Introduction to Plants

Packet #15Chapters #20 & 21

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Introduction I

Plants help provide the foundation for all living organisms on planet earth.

Plants are responsible for capturing energy from the sun, and, ultimately that energy is passed along to animals—allowing them to survive.

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Specialized Plant Cells

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Specialized Plant Cells

Parenchyma cells Aids with storage and

movement of materials in plants

Sclerenchyma cells Dead cells that usually

provide strength and support.

Collenchyma cells Capable of stretching

and provide mechanical support

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Plant Tissue

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Plant Tissue

Three Types of Tissue Dermal Tissue

Plant’s protective covering in contact with the environment

Facilitates water and ion uptake in roots

Regulates gas exchange in leaves and stems

Vascular Tissue Xylem & phloem Conducts water and solutes

between organs Provides structural support

Ground Tissue Packing and supportive

tissue Food manufacturing and

storage

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Plant Organs

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Introduction

There are four major organs of a plant Flower* (Not all

plants) Stem Root Leaf

Flower

The flower contains the organs of plant sexual reproduction

It attracts insects needed to carry the pollen between plants to allow pollination

It's important for reproduction of flowering plants.

Stem

The stem is the organ which holds the leaves upright in the air and facing the light

It carries water and minerals to the leaves, and food around the plant

The stem is important for nutrition, excretion and growth

Roots

The root is the organ which provides anchorage for the plant so that it does not blow away or fall over

With root hairs, the root provides a big surface area to help take in water and minerals from the soil – both of which are essential for photosynthesis

The root is therefore important for nutrition

Leaf

Site of photosynthesis

Responsible for capturing light energy and transforming it into chemical energy.

More details on the structure of the leaf in Packet #16.

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Organ Systems of Plants

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Organ Systems I

There are two major organ systems in plants Shoot system

Stems Leaves

Root system Roots Trichomes

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Types of Plants {Organisms}

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Type of Plants {Organisms} I

Seedless Non-Vascular Plants Bryophytes

Mosses Hornworts Liverworts

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Type of Plants {Organisms} II

Seedless Vascular Plants Ferns Whisk ferns

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Type of Plants {Organisms} III

Gymnosperms Pine Cones

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Type of Plants {Organisms} IV

Angiosperms Flowering Plants

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Review

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