F08 – 72 – OUTGRESPF08 – 72 – OUTGRESPFirst Contingency Outage First Contingency Outage

Response for SIUCResponse for SIUCClient: SIUC Physical Plant Engineering ServicesTeam Members: Rudy Probst, EE

Kyle Moore, EETerry Campanella, PM,

EE/CpEClint Frederick, EEPhil Craig, EETanner Jones, EE

Faculty Advisor: Dr. Constantine HatziadoniuClient Contact: Steve Lazorchak, PE

Outline of TopicsOutline of TopicsExecutive Summary – RudyDescription, Options, and Justification –

KyleMechanical Considerations Subsystem –

TerrySystem Protection Subsystem – ClintUniversal Transformer Subsystem – PhilSummary – Tanner

Executive SummaryExecutive Summary

Issue: Major transformer failure Summer 2008 causing a major outage

Project: Reduce outage time

Typically SIUC reacts to failure instead of preparation

Executive SummaryExecutive SummaryExpectations

◦Feeder diagram for fault protection◦Emergency transformer◦Mechanical restrictions◦Outage plan

Outcome◦Simulation of feeder diagram◦Transformer recommendation◦Recommendations to reduce outage

time

Executive SummaryExecutive SummaryResults

◦Feeder diagram not as accurate as desired◦On time◦On budget

Estimated cost to implement: ~$92,000

Time to implement: Estimated 8 months

Cost of study: $0

Options InvestigatedOptions InvestigatedDo nothingPurchase 1 transformerPurchase 2 transformersMobile transformer3 banked single-phase

transformersForm consortium to share costs

Option ChosenOption ChosenPurchase two transformers

◦Covers both 480V and 208V transformers◦Covers most indoor transformers on feeder

7

Investigate consortium option◦Many other institutions have similar issues◦Coverage against failure of two

transformers with same secondary voltage

Subsystems FlowchartsSubsystems Flowcharts

First Contingency Outage Response for

SIUC

Mechanical Considerations

System ProtectionUniversal

Transformer Replacement

Implementing recommendations:◦ Will reduce outage time at least eight hours◦Saves money after five uses of each

transformers

Cost and Time to Cost and Time to ImplementImplementCosts

◦Two $46,000 transformers◦Storage facility

Time◦Analyze, confirm, and design

replacement : 20 man-hours◦Finalize contracts to build: eight

man-hours◦Prepare storage area: unknown◦Develop plan to replace transformers:

58 man-hours

Mechanical ConsiderationsMechanical ConsiderationsEngineering C – 2 transformers

◦No clear pathway to the surface◦Tunnels covered with desks, coal

samples, chairs, file cabinets, etc.◦Will have to avoid steam piping and

ledges

Replacement LocationReplacement LocationLimited by breaker handles

◦Block pathway to open area of electrical room

Wide open space at backside of electrical room◦Need cabling to avoid access

locations◦Nails in ceiling limit ability to run

cabling

Limiting FactorsLimiting Factors

Problems at ArenaProblems at Arena

Ideal Tunnel…Ideal Tunnel…

Actual Tunnel…Actual Tunnel…

System ProtectionSystem ProtectionEnsure that replacement

transformers and the electrical system will be properly protected against fault currents

Chose feeder seven to do a protection study

Built a model in EasyPowerSystem data

System ProtectionSystem ProtectionReplaced the present transformers

with our specified replacement transformers◦ 1000 kVA 12,470 V Δ – 4160 V Δ / 480

V Y %Z = 4.5

◦ 1000 kVA 12,470 V Δ – 4160 V Δ / 208 V Y %Z = 4.5

Ran the simulation

Time-Current Characteristic Time-Current Characteristic CurveCurve

Universal TransformerUniversal TransformerMust be electrically and

mechanically compatibleSeveral options consideredFourteen of fifteen transformers

208 V or 480 V secondary voltageThirteen of fifteen transformers

rated 1000 kVA or lessMost outdoor transformers are

non-critical

Mobile TransformerMobile Transformer

Determined to be non-feasibleCable length to transformer

location presents problems◦Voltage drop◦Safety hazards◦Security of power system

SummarySummaryReduce outage periods

Save money for SIUC

Recommend database for all power equipment at SIUC

Estimated cost to implement: ~$92,000

Time to implement: estimated 8 months

Summary - Summary - AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements

Steve Lazorchak

Damon Adams

Rob EstesJustin HarrellRick Martin

Joe WolfeKeith FieldMrs. PurcellDr. Hatziadoniu