Introduction

• Climate Change and Variability Considerations of thepotential impacts of climate change on agriculture shouldbe based not only on the mean values of expected climaticparameters but also on the probability, frequency, andseverity of possible extreme events. Temporal and spatialvariance of meteorological conditions and storms canaffect soil conditions, water availability, agricultural yieldsand susceptibility to pest and pathogen infestations.(Rosenzweig et al 2001 ) .

(GFDL) Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory

(UKMO)United Kingdom Meteorological Office

(GISSA)Goddard Institute for Space Studies

Current carbon dioxide concentration

Climate Change and Extreme Heat Events

While changes in the long-term mean state of climatewill have numerous consequences on a range ofenvironmental, social, and economic sectors, manysignificant impacts of climatic change are likely tocome about from shifts in the intensity and frequencyof extreme weather events( Beniston et al 2004 )

1.3 Definitions of heat wave

Heat wave index A definitionbased on( Frich et al 2002)'sHeat Wave Duration Index isthat a heat wave occurs whenthe daily maximumtemperature of more than fiveconsecutive days exceeds theaverage maximumtemperature by 5ºC , thenormal period being 1961–

1990

study area ( upper Egypt )

Climate change in upper Egypt

Heat waves in upper Egypt

Egyptian metrology data for Luxor governorate October 2014

now all stick holders and farmers know when extreme weather event will come .

So , what is the reaction ?

identify the optimum temperature for each plant stage

wheat . Maize , sugar cane , tomato sorghum

Create link between the 5 days forecast and identify the optimum temperature for each plant stage

Spread the message through different ways

14 climate information centers established in 14 NGOs in 5 governorates

5 extension unit established in agricultural directorates .

first version for wheat , second for sorghum . for sugarcane