Post on 25-Oct-2021
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Hot Topics in Heavy Ion Collisions Theory
Jacquelyn Noronha-HostlerUniversity of Houston
RHIC & AGS User’s Meeting 2017June 22th 2017
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Sadly I won’t be able to cover
Electron Ion Collider/Spin(Matt Sievert, Ferdinand Willeke, Salvatore Fazio, BerndSurrow)sPHENIX(Rosi Reed, Anne Sickles, Sanghwa Park)Small Systems(Mark Mace, Shenglu Huang, Heikki Mantysaari)Heavy Flavor(Miguel Escobedo, Zhenyu Ye)
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Equation of State
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Equation of State- Lattice QCD
Equation of State agrees for stout (WB) and HISQ(HotQCD) actions
q
q
WB Phys.Lett. B730 (2014) 99-104HotQCD Phys.Rev. D90 (2014) 094503
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Thermalized charm quarks?
Still questions at µB = 0. Sensitive Observables?
WB Collaboration Nature 539 (2016) no.7627, 69-71
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Large baryon densities
NICER
NICER Neutron Star Satellite(2017)
Beam Energy Scan II RHIC (2017-2019)
Great Collider in China>10 years from now
China
BES
Baryon Density
~2024
until 2025
-2025
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Reconstructing EOS at finite µB from Lattice QCD
Lattice QCD Equation of State+ variable CPSee also J. Noronha Tues and S. Sharma Weds
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280
µB/T=2
µB/T=2.5
µB/T=1
HRG
nS=0, nQ/nB=0.4
n B(T
,µB)
/T3
T [MeV]
O(µB6)
O(µB4)
O(µB2)
HotQCD Phys.Rev. D95 (2017) no.5, 054504
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280
µB/T=2
µB/T=2.5
µB/T=1
HRG
nS=0, nQ/nB=0.4
[P(T
,µB)
-P(T
,0)]/
T4T [MeV]
O(µB6)
O(µB4)
O(µB2)
HotQCD Phys.Rev. D95 (2017) no.5, 054504
Critical Point
No sign of criticality up to µB/T ≤ 2 and T ≥ 0.9Tc for O(µ6B)
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Mapping the phase diagram- part 1
Tf (µB) = T0
(1− κf
2
(µBT0
)2)
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
STAR ALICE Becattini et al.
T f (µ
B) [M
eV]
constant Pεs
crossover lines130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
µB [MeV]
See S. Sharma
Lattice QCD: relatively flatcurvature across µB
Thermal fits consistentlyabove the pseudo-critical T
Missing strange baryons?
π,p K,Λ,Ξ,Ω
Separate lights vs. strange freeze-out temperatures
References
Lattice QCD [HotQCD] PRD95 (2017) no.5, 054504, PRD 83, 014504 (2011); [WB] PLB 751, 559 (2015), JHEP1104, 001 (2011); [INFN] PRD 92, no. 5, 054503 , Thermal Fits [STAR] arXiv:1701.07065; [ALICE]J.Phys.Conf.Ser. 779 (2017) no.1, 012012; Missing Hadrons: PRL113 (2014) no.7, 072001; NPA931 (2014)1108-1113 ; arXiv:1702.01113 2 Temperatures: PRL111 (2013) 202302
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Mapping the phase diagram- part 2
M/σ2 = χ1/χ2
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△△
Tc 2+1 Lattice QCD
TCE net-p,Q's HRG
TCE net-K's HRG
0 100 200 300 400120
130
140
150
160
170
μB [MeV]
T[M
eV]
net-K results including mostup-to-date strange resonances→ Tstr > Tlight
net-K comparisons to LatticeQCD (partial pressures)Tstr ≥ 148 MeV
Lattice
stat+sysstat
sNN =200 GeV
STAR
130 135 140 145 150 155 160 1650
10
20
30
40
50
60
T [MeV]
MK/σ
K2References
Lattice QCD [HotQCD] Phys.Rev. D95 (2017) no.5, 054504, Phys. Rev. D 83, 014504 (2011); [WB] Phys. Lett. B751, 559 (2015), JHEP 1104, 001 (2011); [INFN] Phys. Rev. D 92, no. 5, 054503 , net-p,Q HRG Phys.Lett. B738(2014) 305-310 net-K HRG HRG from [WB] arXiv:1702.01113; Partial Pressures arXiv:1607.02527
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Mapping the phase diagram- part 3
M/σ2 = χ1/χ2
■■ ■
■ ■
■
△△
△
△
△
■■
△△
Tc 2+1 Lattice QCD
TCE net-p,Q's HRG
TCE net-K's HRG
0 100 200 300 400120
130
140
150
160
170
μB [MeV]
T[M
eV]
net-K results including mostup-to-date strange resonances→ Tstr > Tlight
net-K comparisons to LatticeQCD (partial pressures)Tstr ≥ 148 MeV
Lattice
stat+sysstat
sNN =200 GeV
STAR
130 135 140 145 150 155 160 1650
10
20
30
40
50
60
T [MeV]
MK/σ
K2References
Lattice QCD [HotQCD] Phys.Rev. D95 (2017) no.5, 054504, Phys. Rev. D 83, 014504 (2011); [WB] Phys. Lett. B751, 559 (2015), JHEP 1104, 001 (2011); [INFN] Phys. Rev. D 92, no. 5, 054503 , net-p,Q HRG Phys.Lett. B738(2014) 305-310 net-K HRG HRG from [WB] arXiv:1702.01113; Partial Pressures arXiv:1607.02527
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
net-p Skewness vs. kurtosis
κσ2(√
sNN) =χ4χ2
(T , µB)CE =
rB,042︸︷︷︸
rB,031
+ rB,242︸︷︷︸
3rB,231
(µB/T ) +O(µ4B)
MP/σP2
STAR: 0.4 GeV<pt<0.8 GeV
PRL 112 (2014) 032302
SPσP fit
κPσP2 fit
κPσP2
SPσP3 / MP
HRG
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Many caveats:Volume variation vs. centralitybinning V. Skokov et al., PRC (2013)
Efficiencies A.Bzdak,V.Koch, PRC (2012)
Spallation protons
Kinematic/acceptance cutsV. Koch, S. Jeon, PRL (2000)
Protons vs. baryon fluctuationsM. Asakawa and M. Kitazawa, PRC(2012), M.Nahrgang et al., EPJ(2015)
Hadronic interactions J.Steinheimer etal., PRL (2013)
References
Lattice QCD J.Phys.Conf.Ser. 779 (2017) no.1, 012015;
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Modern Critical Point Predictions
●
●
●
●
●
●
Black Hole Engineering
2+1 Lattice QCD (μB
6 )
HBT+FSS
Dyson-Schwinger+Baryons
2 Lattice QCD
2+1 NJLtruncated Dyson-Schwinger
σpT
< pT >+Finite-Size Scaling Exclusion
Unlikely due to transition line
curvature
Allowed Region
0 200 400 600 80050
100
150
200
μB [MeV]
T[M
eV]
References
Lattice QCD [HotQCD]PRD95(17)no.5,054504; Finite-Size ScalingPRC84,011903(11); R. LaceyPRL114(15)no.14,142301; Black Hole Engineering arXiv:1706.00455; 2+1 Polyakov LoopPLB732(14)273;Dyson-SwingerPRD93(16)no.3,034013 ; DGGPRD95(17)no.5,054512; 2+1 NJLIJMPA32(17)no.11,1750061; Oldersummary: Stephanov PoS LAT2006:024,2006
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Modern Critical Point Predictions
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●
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●
●
● ● ● ● ●●
●
Black Hole Engineering
2+1 Lattice QCD (μB
6 )
Dyson-Swinger+Baryons
2+1 NJL
Thermal Fits
net-p,Q fluctuations
truncated Dyson-Swinger
σpT
< pT >+Finite-Size Scaling Exclusion
Unlikely due to transition line
curvature
Allowed Region
0 200 400 600 80050
100
150
200
μB [MeV]
T[M
eV]
References
Lattice QCD [HotQCD]PRD95(17)no.5,054504; Finite-Size ScalingPRC84,011903(11); R. LaceyPRL114(15)no.14,142301; Black Hole Engineering arXiv:1706.00455; 2+1 Polyakov LoopPLB732(14)273;Dyson-SwingerPRD93(16)no.3,034013 ; DGGPRD95(17)no.5,054512; 2+1 NJLIJMPA32(17)no.11,1750061; Oldersummary: Stephanov PoS LAT2006:024,2006
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Transport Coefficients (η/s(T , µB), ζ/s(T , µB),DB(T , µB) ... )
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Theoretical calculations of viscosity at µB = 0
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HRG+HS+QGP
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1.5
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0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
T HMeVLΖ
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References
See references in JNH arXiv:1512.06315
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Bayesian Analysis
Tminη/s = Tpeakζ/s = TSW
0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30Temperature [GeV]
0.0
0.2
0.4
η/s
KSS bound 1/4π
Prior rangePosterior median90% credible region
[DUKE ] arXiv:1704.04462
Small systems?Talks by R. Belmont, M. Mace, S. Huang
(η/s)RHIC ∼ 0.12(η/s)RHIC ∼ 0.06
[McGill] Gabriel Denicol Quark Matter 2017
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Mixed Harmonic Correlations- a solution?
Cm,n,m+n = 〈cos(mφ1 + nφ2 − (m + n)φ3)〉
-120
-80
-40
0
40
× 10-3
(a)C112×Npart2
×10-3
STAR Data -400
0
400
800
× 10-3
Au+Au 200 GeV
(c)C224×Npart2
×10-3
EKRT η/s (T) -50
0
50
× 10-3
(e)C246×Npart2
×10-4
Glauber-Eccent
-80
-40
0
40
80
0 100 200 300
(b)
C123×Npart2
×10-3
Npart
Teany-Yan
-50
0
50
100
150
0 100 200 300
(d)
C235×Npart2
×10-4
Npart
EKRT η/s=0.2
-20
0
20
40
0 100 200 300
(f)
C336×Npart2
×10-4
Npart
IP-Glasma+MUSIC
[STAR] arXiv:1701.06497Need to understand v1, v5, v6 → εn’s or η/s(T ), ζ/s(T )?
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
BES: Viscosity vs. Dynamic Universality Class
No Critical Point
⇑ µB , ⇓ viscosityFrom HRG,Transport: Kadam,Mishra Nucl.Phys. A934(2014) 133-147See also Denicol, Jeon, Gale,Noronha Phys.Rev. C88(2013) no.6, 064901
Critical PointUniversality Class H
Divergence ⇑ inviscosity at CP
3D Ising Model-Mixing betweenchiral condensateand baryon densityPRD70 (2004) 056001
Critical PointUniversality Class B
Finite viscosity atCPPRL115(2015)no.20,202301
AdS/CFT:PRD78 (2008) 106007
AdS/non-CFT:PRD83(2011)086005
Dynamical CP phenomena Review
Rev. Mod. Phys. 49, 435
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Hydrodynamic upgrades needed at the BES
from B. Schenke Tues.
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Diffusion
In water, diffusion increases with temperature
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Diffusion of Baryons
CFT limit
μB=0
μB=100MeV
μB=200MeV
μB=300MeV
μB=400MeV
150 200 250 3000.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
T [MeV]
TDB(T,μB)
non-conformal AdS
along freeze-out line
3 7.7 19.6 62.4 2000.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
s [GeV]
D˜B
Baryons get “stuck" at the critical point- implementation intohydro+new observables needed for BESIIPhys.Rev.Lett. 115 (2015) no.20, 202301 ; arXiv:1704.05558
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Sensitivity to baryon diffusion in hydro
√sNN = 19.6 GeV
C. Shen, G. Denicol, C. Gale, S. Jeon, A. Monnai, B. Schenke, arXiv:1704.04109
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Finding the Chiral Magnetic Effect
Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME)should follow B field
Isobar Run 18Hold v2 (background) constant,vary B field
Deng et al PRC94,041901 (2016)
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Magnetohydrodynamics
Best estimates of B field/initialcharge density
See Talk by S. Shi Tues.
Lifetime of the B Field
See Talk by V. Skokov Tues.
Questions still remain about initial charge density, lifetime of Bfield, axial charge non-conservation. See S. Schlichting Weds
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Question 1: Small Systems
B field no longer aligned with ψ2(arXiv:1610.07964), but signal still seen
Could the proton size growin high multiplicity events?R2
p(s;N) = R2p(s)
NN̄
D. Kharzeev QCD Chirality 2017
Could it be a backgroundeffect?Schlichting and Pratt PRC83,014913 (2011)
What new observables coulddistinguish these scenarios?
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Question 2: Flow Background
Event-shape engineering
[ALICE] QM2017
How does it scale withother vn’s?What about RHIC/smallsystems?Need theoretical models toexplain all observables
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Question 3: Central Collisions
ψ2 and ψB no longeraligned for centralcollisionsB-field consistent with dataWould Event shapeengineering be flat forcentral RHIC collisions?
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Jets fully coupled to a realistic medium
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Coupling jets+relativistic viscous hydrodynamics
Realistic event-by-eventfluctuating hydro backgroundsPRL 116(2016) no.25,252301; PRC 95(2017)no.4,044901
Coupled to advances from pQCDZ. Kang and T. Chien Tues.
Bayesian analysis[JETSCAPE] S. Cao Tues.
Exploration of jet substructure,jet grooming etc
"We call for an agreement between theorists and experimentalists on the appropriate treatment of the background,Monte Carlo generators that enable experimental algorithms to be applied to theoretical calculations, and a clearunderstanding of which observables are most sensitive to the properties of the medium, even in the presence ofbackground. " Connors, Nattrass, Reed, and Salur arxiv:1705.01974
References
Shown Tachibana et al, PRC95(2017)no.4,044909; Others Pang et al, PRC86(2012)024911; HYDJET++ (manypapers); LBT (many papers); Andrade et al, PRC90(2014)no.2,024914; Schule and TomasikPRC90(2014)no.6,064910
Equation of State at finite µB Transport Coefficients Chiral Magnetic Effect Jets+hydro
Outlook
Beam energy scan:Equation of State at finite µB. Almost there for BESCritical Point? Still need hydro updates, work in progress
Transport coefficients:Numerous effective models. Bayesian analysis helpfulBaryon Diffusion promising for CP searches.
Chiral Magnetic Effect:Significant progress made on MagnetohydrodynamicsIsobar run 18 to shed light on signal vs. background
Jets: Efforts underway for combining realisticevent-by-event hydrodynamics+reconstructed jets andBayesian analysis.