Post on 11-May-2018
The Prospects of Threats of Terrorism in Bangladesh
Major General ANM Muniruzzaman, ndc, psc (Retd)President Bangladesh Institute of Peace and Security Studies (BIPSS)
Glimpses of Bangladesh
Muslim Majority South Asian State
Urban Landscape of Bangladesh
Countryside BangladeshCountryside Bangladesh
Originally People with Moderate Mindset & Originally People with Moderate Mindset & Homogenous Population Homogenous Population
Same land, different voices
Radicalization ProcessRadicalization Process
Secular vibe hindered
Radicalization ProcessRadicalization Process
Growing Intolerance Widespread religiousViolence
Radicalization ProcessRadicalization Process
Militants intrude into the political system
Trends of Radicalization in BangladeshTrends of Radicalization in Bangladesh
Islam is the state religion
Trends of Radicalization in BangladeshTrends of Radicalization in Bangladesh
Trends of Radicalization in BangladeshTrends of Radicalization in Bangladesh
Rigidity in Faith Squeezed Moderate Spaces
Terrorist incidents in BangladeshTerrorist incidents in Bangladesh
Since 1999, Attacks by Islamist Militants Have Been Increasing
Lawyers and Judges
Terror Attacks in BangladeshTerror Attacks in Bangladesh
Terrorizing Judicial System to adopt Islamic rules and Laws In 2005 bomb attack killed two judges. Bomb attack in the Court Areas of Chittagong and Gazipur killed 10 persons.
Terror Attacks in BangladeshTerror Attacks in Bangladesh
Simultaneous bomb blasts in
63 districts out of 64 district
at a time on 17th August, 2005
Attack in front of the office
of Deputy Commissioner (DC)
in Gajipur.
State Administration
National Political Parties Targeted
Terror Attacks in BangladeshTerror Attacks in Bangladesh
Grenade attack on Ex Prime MinisterHasina during a political rally on August21, 2004.Killed: 20Injured: More than 200
Terror Attacks in BangladeshTerror Attacks in Bangladesh
British High Commissioner attacked in Sylhet
Diplomats and Foreigners
Transnational LinkagesTransnational Linkages
The Growing International Linkages
Existing Radical Groups in BangladeshExisting Radical Groups in Bangladesh
Name of the Organizatio
n
Date of establishmen
t
Est. Strength
Status
Operates Aims & Remarks
Harkat-ul-Jihad Islmai, Bangladesh¥, HUJI-B
1992 3000+ A Bng Recruit Bng and Indian Muslims to fight in Kashmir under HuM estb by al-Qaeda
Hizbut Towhid
1994 n.k A Bng Anti-traditional Gov.
Islami Biplobi Parishad (IBP)
2001 n.k A Bng Estb Islamic state.
[Source: The Military Balance 2007, The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS), p-433-434]
Name of the Organization
Date of establishmen
t
Est. Strengt
h
Status Operates Aims & Remarks
Islami Ch’attra Shibir (ICS)
1941 n.k A Bng Militant organization seeking Taliban style regime in Bng, student wing of Jamaat-e-Ismali, Bng, 3rd largest political party.
Jagrata Muslim Janata Bangladesh (JMJB)
1998 n.k A Bng End activities of left wing extremist groups in in north west, est Islamic rule in Bng, Taliban ideology, possible splinter of JMB
Jama’at ul Mujahideen Bangladesh (JMB)
1998 10,000 A Bng Estb Islamic rule in Bng, oppose democracy.
Purba Bangla Communist Party
1968 1000+ A Bng Armed struggle, rid Bng of class exploitation, estb communist gov.
Existing Radical Groups in BangladeshExisting Radical Groups in Bangladesh
Existing Radical Groups in BangladeshExisting Radical Groups in Bangladesh
Name of the Organization
Date of establishment
Est. Strength
Status Operates Aims & Remarks
Shahadat al Hiqma
1996 n.k A N. Bng Liberation struggle.
Shanti Bahini, Peace force
1976 3000 D Bng Fight for autonomy of CHT, armed wing of Parbatyia Chattagram Jana Samhati Samity. Disbanded 1998 with possible remaining cells.
Borok National Council of Tripura
2000 n.k A Bng & Ind Splinter of separatist National Liberation front of Tripura.
Rohingya Solidarity Organization
1982 100-200+ A Bng & Myanmar
Separate states for Rohingya Muslims in Arakan region of Myanmar.
Causes of RadicalizationCauses of RadicalizationWidespread Poverty. 56 Million People live under poverty line.Social Inequality and Deprivation (2000-2005, number of Hard Core Poor People Increased 3 Million).Large Youth Population and Unemployment.Confused religious identity. Unregulated Money flowLack of Freedom, Democracy and Political Space.Poor governance and the failure of the state to deliver.Politicization of Islam.
External FactorsExternal Factors
Influence of International Terrorist Groups.
External FactorsExternal Factors
The notion of the clash of civilization
The perception of the International Context
External FactorsExternal Factors
The concept of “Islam under Attack”
The Impact of Strategic The Impact of Strategic CommunicationCommunication
Thank YouThank You
Bangladesh Institute of Peace and Security Studies (BIPSS)