Stroke Volume 60-120 mL/beat

Afterload (SVR)

Contractility

CO = HR*SV (4-8 L/min) CI = CO/BSA (2.5 - 4L/min/m2)

Heart Rate 60-100 bpm

Preload (EDV)

Treat Cause Parasympatholitic: atropine Sympathomimetic:: epinephrine Pacemaker

Treat Cause Antidysrhythmics Vagal parasympathetic Electrical therapy

Fluids Blood

Venous Vasodilators Diuretics ACE-Inhibitors ARBS

Cardiac Glycosides Sympathomimetics

B Blockers Ca Channel Blockers

Vasopressors

Arterial Vasodilators ACE-Inhibitors ARBS IABP