How bacterial growth is affected using oil and powder extracts of Curcuma longa?Arry PatelVicki Stanavitch, Dr. Dorothy Anthony, Jason KovalKeystone CollegeDate: 17th April , 2013

Background Information Curcuma longa (C. longa)

A Perennial herb1

Curcumin, an active ingredient1

Commonly known as “Turmeric” Raw, dried, powder and oil1

Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet, cholesterol lowering, antibacterial and anti-fungal effects1

Figure 1: Turmeric plant from Turmeric.co.in

Why I chose this topic? Personal use or learning of

turmeric powder Wondering how Turmeric oil can

be useful? Determine the healing effect

Oil and powder extracts

Figure 2: Turmeric Powder from Mothernaturenetwork

Figure 3: Turmeric Oil by Anand Oil website

Purpose The purpose of my research is to determine how

bacterial growth is affected using oil and powder extract of Curcuma longa.

Methods Oil and powder extraction

Soxhlet apparatus Reverse Dean-Stark method

Figure 5: Reverse Dean-Stark from Fischer ScientificFigure 4: Soxhelt Apparatus from

Fischer Scientific

Methods 7 bacterium

S.aureus, S.albus, S.epidermis, B.cereus, B.subtilis, E.coli, P.aeruginosa

Agar Diffusion Method using Muller Hinton agar medium

3 trials Concentrations:

0.1ml - 0.5ml per trial per bacteria. Incubated the agar plates at 37° C for

24 hours. Measured zone of inhibition in

millimeters.

Bacteria Gram Positive or Gram negative

B.cereus +

B.subtilis +

E.coli -

S.aureus +

S.epidermis +

S.albus +

P.aeruginosa -

Table 1: Bacteria used for the project

Results

Figure 6: 0.1 ml Turmeric Oil

B.cereus B.subtilis E.coli

S.aureus S.epidermis S.albus

P.aeruginosaGraph 1: Zone of Inhibition at 0.1ml Turmeric oil

Results

Graph 2 : Zone of Inhibition at 0.2 ml Turmeric oil Figure 7: 0.2 ml Turmeric oil

B.cereus B.subtilis E.coli

S.aureus S.epidermis S.albus

P.aeruginosa

Results

Figure 8: 0.3 ml Turmeric Oil P.aeruginosaGraph 3: Zone of Inhibition at 0.3 ml Turmeric oil

B.cereus B.subtilis E.coli

S.aureus S.epidermis S.albus

Results

Figure 9 : 0.4 ml Turmeric OilGraph 4: Zone of Inhibition at 0.4 ml Turmeric oil P.aeruginsoa

S.aureus S.epidermis S.albus

B.cereus B.subtilis E.coli

Results

Figure 10: 0.5 ml Turmeric Oil Graph 5: Zone of Inhibition at 0.5 ml Turmeric oil

B.cereus B.subtilis E.coli

S.aureus S.epidermis S.albus

P.aeruginosa

Results Inhibition zone increases as the concentration of

turmeric oil increases for gram positive bacteria. But little or no bacterial inhibition on gram

negative bacteria. P.aeruginosa

No inhibition zone

Results

Figure 11 : 0.1 ml Turmeric powder Graph 6: Zone of Inhibition at 0.1 ml Turmeric powder

B.cereus B.subtilis E.coli

S.aureus S.epidermis S.albus

P.aeruginosa

Results

Figure 12: 0.2 ml Turmeric powder Graph 7: Zone of Inhibition at 0.2 ml Turmeric powder

P.aeruginosa

S.aureus S.epidermis S.albus

E.coliB.subtilisB.cereus

Results

Figure 13: 0.3 ml Turmeric powder Graph 8: Zone of Inhibition at 0.3 ml Turmeric powder

B.cereus B.subtilis E.coli

S.aureus S.epidermis S.albus

P.aeruginosa

Results

Figure 14: 0.4 ml Turmeric powder Graph 9: Zone of Inhibition at 0.4ml Turmeric powder

B.cereus B.subtilis E.coli

S.aureus S.epidermis S.albus

P.aeruginosa

Results

Figure 15: 0.5 ml Turmeric powderGraph 10:Zone of Inhibition at 0.5 ml Turmeric powder

B.cereus B.subtilis E.coli

S.aureus S.epidermis S.albus

P.aeruginosa

Results Used Oneway ANOVA in SPSS to statistically

analyze the results. There is statistically a significant difference in

bacterial inhibition among different types of bacteria (gram +/gram -) using turmeric oil. 0.000, 0.006, 0.002 (p-value<0.05)

There is statistically no significant difference in bacterial inhibition among different types of bacteria (gram +/ gram -)using turmeric powder. 0.779, 0.066, 0.004 (p-value >0.05)

Results It is also analyzed that the effect of oil and powder

extracts is noticeable more in gram positive bacteria than in gram negative bacteria.

Discussion One study done in Nepal presented that antibacterial

activity of Curcuma longa is “more prominent on the Gram positive bacteria than the Gram negative bacteria .”2

Because of Difference in sensitivity 2

Difference in morphological organization in microorganisms 2

Another past study stated that Curcuma Longa aqueous extract possessed good antimicrobial activity at low concentration.3

Acknowledgement Dr. Dorothy Anthony Vicki Stanavitch Christine Paraise Jason Koval Dr. Patricia Miller KC Security

References 1. Alavijeh, P. K., Alavijeh, P. K., & Sharma, D. (2012). A study of antimicrobial

activity of few medicinal herbs. Asian Journal of Plant Science and Research, 2(4), 496-502. ISSN: 2249-7412

2. Chanda, S., & Baravalia, Y. (2010). Screening of some plant extracts against some skin diseases caused by oxidative stress and microorganisms. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9(21), 3210-3217. ISSN: 1684–5315

3. Niamsa, N., & Sittiwet, C. (2009). Antimicrobial activity of curcuma longa aqueous extract. Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 4(4), 173-177. ISSN:1816-496X

4. http://www.mnn.com/sites/default/files/Turmeric_main_0127.jpg5. http://www.anandaapothecary.com/oil-im/turmeric.jpg6. http://www.turmeric.co.in/images/turmeric_plant.gif7. http://www.fishersci.com/ecomm/servlet/fsproductdetail_10652_633906_29104_-1_08. http://www.fishersci.com/ecomm/servlet/fsproductdetail?

productId=632328&catCode=RE_SC&&storeId=10652#