INDIA’S INDEPENDENCE– SEE, THINK, WONDER

INDIA’S INDEPENDENCE – SEE, THINK, WONDER

INDIA’S INDEPENDENCE– SEE, THINK, WONDER

INDIA’S INDEPENDENCE– SEE, THINK, WONDER

INDIA’S INDEPENDENCE – SEE, THINK, WONDER

INDIA’S INDEPENDENCE – SEE, THINK, WONDER

INDIA’S INDEPENDENCE – SEE, THINK, WONDER

AS INDIA PRESSED FOR INDEPENDENCE, HINDU AND MUSLIM DIFFERENCES DEEPENED – QUESTION # 1

• Muhammad Ali Jinnah (1876-1948) and the Muslim League, feared a Hindu-majority India would ignore Muslim concerns.

• Worked in Indian National Congress until 1920 until they adopted Gandhi’s satyagraha campaign.

• Continued to press for territory for religious majority (Pakistan,“land of the pure”)

INDIAN INDEPENDENCE ACT OF 1947• Date of Independence: August 15th, 1947

• This act was the implementation of the June 3rd Plan or the Mountbatten Plan

• Mountbatten was the last viceroy

• Partition plan was set in place despite the views against it from Mountbatten and Gandhi

1947 PARTITION OF INDIA• 12 million+ Muslims,

Sikhs, and Hindus fled their homes to join a majority-religion region or state

• violence between the Hindus and Muslims caused hundreds of thousands of deaths

• Bitter memories remain from these hardships

INDIA AND PAKISTAN SPLIT

PROBLEMS WITH PAKISTAN: EAST AND WEST

• Separated by 1,000 miles

•Besides sharing the same religion East and West Pakistan were different in a lot of ways (geography, languages, and traditions)

• Pakistan’s Strengths:- army - educated officials

WEST AND EAST PAKISTAN PROBLEMS – QUESTION 3

• West Pakistan was the political and economic power of the two

• The Bengalis occupied the poorest section (East Pakistan)

• Bengalis were treated as second-class citizens

• 1970, a cyclone caused enormous damage to East Pakistan. There was little to no aid from West Pakistan.

EAST PAKISTAN REBELLION

• Very successful and quick rebellion (April – December 1971)

• Indian army supported East Pakistan

• December 16th, 1971 East Pakistan became a newly independent nation – Bangladesh.

PAKISTAN TODAY• Illiteracy rates are high

• Millions live in poverty

• Political instability over the years lead to long periods of military rule

• The northwest Pashtun tribes have supported the Taliban regime and Al Qaeda