Post on 14-Mar-2021
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 1
Impact of γνNN* Electrocuplings at High Q2 and Preliminary Cross Sections off the Neutron
NN* Vertexcouplings: A unique window into baryon and quark structure?Analysis and New Results: Phenomenological but consistent.Outlook: New experiments with extended scope and kinematics.QCD based Theory: Can we solve non-perturbative QCD and confinement?
Nucleon Resonances: From Photoproduction to High Photon October 12 - 16, 2015, ECT*, Trento, Italy
This work is in parts supported by the US National Science Foundation under the Grant PHY-1205782
Ralf W. Gothe
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 2
Transition Form Factors
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015
Study the structure of the nucleon spectrum in the domain where dressed quarks are the major active degree of freedom.
Explore the formation of excited nucleon states in interactions of dressed quarks and their emergence from QCD.
3
… Q2
low
high
k
Hadron Structure with Electromagnetic Probes
N,N*,*…
3q-core+MB-cloud
3q-core
pQCD
*
N
NK1
K2
Q2 K
P1
P2
2
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 4
quar
k m
ass(
GeV
)
Quark mass extrapolated to the chiral limit, where qis the momentum variable of the tree-level quark propagator using the Asqtad action.
LQCD, DSE and …meson dressed quark
confinement
current quark
… Q2
low
high
q
e.m. probe
Hadron Structure with Electromagnetic Probes
N,N*,*…
3q-core+MB-cloud
3q-core
pQCD
Study the structure of the nucleon spectrum in the domain where dressed quarks are the major active degree of freedom.
Explore the formation of excited nucleon states in interactions of dressed quarks and their emergence from QCD.
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 5
Baryon Excitations and Quasi-Elastic Scattering
Deep Inelastic ScatteringS. Stein et al., PR D22 (1975) 1884
hard
soft
quasi-elastic
hard and confined
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015
Q GeV
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 1 2 3 4
A1/2
10-3
GeV
-1/2
6
Electrocouplings of N(1520)D13 and N(1535)S11
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
0 1 2 3 4 5Q2 GeV2
A1/
2*10
00 G
eV-1
/210
-3G
eV-1
/2
A1/2-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5Q2 GeV
A3/
2*10
00 G
eV
10-3
GeV
-1/2
A3/2
p 2012
p 2010
N2009
Argonne Osaka / EBAC DCC MB dressing (absolute values)E. Santopinto, M. Giannini, hCQMPRC 86, 065202 (2012)S. Capstick, B.D. Keister (rCQM)PRD51, 3598 (1995)
pCLAS/Hall-C
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 7
S11 Q3A1/2
F15 Q5A3/2P11 Q3A1/2D13 Q5A3/2
F15 Q3A1/2
D13 Q3A1/2
Evidence for the Onset of Scaling?
A1/2 1/Q3
A3/2 1/Q5
Phys. Rev. C80, 055203 (2009)
GM 1/Q4*
q2q
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 8
N → Multipole Ratios REM , RSMPhys. Rev. Lett. 97, 112003 (2006)CLAS
Hall A Hall CMAMIBates
MesonCloudEffect
PascalutsaVanderhaeghen
Sato-Lee
New trend towards pQCD behavior does not show up
CLAS12 can measure GM, REM , and RSM up to Q²~12 GeV²*
REM +1 RSM const
GM,J.-S. 1/Q4 GM,Ash 1/Q5* *
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 9
N(1520)D13 Helicity Asymmetry
world data
10-3
GeV
-1/2
N (UIM, DR)PDG estimation N, N combined analysis N (JM)
Ahel =A1/2
2 – A3/22
A1/22 + A3/2
2
L. Tiator
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015
0
2.5
5
7.5
10
12.5
15
17.5
20
0 1 2 3 4Q GeV
A1/
2*10
00 G
eV
Q GeV
A1/
2*10
00 G
eV
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
0 2 4
Interplay between Meson-Baryon Cloud and Quark Core
E. Santopinto and M. Giannini, PRC 86 (2012) 065202Argonne-Osaka MB dressing (absolute values)
N(1520)3/2- N(1675)5/2-
The almost direct access to• quark core from the data on N(1520)3/2-
• meson-baryon cloud from the data on N(1675)5/2-
sheds light on the transition from the confined quark to the colorless meson-baryon structure and its dependents on the N* quantum numbers.
Quark coredominance
MB cloud dominance
K. Park et al., PRC91 (2015) 045203
10
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 11
New Experimental Results & Approaches
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 12
Single Electroproduction off the DeuteronYe Tian
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 13
Single Electroproduction off the DeuteronYe Tian
Below a missing momentum of 0.2 GeV the measured data coincides with the resolutionsmeared theoretical Fermi momentum distribution.
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 14
Single Electroproduction off the DeuteronYe Tian
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 15
Single - Electroproduction off the DeuteronYe Tian
W = 1125 MeV
W = 1685 MeV
W = 25 MeV
Q2 = 0.2 GeV2
Q2 = 0.7 GeV2
cos() = -0.1cos() = 0.2
= 15o
= 30o
= 345o
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 16
Single - Electroproduction off the DeuteronYe Tian
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 17
W = 1350 MeV W = 1662 MeV
W = 1924 MeV W = 2154 MeV
W = 2362 MeV W = 2441 MeV
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 18
Single Electroproduction off the DeuteronYe Tian
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 19
Single Electroproduction off the DeuteronYe Tian
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 20
Single Electroproduction off the DeuteronYe TianW = 1125 MeV
W = 1685 MeV
W = 25 MeV
Q2 = 0.2 GeV2
Q2 = 0.7 GeV2
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 21
Single Electroproduction off the DeuteronYe Tian
W = 1125 MeV
W = 1685 MeV
W = 25 MeV
Q2 = 0.2 GeV2
Q2 = 0.7 GeV2
Q2 = 0.5 GeV2 Q2 = 0.9 GeV2
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 22
Single - Electroproduction off the DeuteronYe Tian
WW = 25 MeVQ2 = 0.2 GeV2
d -p(p)
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 23
Single - Electroproduction off the DeuteronYe Tian
W = 1212 MeV
W = 25 MeV
Q2 = 0.2 GeV2
Q2 = 0.5 GeV2
cos() = -0.7cos() = 0.2cos() = 0.7
= 15o
= 30o
= 345o
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 24
Single - Electroproduction off the DeuteronYe Tian
W = 1212 MeV
W = 25 MeV
Q2 = 0.2 GeV2
Q2 = 0.7 GeV2
cos() = -0.7cos() = 0.2cos() = 0.7
= 15o
= 30o
= 345o
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 25
Single - Electroproduction off the DeuteronYe Tian
W = 1212 MeV
W = 25 MeV
Q2 = 0.2 GeV2
Q2 = 0.9 GeV2
cos() = -0.7cos() = 0.2cos() = 0.7
= 15o
= 30o
= 345o
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 26
Single - Electroproduction off the DeuteronYe Tian
W = 1212 MeV
W = 25 MeV
Q2 = 0.2 GeV2
Q2 = 0.5 GeV2
cos() = -0.7cos() = 0.2cos() = 0.7
= 15o
= 30o
= 345o
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 27
Single - Electroproduction off the DeuteronYe Tian
W = 1488 MeV
W = 25 MeV
Q2 = 0.2 GeV2
Q2 = 0.5 GeV2
cos() = -0.7cos() = 0.2cos() = 0.7
= 15o
= 30o
= 345o
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 28
Single - Electroproduction off the DeuteronYe Tian
W = 1612 MeV
W = 25 MeV
Q2 = 0.2 GeV2
Q2 = 0.5 GeV2
cos() = -0.7cos() = 0.2cos() = 0.7
= 15o
= 30o
= 345o
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 29
Single - Electroproduction off the DeuteronYe Tian
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 30
Single - Electroproduction off the DeuteronYe Tian
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 31
Single - Electroproduction off the DeuteronYe Tian
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015
Ave
rage
d ov
er w
ide
rang
e
p event yields over W and Q2. Gray shaded area new e1e data set, hatched area at low Q2
already published e1c data G. by Fedotov et al. and hatched area at higher Q2 alreadypublished data in one large Q2 bin by M. Ripani et al..
32
+ - Electroproduction Kinematic CoverageGleb Fedotov
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015
Integrated N Cross Sections Compared to Existing Data
Green already published data (Fedotov et al., PRC79, 015204 (2009)) and blue new e1edata in the overlap region.
33
W (GeV)
(Y
ield
)
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 34
Double Electroproduction off the DeuteronIuliia Skorodomina
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 35
Double Electroproduction off the DeuteronIuliia Skorodomina
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 36
Double Electroproduction off the DeuteronIuliia Skorodomina
with Mx cut
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 37
Double Electroproduction off the DeuteronIuliia Skorodomina
D13(1520)S11(1535)
…
F15(1685)D33(1700)P13(1720)
...
W (GeV)Bold curve W calculated from four-momenta of the final particles and thin curve W calculated from four-momenta of initial particles under the assumption that the target is at rest.
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015
-dependent N Single-Differential Cross Sections
38
Arjun Trivedi
Gleb Fedotov-integrated
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015
-dependent N Single-Differential Cross Sections
39
Arjun Trivedi
Gleb Fedotov-integrated
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015
-dependent N Single-Differential Cross Sections
40
Arjun Trivedi
-integrated -independent
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015
-dependent N Single-Differential Cross Sections
41
Arjun Trivedi
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015
-dependent N Single-Differential Cross Sections
42
Arjun Trivedi
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 43
CLAS12
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 44
CLAS12
Luminosity > 1035 cm-2s-1
Hermeticity Polarization
Baryon Spectroscopy Elastic Form Factors N to N* Form Factors GPDs and TMDs DIS and SIDIS Nucleon Spin Structure Color Transparency…
Central Detector
Forward Detector
1m
CLAS12
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 45
New Forward Time of Flight Detector for CLAS12
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015
All Torus and Vacuum Cambers Installed
47
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 48
Anticipated N* Electrocouplings from Combined Analyses of N/N
Open circles represent projections and all other markers the available results with the 6-GeV electron beam
Examples of published and projected results obtained within 60d for three prominent excited proton states from analyses of N and N electroproduction channels. Similar results are expected for many other resonances at higher masses, e.g. S11(1650), F15(1685), D33(1700), P13(1720), …
The approved CLAS12 experiments E12-09-003 (NM, N) and E12-06-108A (KY) are currently the only experiments that can provide data on NN* electrocouplings for almost all well established excited proton states at the highest photon virtualities ever achieved in N* studies up to Q2 of 12 GeV2, see http://boson.physics.sc.edu/~gothe/research/pub/whitepaper-9-14.pdf.
S11(1535)D13(1520)P11(1440)
CLAS CLAS
CLASHall C
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 49
Dyson-Schwinger Equation (DSE) ApproachDSE approaches provide links between dressed quark propagators, form factors, scattering amplitudes, and QCD.
N* electrocouplings can be determined by applying Bethe-Salpeter / Faddeev equations to 3 dressed quarks while the properties and interactions are derived from QCD.
Impact of a modified momentum dependence of the dressed-quark propagator.
DSE electrocouplings of several excited nucleon states will become available as part of the commitment of the Argonne NL.
Int. J. Mod. Phys. E, Vol. 22, 1330015 (2013) 1-99
Data Fit
I.C. Cloet et al., arXiv:1304.0855[nucl-th]
CLAS CLAS12 EIC
Q2 = 2.75 GeV2 12 GeV2
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 50
Dyson-Schwinger Equation (DSE) ApproachDSE approaches provide links between dressed quark propagators, form factors, scattering amplitudes, and QCD.
N* electrocouplings can be determined by applying Bethe-Salpeter / Faddeev equations to 3 dressed quarks while the properties and interactions are derived from QCD.
DSE calculations of elastic and transition form factors are very sensitive to the momentum dependence of the dressed-quark propagator.
DSE electrocouplings of several excited nucleon states will become available as part of the commitment of the Argonne NL.
Int. J. Mod. Phys. E, Vol. 22, 1330015 (2013) 1-99
Data Fit
I.C. Cloet et al., arXiv:1304.0855[nucl-th]
CLAS CLAS12
Ralf W. Gothe EmNN* 2015, Trento, Italy October 12-16, 2015 51
Summary First high precision photo- and electroproduction data have become available
and led to a new wave of significant developments in reaction and QCD-based theories.
New high precision hadro-, photo-, and electroproduction data off the proton and the neutron will stabilize coupled channel analyses and expand the validity of reaction models, allowing us to investigate and search for baryon hybrids, establish a repertoire of high precision spectroscopy parameters, and measure light-quark-flavor separated electrocouplings over an extended Q2-range,
both to lower and higher Q2, for a wide variety of N* states.
Comparing these results with DSE, LQCD, LCSR, and rCQM will build insights into the strong interaction of dressed quarks and their confinement, the emergence of bare quark dressing and dressed quark
interactions from QCD, and the QCD -function and the origin of 98% of nucleon mass.
A close collaboration of experimentalists and theorists has formed and is needed to push these goals, see Review Article Int. J. Mod. Phys. E, Vol. 22, 1330015 (2013) 1-99, that shall lead to a QCD theory that describes the strong interaction from current quarks to nuclei. ECT*2015 and INT2016.