In an IONIC bond,electrons are lost or gained,resulting in the formation of IONS

in ionic compounds.

FK

FK

FK

FK

FK

FK

FK

FK+ _

FK+ _

The compound potassium fluorideconsists of potassium (K+) ions

and fluoride (F-) ions

FK+ _

The ionic bond is the attractionbetween the positive K+ ion

and the negative F- ion

ElectronegativityElectronegativity A measure of how strongly an atom A measure of how strongly an atom

attracts electrons in a chemical attracts electrons in a chemical bond.bond.

Fluorine is the most electronegative Fluorine is the most electronegative element on the table, because it is element on the table, because it is small and only needs to gain one small and only needs to gain one electron to have an octet.electron to have an octet.

Francium is the least electronegative Francium is the least electronegative element. element.

Ionic BondIonic Bond Between atoms of metals and Between atoms of metals and

nonmetals with very different nonmetals with very different electronegativityelectronegativity

Formed by the transfer of electronsFormed by the transfer of electrons

Conducts electricity in solutionConducts electricity in solution

Examples; NaCl, CaClExamples; NaCl, CaCl22, K, K22OO

Ionic Bonds: One Big Greedy Thief Dog!

In covalent bonding,atoms still want to achievea noble gas configuration(the octet rule).

But rather than losing or gainingelectrons,atoms now share an electron pair.

Covalent BondingCovalent Bonding

Covalent BondCovalent Bond Between nonmetallic elements of similar Between nonmetallic elements of similar

electronegativity.electronegativity.

Formed by sharing electron pairsFormed by sharing electron pairs

Stable molecules, not conducting in Stable molecules, not conducting in solutionsolution

Examples; OExamples; O22, CO, CO22, C, C22HH66, H, H22O, O,

Polar Covalent BondPolar Covalent Bond

A bond between nonmetals with A bond between nonmetals with a small difference in a small difference in electronegativity.electronegativity.

Electrons are shared Electrons are shared unequally.unequally.

HH22OO

Polar Covalent Bonds: Unevenly matched, but willing to share.