Post on 29-Dec-2015
Final Exam Study Guide
Ms. Wishart – Reading
Vocabulary Words
1. Algae – a type of plant with no stems or leaves that grows in the water or on wet things
2. Aptitude – a talent for something3. Autism – a mental condition that makes it hard for a person to relate to
others.4. Barrier – a limit, rule, or idea that keeps people from doing something5. Boycott – to show that you are against something by ignoring it or
refusing to deal with it6. Certified – holding a paper that states you have been trained to do
something7. Creation – something that is made8. Culture – the beliefs and ways of life of a certain group of people.9. Digital – made up of thousands of very small signals10. Discrimination – unfair treatment of someone because of race, age, or
some other factor.
Vocabulary Words
1. Disorder – a problem or illness2. Document – a formal piece of writing 3. Document - to make a record of something by writing about it or
filming it4. Dominate – to have power over someone or something5. Fabricate – to make up6. Generation – all the people who were born at about the same time7. Habitat – a sealed place in which people can live and work8. Headdress – something worn on a person’s head for decoration9. Illustration – a drawing that goes with written or spoken words10.Implement- a tool or other useful object
Vocabulary Words1. Implement- to put a plan into effect2. License – a paper or card that gives someone permission to
do something 3. License - freedom or liberty to act in a certain way4. Mythology – a group of stories belonging to one culture and
telling about their gods, heroes, and history5. Origin – the beginning of something6. Peer – someone of the same age and social class7. Peer – to look carefully at something that is hard to see8. Persistent – to continue doing something difficult9. Post – to put up for people to see 10. Post – to score points in a game
Vocabulary Words
1. Procedure – the correct way of doing something2. Prong – a thin point at the end of something3. Realistic – showing something as it really is4. Refurbish – to make something cleaner, brighter, or more useful5. Regular – usual or normal6. Robot – a machine that can be programmed to do certain jobs7. Sonar – a system that uses sound waves and echoes to find
underwater objects8. Toxic – poisonous9. Unwholesome- harmful to health10. Urban – having to do with a city
Words PartsPrefix Base/Root Suffix Meaning Example
Dis- To do the opposite of Disprove = to prove the opposite
Non- Not or without Nonsense = without sense
Ir- Not Irrational = not rational
Il- Not Illegal = not legal
Mit To send Admit = to send payment
In- Not Invisible = not visible
Im- Not Not polite
-ness The state or quality of Nervousness = the state or being nervous
De- To reverse, to get rid of or to get off of Derail = to get off the rails
Aud Hear
-er A person who ____ Teacher = a person who teaches
aqua Water Aquatic = having to do with water
Identifying the Main Idea: W-I-N
WWho or what is the paragraph or section mostly about?
IWhat is the most important information about the who or what?
NWrite the main idea in a small number of words.
Stated Main Idea vs. Unstated Main IdeaStated Main Idea Unstated Main Idea
A sentence in the paragraph that tells what the paragraph is about. The main idea is stated directly in the paragraph.
You must use information from the paragraph to form your own statement of the main idea. The main idea is unstated.
Infer and Inference
When you figure something out, you infer, or make an inference. To make an inference, you combine information from the text with what you already know to come up with new information.
Information from the text + What I already know
Questioning Strategy
After we read a text, I ask you questions about the text. Good questions will include words such as: who, what, where, when, why, and how.
Pulling Together Questions
• Prediction-MatchingHow does the information in the text confirm our
prediction?• SummarizingWhat main points does the author want to get
across?• Connecting To Other TextsHow are artificial photos similar to the articles in
tabloids?
Long vs. Short Vowels
Directions: Create the chart to your right and then fill it in using the following words. Which words have a short vowel sound? Which words have a long vowel sound?
BiteCakeCatChuteGeneJumpSipSpotTestWoke
Short Vowel Sound
Long Vowel Sound
A
E
I
O
U
* Hint – difference between a long vowel sound and a short vowel sound, is that long vowels sound just like the letter name.
MapCupTenVoteTubeWhiteZipTapeDebateJob
Comparing and Contrasting
What is comparing?• Comparing is telling how things
are alike.Some words/phrases used to
compare:• Like• Just as• Similar• Both• Also• Too
What is contrasting?• Contrasting is telling how things
are different.Some words/phrases used to
contrast:• Unlike• Different• But• In contrast• On the other hand
Persuasive Texts• In a persuasion text, an author tries to convince
readers to take a certain action or to accept a certain way of thinking.
• Most persuasive texts contain 4 elements:– Opinion Statement– Supporting Reasons and Details– Counterargument – Conclusion
Opinion StatementAn opinion statement states the author’s opinion – what he or she wants you, the reader, to think or do. An opinion is a belief based on feelings and knowledge about an issue. It cannot be absolutely proven, as a fact can be. An opinion statement often has the word should or believe which indicates that it is an opinion.
Supporting Reasons
A reason tells why the reader should agree with the author’s opinion. Reasons often follow the word because.
DetailsIt is important to give reasons why someone should agree with your opinion statement. Simply stating a reason isn’t enough to persuade someone. An author has to add to the reason by giving examples, details, or other information.
CounterargumentThe author of a persuasive text often will include opinions that go against his or her own opinion. He or she will state these opinions in order to argue against them. When the writer tells why an opposing idea is not true and why his or her own idea is better, the writer is presenting a counterargument. Counterarguments serve 2 purposes:•They show that the writer is aware of other, different opinions•They drain the power from opponents’ arguments
Conclusion
In a conclusion, the writer summarizes his or her argument and tries to make a strong, lasting impression on the reader. Author can do this in different ways:•Restate the opinion•Restate reasons•Give new or startling information•Provide quotation from someone respected or famous
Abbreviations
Sometimes, when a word or phrase is used frequently, people abbreviate it to make it easier to use.
One way to abbreviate a word is to shorten it. For example “ad”.
ad = advertisement What other abbreviations are a shortened form of a longer word?
Mac and fridge What do they stand for?
Mac = Macintosh fridge = refrigerator
AbbreviationsAnother way to create an abbreviation is to use the first letter of each word in a phrase. For example “IM.” What two words do the letters I and M stand for?
Instant messageThese kinds of abbreviations are called acronyms.1. What other phrases are acronyms?
BTW, scuba, A/C, and USA2. What does each stand for?•BTW = By The Way•SCUBA = Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus•A/C = Air Conditioning •USA = United State of America