Post on 06-Jan-2016
description
Japanese High Energy Astrophysics Mission on ISSJapanese High Energy Astrophysics Mission on ISS
Monitor of All-Sky X-ray Image Monitor of All-Sky X-ray Image (MAXI)(MAXI)
N. Kawai N. Kawai 河合誠之河合誠之 , J. Kataoka , J. Kataoka (( 東京工業大学:東京工業大学: Tokyo Institute of Technology)Tokyo Institute of Technology)M. Matsuoka, S. Ueno, H. Tomida, (NASDA)M. Matsuoka, S. Ueno, H. Tomida, (NASDA)
H. Tsunemi, E. Miyata (Osaka Univ.)H. Tsunemi, E. Miyata (Osaka Univ.)T. Mihara, H. Negoro, M. Kohama, I. Sakurai (RIKEN)T. Mihara, H. Negoro, M. Kohama, I. Sakurai (RIKEN)
A. Yoshida (Aoyama Univ.), Y. Shirasaki, (NAOJ),A. Yoshida (Aoyama Univ.), Y. Shirasaki, (NAOJ),
Overview
• All Sky X-ray Monitor on ISS– Scanning all sky every 90 min
• Two Types of X-ray Detectors– Gas Slit Camera (GSC)– Solid-state Slit Camera (SSC)
• Mission 2005 August ~ 2+ years• Scientific Goals
– Long-term AGN Variability– X-ray Novae– Diffuse X-ray Sources– GRB afterglow
• International Space Station (ISS)
• Japanese Experiment Module (JEM)
JEM
MAXI
ISS & JEM
Grapple Fixture for a robot armGrapple Fixture for a robot arm
ElectronicsElectronics
Gas Slit Cameras (GSC)Gas Slit Cameras (GSC): X-ray gas proportional counter: X-ray gas proportional counter
Solid-state SlitSolid-state SlitCameras (SSC)Cameras (SSC): X-ray CCD: X-ray CCD
Optical Star SensorOptical Star Sensor
Radiator for X-ray CCDsRadiator for X-ray CCDs
180cm180cm
80cm80cm
100cm100cm
Total weight: 490 kgTotal weight: 490 kg
Overview of MAXI
ATCS
FOV of MAXI
Point Spread Functionincident angle = 0 deg in latitude direction
incident angle = 20 degin latitude direction
Gas Slit Camera(GSC)
Test Counter
358 mm
• 1-D position sensitive counter (anodes : 10 m carbon fiber)
• MAXI employs 12 counters (total area = 5340cm2)
• (1.5x80 deg) x 3 =>1.5x160 deg
• 2-30keV range • position resolution ~ 1mm
Position resolution and linearity over the 30 cm sensitive area of GSC
ΔE ~ 145 eV @ 6 keV
Hamamatsu Photonics CCD
•MAXI employs 2 SSCs
•Each SSC has 16 CCD chips developed by Hamamatsu Photonics
•Effective area ~ 100cm2 x 2
Solid-State Slit Camera(SSC)
Time (days after outburst)
Flu
x
(Cra
b u
nit
)
0.5-30 keV X-ray spectrum available every day!
Detectable in one day
Detectable in one week
One Crab
One mCrab
X-ray Nova Light Curves and MAXI Sensitivity
Detectable in one week
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
0.001
0 50 100 150 200 250
Sensitivity of MAXI
1 orbit(30 sources)
1 day(100 sources)
1 week(1000 sources)
RXTE ASM
Simulation of MAXI Observation
One Orbit 5-month
ISS-JEM MAXI
Ethernet
3 Mbps, 5 hr/day
NASDA
DRTS
Command
Data
NASA Alart data Stored data
MAXI Science team
MAXI Data Communication System
Mil 1553B
30-50 kbps, 24 hr/day
MAXI/GSC: X1608-52simulation
MAXI/GSC: MCG -6-30-15simulation
MAXI/GSC: Ark 564simulation
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MAXI Schedule
1997 1999 2001 2003 20059 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
採択 開発確認審査 PDR/SR-1 CDR/SR-2 SR-3 打上 運用NASA/SR1 NASA/SR2 NASA/SR3
概念設計 基本設計 詳細設計 設計維持
部分試作 部分試験 TMM試験 FM製作 各部試験 総合試験
EM一部の 射場試験
PFM物品の調達
wait ?
H
Now under TMM test!
Selection Kickoff R Launch
Summary
• MAXI : all-sky X-ray monitor on JEM/ISS– the first all-sky X-ray monitor for AGNs
• Two-types of Detectors– GSCs & SSCs covering 0.5-30 keV band
• Detection-limit down to 1-2 mCrab for 1 day• 2005 August ~ 2 years