Intro. to Biology

Chapter 1

Biology

• The study of life.• Bio= life

• -ology= the study of

Levels of Organization(NOT a flashcard)

7 Characteristics of Life• made of CELLS

• ADAPTS to surroundings

• REPRODUCES

• GROWS and develops

• highly ORGANIZED

• makes ENERGY

• reacts to a STIMULUS CAR GOES

An organisms MUST have all

7 characteristics

to be considered

alive.

Remember:

1. Made of CELLS

If it is living, it is made of cells!!!

Every single living

thing is made of

cells!

2. ADAPTS to surroundings

• How do YOU adapt to YOUR surroundings?• Sweat when it gets hot to cool down.

• Tan when the sun hits your skin to prevent further damage.

• How does a fish adapt?

3. REPRODUCES

• Organisms MUST make more organisms.• Otherwise, they would die and never appear

again!

4. GROWS and develops

I’m growing

and developing

!

•As an organism matures, it does not just grow.

•Tissues, organs and organ systems turn on or change their operations, leading to changes in the whole organism.

5. highly ORGANIZED

• No organism is randomly placed together…there is ALWAYS organization.

6. makes ENERGY

• Each individual cell makes energy-if it were to stop, then ALL would stop = DEATH.

7. reacts to a STIMULUS Stimulus Reaction to the

stimulusThe weather is cold. You put on a sweater.

A light switch is flipped. The lights come on.

Power is pushed on a remote control.

The T.V. is turned on.

A fly lands on a Venus flytrap

The Venus flytrap

closes.

Homeostasis• The regulation of an organism’s internal

environment.• Basically, keeping it the SAME!!!

• Temperature

• Acidity

• Salt

Evolution• Genetic

changes over time.

Metabolism• The chemical build up

and break down.

• Living things take in energy and change it into different forms.

• The transformed energy is used to power all of life’s processes.

Microscope Parts

• arm

• base

• body tube

• coarse adjustment

• fine adjustment

• diaphragm

• eyepiece • high-power objective

• low-power objective

• light source/mirror

• revolving nosepiece

• stage

• stage clips

Microscope Functions

• arm - this attaches the eyepiece and body tube to the base.

• base - this supports the microscope.

body tube - the tube that supports the eyepiece.

• coarse adjustment - a knob that makes large adjustments to the focus.

• fine adjustment - a knob that makes small adjustments to the focus (it is often smaller than the coarse focus knob).

• diaphragm – changes amount of light.

• eyepiece - where you place your eye.

•high-power objective - a large lens with high magnifying power.

•low-power objective - a small lens with low magnifying power.

•revolving nosepiece – changes the objectives

•light source / mirror - this directs light upwards onto the slide.

•stage - the platform on which a slide is placed.

•stage clips - clips that hold a slide securely onto the stage.

Any Questions?