Post on 23-Feb-2016
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European Dictators
Adolf Hitler
Joseph Stalin
Benito Mussolini
Adolf Hitler
Had a very tough childhood at the hands of his strict & abusive father
A failed artist & student
World War I
Fought in WWI & was wounded
The Great Speaker
Hitler begins his political career as a member of the German Worker’s Party in 1919.
Became a great public speaker.
The Swastika
Hitler changes the name of the Fascist Worker’s Party to the National Socialist German Worker’s Party or NAZI for short.
The Secret Police
Hitler’s “Brown Shirts” or SA&SS (secret police) eventually become 1,000,000 strong
Hitler the Writer
Wrote “Mein Kampf” while in prison 1925-26. Spoke of revenge against France & the Treaty Of Versailles. Also spoke of a pure Aryan Germany
Supreme Dictator
Became Supreme Dictator “ in January 1933- Uses brute force & murder against any & all detractors. Called himself “der Fuhrer” (The Leader)
Hitler's Army
The Expansion of Germany
Begins his quest for expansion in 1936 by moving troops into the Rhineland
Into Austria & The Sudetenland in 1938
Munich agreement = Appeasement
WWII BREAKS OUT
Hitler invades Poland on September 1, 1939
On September 3, 1939 Great Britain & France declare war on Germany
WWII begins
Benito Mussolini Had a very tough
childhood. He was kicked out of several schools. Stabbed a fellow student when he was 10 years old.
Stuttered as a child but over came this to become a powerful public speaker
Mussolini the Teacher?
Mussolini became a teacher in Switzerland but was not able to find a job
Mussolini during WWI
Like Hitler Mussolini fought & was wounded during WWI. (He got injured during grenade practice.)
Mussolini enters politics
Starts the Fascist movement throughout Italy (Politics based on an extreme form of nationalism and patriotism often linked to racism)
Mussolini’s Private Army Mussolini’s
black shirts (foot soldiers) become very powerful & violent.
Very loyal to their Fascist leader.
Becoming Prime Minister
Becomes Prime Minister of Italy in 1922. Uses this position to spread fascism and destroy his detractors.
Il DUCE
In 1925 Mussolini becomes Supreme Dictator and takes the title “Il Duce” (the leader)
Expanding Italy Begins his
quest for expansion in 1935 by invading Ethiopia.
League of Nations does nothing.
Joseph Stalin (U.S.S.R.)
Born Joseph Vissarionovich Djugashvili Stalin in 1879
Very tough childhood at the hands of his alcoholic and abusive father
Stalin the student
Very good student in school but was also very problematic.
Rebellious youth
Arrested, jailed and exiled numerous times in his early life
Superman wannabe Takes the
name Stalin (man of steel) in 1910
Stalin & Lenin
Works under Lenin during the Russian Civil War 1918-1920
Lenin dies in 1924 and Stalin takes ruthless steps to become his successor.
Stalin’s secret police Stalin’s private
police kill millions of dissidents.
By 1929 Stalin gets rid of all rivals in his party & is the sole force of government.
Stalin the communist
Like Lenin Stalin was a staunch communist who put the state (himself) above everything!
Soviet Industrial Revolution
Stalin works on an Industrial Revolution instead of aggressively acquiring land.
This included building military weapons.
Preparing for war.
What about Japan
Japan is very unpopular in the West. (Europe & U.S.)
U.S. limits Japanese immigrants 1924 because of fear they would “take over” the west.
In Japan Military Rules
Emperor Hirohito assumes power in 1926.
Throughout the 1930’s the military gains control of government.
Japanese Expansion
Japan invades Manchuria, Russia & China during the 1930’s.
General Tojo becomes Prime Minister in 1938.
U.S. & Britain react
League of Nations criticizes war with China.
Japan quits the League.
Britain & U.S. place an oil embargo against Japan.
Japan joins the Axis Powers In 1940 Japan joins the
Axis Powers. Axis Powers The principal countries constituting the Axis Powers were Germany, Italy and Japan. Hungary, Bulgaria, and Romania also fought with the Axis Powers.