BbiHyacAeH-
noro npocToa. 3 t o n03B0i/iHji0 3aB0j3,y OKewecflqHO
flonojiHHTejibHO juaBarb 150— 160 tohh erajiH h sko-
HOMHTb äo 50 tohh Ma3yTa.
Mo>kho CMeJio cica3aTb, qTO KaußHÄaT napTHH
tob. BaÖypoß nocTynnji KaK HacTonmHH ßojibüie-
bhk, noKa3aji o6 pa3eix npaiBHjibHoro noHHMaHHK h
ocymecTBjieHHH cbohx 06 fl3aHH0creH Ka« 6ynym ero
qjiena napTHH.
npHBe^eM Apyrofl npHMep. B napTopraHH3auHio
oaHoro h3 mockobckhx 3aBOflOB no,a,ajia 3aHBJieHHe
o BCTynjieHHH b napTHio crapaa paöoTHHua, ßpHra-
ÄHp OHjiHHa. Kor^a ee npHHHjin Ha napTHHHOM co-
6paHHH b KaHÄH^aTbi, oHa 3aaBHJia: «3ßaHHe KaHflH-
Aara b qjieubi napTHH a onpaBiiaio 6ojibmeBHCT- ckhmh flejiaMH». Ona nocTaBHjia Bonpoc b ßpura^e,MTOÖbl C MeHblUHM KOJIHHeCTBOM JIIOfleH flaBaTb
ßojibiiie npo^yKUHH. Hepe3 ztBa Mecaua b öpnra/ie
t. Ohjihhoh paöoTajro He 10, a 5 qejioßeK. HecMOT-
pn Ha 'yiweHbiueHHe KOjinqecTBa jitoflen, ßpHra^a
BbinaiHa^a 3aÄaiiHH Ha 160— 180%.
K a b b l n KaHÄHÄaT ÄOJi>KeH noMHHTb, q ro o 6 pa3-
uoßoe Bbino;iHeHHe np0H3B0ACTBeHHbix h cjiy>Ke6-
hw x 0 ÖH3aHH0CTeH — 9to ero BajKHeHiiiHH rocy^ap-
CTBeHHblH H napTHHHblH flOJIT. IlapTHH CyflHT O IX)-
TDBHOCTH KOMMyHHCTa OTflaTb CBOH CHJIbl flejiy pa3-
rpowa Bpara He no cjioßaM, a no AejiaM, no TOMy,
HaCKOJlbKO KOMMyHHCT SHeprHqHO, CaMOOTBep>KeHHO
h ctohko TpyÄHTCH Ha CßoeM nociy BO HMH
noöeAbi.
20
Oqeub npaBHJibno h m c tk o CKa3aji no 3 T0 My no-
Boay M . H. KajiHHHH Ha coBemanHH napraiiHbix.
paöoTHHKOB: «Ec.ih y qejioseKa npoH3BoacTBen-
Hbie pe3y^bTaTbi HeyaoBJieTBopHTejibHbie, a ace
ociajibHbie noKa3aTejiH xopomne, h 6bi cKa3aji, m o
OII njIOXOH KOMMyHHCT».
napTHH He ycTanaBjiHBaeT äJih cbohx KaHanaa-
t o b h qjieHOB npaß'Hwi noßeaeHHH Ha ßce cjiyqa«
>kii3hh, OHa He perjiaMeHTHpyeT ao Mejioqefi 6mt h
JIHiIHyiO >KH3Hb KOMMyHHCTa. Ho napTHH TOBOpHT
Ka>KjiOMy KOMMyHHCTy: cjiobom h aejiOM onpaBaw-
Baft cboio npHHa/uie>KH0 CTb k napTHH JleHHHa —
CTajiHHa, Bean ceön Ha npoH3BoacTBe, b oömecT-
BeHHOH H JIHMHOH >KH3HH TaK, qTOÖbl CJiyJKHTb
ÄOCTOHHbIM npHMepOM JXJM OKpyjKaiOlUHX TeÖH 6ec-
napruHHbix, noMHH qTO no TOMy, KaK Tbj >KHBenib,
paöoTaeuib h Beaenib ceßn, öecnapTHHHbie cyasrr o
napTHH.
n o neM y napTHH npnaaeT öojibuioe 3HaqeHHe jihm-
HOMy npHMepy KOMMyHHCTa? JlnqHbifi npHMep— Be-
„iHKan CHJia B03aeftcTBHH. KoMMyHHCT, He noKa-
sbiBaiomHH jin^Horo npHMepa Ha np0 H3B0acTBe, b
oömecTBeHHoft >kh3hh, b öbiTy, He MoweT öbirb
BOHvaKOM H OpraHH3aTOpOM Macc.
•X- *-X-
3 a BpeMH npoxoÄJxeHHH KanaHaaTCKoro c ra w a
jiHHHbie KaqecTBa K a H a n a a T a aoji>KHbi ßbiTb npoae-
peHbi T 3 K>Ke na npaKTH qecKoft napTHHuofi h oö m e-
CTBeHHOH paöoTe. y q a c T H e K a H a n a a T a b p a ß oT e
c.Boen opraHH3anHH HMeeT He m nb K O npaKTHqe-
CKoe, ho h ßojibui'oe BoenHTaTejibH oe 3 HaqeHHe.
YqacTHe b napTHHHOH h oömecTBenHoft paöoTe
n0M0>KeT KaHanaaTy ycneniHO BbinojiHHTb oaHO H3
Ba^KHefiiuux TpeßoBaHHH, KOTopoe napTHH npeat-
21
JlBJlfleT K K O M M y H H C T a M , — n O C T O H H H O p a Ö O T a T b B
•Maccax, y K p e n ^ H T b h pacuiHpHTb c b o h c b h 3h c
MaccaMiH. B n p o q H w x w m n p o K H X C B H3HX n a pTHH-
H O H O p r a H H3aitHH C p a ß o n U M H , K0JIX03HHKaMH, HHTeJlJIHreHUH€H — O Ä H O H 3 VCJIOBHß ycneiuHofi
M(>6njlH3a U H H M a c c H'3 B b i n O ^ H e H H e n p O H 3B O Ä C T B e H " Hbix njiaHOB h 3a a a H H H ^ p o H T a . M e M K p e r m e napT-
opraHH3auHH CBaaana c juoÄbMM, TeM cw^bHee cn.no-
M€H K 0J1J1€KTH'B, T e M ÖbICTpee O H OTKJIHiKaeTCH Hfl Bce npe/yio>KeHHH napTHiiHoft o p r a H H 3auHH. 3 iy
CBH3b n a p T O p r a H H3am-lH C KOJIJTeKTiHBOM' B 3HaHH- Te;ibHoft M e p e c o 3ÄaioT K O M M y H H C T b i . O hh o 6fl3aH*bi p a Ö O T a T b c öecnapTHftHbfMH BCioay: na n p o H 3Boa- CTBe, b oßmeJKHTHflx, KJiyßax, CTOJIOBblX h t. ä-,
ÖbiBaTb y h h x ao M a , n o w o r a T b h m b n o B c e a H e B *
h o m 6 buy, c H a ß w a T b h x r a 3e T O H h t. jx.Ilojie ÄeHTejibHOCTH y Ka>KÄoft napTHÖHoft opra-
HH3auHH cefiqac TaK u i h p o k o , h t o HMeeTCH nojinaa
B03M0JK HOCTb flaTb Ka>KÄOMy KaHÄHÄaTy npaKTH-
MecKH nojie3Hoe ae.no.
i3,aTb nopyqeHHe K aH anaaTaM — eme He Bce.
IIy>KHO npoBepsTb h KompojiHpoBaTb ero.Bbinoji-
HeHHe. KOHTpOJIb ÄOJISCeH COCTOHTb He TOJTbKO B
3acjiyniHBaHHH OTqeTOB KaHanaaTOB Ha napTHH-
HOM Öiopo H napTHHHblX COÖpaHHHX. napTHH-
Horo pyKOBOÄHTejlfl KO'HTpOJIb — 3TO ITOCTOHHH'Oe
H TeCHOe OÖmeHHe c MOJIoablMH KOM'MyH'HCTaMH.
MeM ßo^biue o^meHHH, TeM BepHee HacTOHujHH w
nOBCeAHeBHblli KOHTpOJIb 3a paÖOTOfl MO.lOAblX
KOM My HHCTOB.
* **
«Mbi, KOMMVHifCTbi, — jhoäh ocoöoro c o a a a , —
rOBOpHIJI TOBapHUH CT3JIHH B KJIHTBe, ÄSHHOH JleHHHy 26 HHBapn 1924 r. — Mbi CKpoeHbi hs
ocoöoro MaTepnaJia. Mbi — Te, Koropbie cocTaBJiaeM
22
apM'HFO b€jihkoto npojieTapcKoro dpaiera , apMHio
TOBapnma JleiiHHa. HeT HHqerö Bbirne, KaK qecTb
npiiHa;me>KaTb k s t o h apMHH. HeT HHqero .Bbirne,
KaK SBaHHe qjieHa napTHH, ocHOBaiejieM h pyKo-
BOflHTejieM KOTOpOH HBJIHCTCH TOBapHUi, JleHHH».
OnpaB^aTb B-bicoKoe 3BaHne qjieHa JieiDHHCKo-
CTaJlHHCKOH napTHH Bceft CBOefi JKH3HbK3, 6e33a-
EeTHOH paßoToft Ha no^ib3y coBeTCKon CTpaHbi — :
Ronr h o6fl3aHHocTb Ka’>Kjxoro KaiiÄH^aTa, KawacH
ro qjiena napTHH.
PeflaKTop H. Alasj noAnHcano k ne^aTH 6 AeKaöpn 1944 r. A 13762. 06t>6m */j n. n.
Tnpan< 100 000 9K3. 3ana3 X® 644. LJeHa 25 KOn.
3-fl Tnnorpa(J)Hfi «Kpacibitt npo/ierapHtt» TpecTa «rio.nMrpai})KHnra>> OrH3a npii CHK PC<l>CP. MocKua, KpacHonpo-neTapcKa«, 16.