Post on 13-Dec-2014
description
The Writing Center and Ethel K. Smith Library Present:“Integrating Source Material,
Revising, and Proofreading”
Kevin Winchester, Writing Center Director
Source Material:Is necessary in most academic writing
genres
Serves as Supporting or Rebuttal Evidence or Example
May be from a Primary, Secondary, or
Tertiary Source
Must be presented as a Direct Quote,
Paraphrase or Summary
Why Use Quotations, Paraphrasing, or Summaries?Provide support for claims and add credibilityRefer to prior work leading up to your workGive examples of several points of view on
your subjectHighlight a particular phrase, sentence,
passage, or ideaCreate distance and cue readers that the
words are not your ownExpand the breadth and depth of your writing
2 Important Requirements for all Source Material:MUST be Properly
Cited
Gives credit to the original author
Identifies for your audience where the material originated and provides info for them to verify or research the source
MUST Read Seamlessly
within your essay
While the source material “belongs” to the original author, you are using it to support your position.
Choose a Format:Direct Quotation
Paraphrasing
Summarizing
SummarizingPuts the main idea into YOUR OWN words
Should be significantly shorter than the original source material
Presents a broad overview (the main point) of the original source material
Cite Properly
SummarizingUtilize your Research Dossier (Be sure to include citation info)
Read the entire source text—note the key points & main ideas
In your own words, state the single main idea of the source text
Review to make sure you didn’t include exact words or phrases from the source text
ParaphrasingA passage from source material rewritten in your own words
Usually shorter than the original source text
Takes a somewhat broader segment of the source and condenses it
Cite Properly
Effective ParaphrasingReread the passage until you understand its full meaning
Write your paraphrase on your research dossier
Jot down notes to remind you later how you’ll use this material
Compare your paraphrase to the original to make sure it’s accurate
Use quotation marks to identify words, terms, or short phrases taken directly from the source
MAKE SURE YOU RECORD CITATION INFO on your Research Dossier
Effective ParaphrasingIs better than quoting info from an undistinguished source
Is a legitimate way to “borrow” from a source as long as you cite properly
Provides more detail and support than a summary
QuotationsoAre identical to the original sourceoUse a narrow segment of the sourceoMatch the original source word for wordoMust be cited properly
QuotationsProvide support or rebuttals for your thesis
Must flow smoothly with your own writing style
In order for quotations to flow smoothly with your
own writing style, you must provide some
context for your reader.
Remember:
T-I-C
Each Time you use a Quote, Think: T-I-CT - Tagline
I - Interpretation
C - Connection
Tagline: Introduces the quote and establishes the source’s credibility
Interpretation: Explains your understanding or Interpretation of the evidence or support the quote provides
Connection: Explains and clarifies the Connection between the quote and your thesis or other evidence in your essay
This method creates a Complete Thought Cycle
IF ANY ONE PART is MISSING…
…the reader is confused.
In a Rolling Stone article, Marilyn Manson states, “from Jesse James to Charles Manson, the media have turned criminals into folk heroes” (citation). He implies the media sensationalizes the exploits of criminals and the media’s coverage feeds the criminals’ desire for fame and notoriety and that the general public is eager to bestow that notoriety upon them. As such, a disenfranchised youth may be influenced by the perceived fame of these criminals, which leads them to similar acts of violence against their peers, all in hopes of being heard.
Tagline: In a Rolling Stone article, Marilyn Manson states…
Interpretation: He implies the media sensationalizes the exploits of criminals…and that the general public is eager to bestow that notoriety upon them.
Connection: As such, a disenfranchised youth may be influenced by the perceived fame…which leads them to similar acts of violence…in the hopes of being heard.
You have your thesis, sources, and a rough draft…
…it’s time to REVISE
Revision vs. EditingREVISION EDITING“Re-seeing” the paper as a wholeAddresses Higher Order
Concerns: Organization, audience, development, support, etc.
Verifies the paper MEETS the REQUIREMENTS of the ASSIGNMENT
Comes after Revision, and after Proofreading
Focuses on Individual Sentences and Words
Addresses Lower Order Concerns: word choice, clarity, conciseness, grammar and mechanics
Revision Tips: Most importantly, take some time away from your paper.
RE-READ YOUR ASSIGNMENT SHEET!
Read your essay all the way through with the assignment sheet in mind and answer these questions:
-Did you meet all the assignment requirements? -Is the paper appropriate for audience and purpose?-Do you provide enough supporting evidence?-Does your paper flow in a natural order?
If not—revise, re-organize, or re-write
Don’t worry about LOC—that’s editing, NOT revising!
Other Revision Strategies:Leave yourself enough time—READ
SLOWLY!
Read the paper BACKWARDS
Read Aloud (record it and play it back!)
Ask a friend to read it to you
Visit the Writing Center
Next,
Proofread and Edit
ProofreadingAddresses Lower Order Concerns
Focuses on Individual Sentences and Words
Checks for clarity, conciseness, and sentence structure
Checks for Grammar and Mechanical Issues
To Proofread:Re-read your paper, slowly, looking for LOC errors
Run a Spell, Grammar, and Style Check with your computer adjusted to academic standards
Finally, utilize the Paramedic Editing Method
The Paramedic Editing Method
1) Circle the Prepositions2) Draw a box around the “is” verb forms3) Ask, “where’s the action?”4) Change the action into a verb5) Move the ‘doer’ into the subject (Who’s
kicking whom)6) Eliminate any unnecessary wind-ups7) Eliminate any redundancies or
repetition
Example of Paramedic EditingIn this paragraph is a demonstrationnn the use of good style in the writing of a report.
Find the action / eliminate slow wind-ups
Edited revision:
This paragraph demonstrates good style in report writing. The verb is more active
The “doer” is in the subject
In of ofin of
is
The Last Steps:Check the Assignment Sheet once more
Is your paper in the proper format?Title?Page Numbers?Spacing / Font?Properly Cited (MLA, APA, etc.)?
Turn It In!
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Good Luck with your Research Papers!