FORENSIC FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGYPSYCHOLOGY

Making A CaseMaking A Case

PROFILING – THE BOTTOM-UP PROFILING – THE BOTTOM-UP APPROACHAPPROACH

Purpose of Profiling Purpose of Profiling

IdentificationsIdentifications SuggestionsSuggestions PredictionsPredictions RehabilitationsRehabilitations Fictional killer

Hannibal Lecter despised profiling

The CIA keeps updating its profile on Osama Bin Ladin

Theories of Profiling 1Theories of Profiling 1 BEHAVIOURISBEHAVIOURIS

MM LearningLearning EnvironmentEnvironment ConsistencyConsistency Real life e.g.sReal life e.g.s

Ivan Pavlov – classical

conditioning

BF Skinner – operant

conditioning

Creating A ProfileCreating A Profile The offenceThe offence The siteThe site VictimologyVictimology Interaction Interaction

stylestyleTed Bundy preyed on girls who reminded him of his

college sweetheart

Bottom-Up profilingBottom-Up profiling

Like Tarot cardsLike Tarot cards Or form tutor Or form tutor

I.L.P.sI.L.P.s

UK profiling 1UK profiling 1

Follows BEHAVIOURIST Follows BEHAVIOURIST approachapproach

Doesn’t categorise Doesn’t categorise offendersoffenders

Looks for consistency in Looks for consistency in behaviourbehaviour

Criminal Consistency Criminal Consistency HypothesisHypothesis

David CanterDavid Canter (1994) (1994)

UK profiling 2UK profiling 2

““Railway Rapist”, 1985Railway Rapist”, 1985 John DuffyJohn Duffy Criminals act in a consistent wayCriminals act in a consistent way clues about non-criminal lifestyleclues about non-criminal lifestyle speech patternsspeech patterns InterestsInterests ObsessionsObsessions ways of behavingways of behaving

Canter & Heritage (1990)Canter & Heritage (1990)

CONTENT ANALYSISCONTENT ANALYSIS 6666 2727 SMALLEST-SPACE SMALLEST-SPACE

ANALYSISANALYSIS

vaginal intercoursevaginal intercourse no reaction to the no reaction to the

victimvictim impersonal languageimpersonal language surprise attacksurprise attack victim's clothing victim's clothing

disturbeddisturbed 5-FACTOR THEORY5-FACTOR THEORY

EvaluationEvaluation ScientificScientific StatisticsStatistics Not trying to “think like Not trying to “think like

a criminal”a criminal” Deduce facts about the Deduce facts about the

offenderoffender BUT… time consumingBUT… time consuming Pressure on policePressure on police DNA evidenceDNA evidence