Equipment Installation

Voice

Advanced Skill Set Not for the beginner

VOIP (Voice over Internet Protocol)

• “Internet telephony refers to communications services —voice, fax, Short Message Service, and/or voice-messaging applications— that are transported via the Internet, rather than the public switched telephone network (PSTN).” Wikipedia

• Resides on the HSD portion of cable networks

• Much greater flexibility than the switched network – Voice mail and call history can be checked from anywhere

via the internet

– Call notification as well as messages can occur via e-mail.

VOIP Quality of Service • “Things to consider are:

– Latency: Delay for packet delivery

– Jitter: Variations in delay of packet delivery

– Packet loss: Too much traffic in the network causes the network to drop packets

– Burstiness of Loss and Jitter: Loss and Discards (due to jitter) tend to occur in bursts”

• Quoted from: http://www.voip-info.org/wiki/view/QoS

• DOCSIS---Gives voice packets priority

PSTN • “The public switched telephone network (PSTN) is the

network of the world's public circuit-switched telephone networks.

• It consists of – telephone lines,

– fiber optic cables,

– microwave transmission links,

– cellular networks,

– communications satellites, and

– undersea telephone cables,

– all inter-connected by switching centers, thus allowing any telephone in the world to communicate with any other.” Wikipedia

ITU

• International Telecommunication Union

– Agency of UN

– ITU coordinates the shared global use of the radio spectrum

– Establishes world wide standards

– ITU formally Defined Wikipedia

Circuit Switched

• 10 digits

– Area code (3)

– Central office switch number (3)

– Telephone line (4)

• LNP / FMNP Ability to transfer lines to another service

– LNP Local Number Portability for fixed lines

– FMNP Full Mobile Number Portability (cell phones)

PSTN / Cable Phone

• PSTN

– control and voltage come from Central office

• Cable phone

– Power, dial tone, ring etc. come from eMTA

Off-hook (phone is in use)

• “The condition that exists when a telephone or other user instrument is in use, i.e., during dialing or communicating.

• Note: off-hook originally referred to the condition that prevailed when telephones had a separate earpiece (i.e., receiver), which hung from its switchhook until the user wished to activate it. The weight of the receiver no longer depresses the spring-loaded switchhook, thereby connecting the instrument to the telephone line.”

http://www.dreamstime.com/stock-photography-vintage-candlestick-phone-white-background-image25820822

Supervisory Voltage

• Is applied to the MTA/eMTA phone while the phone is on hook (i.e. not in use)

• This voltage is what tells the MTA/eMTA the phone is off hook (in use)

• Should be -48vDC

– http://www.flashcardmachine.com/cct4-mod-41workingwithbusinessclassequipment.html

CBR / UGS

• UGS Unsolicited Grant Service – Enables voice packets to have priority in the VOIP

system

– Without priority voice packets may arrive out of sequence

• CBR Constant Bit Rate – Enabled through DOCSIS to use UGS

• UGS/CBR Reduces latency and jitter

• Refer to pg. 13.4

8P8C

• RJ 45 connector • Ethernet cables are terminated

with RJ45 connectors. – Often termed an 8P8C connector,

this means there are eight positions which are occupied by eight contacts

• Pg. 13-5 – RG-11 is a 4P4C (4pin, 4

connection). However it is universally used as a 6p6c, can be used 2,4 or 6 wire configuration

RJ-11

• Pin 3 & 4 would support 1 line.

• 2 & 5 a second line

• 1 & 6 a third

• Image from Cisco: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/voice_ip_comm/unity/3x/failover/guide/31/FOG_400.html

Demarcation

• Point where phone company responsibility ends and customer responsibility begins

• Network interface device

Monitored Alarm Systems

• http://wwwb.comcast.com/home-security/?CMP=KNC-IQ_ID_47325674-VQ2-g-VQ3--VQ6-28347533025&iq_id=47325674

ILEC

• Prior to installation disconnect from the Incumbent local exchange carrier (ILEC)

• Currents from both carriers could present a hazard

Qualifying the Drop

• See Chapter 10

MoCA VOIP Amplifier

• Home Amplifier

– Comscope Amplifier

– Features VOIP passive connecter that is not powered so phone will work when power is lost

– This is not the case with older home amplifiers

RJ31-X • Provides for line seizure in alarm systems: • “Standard digital communicators use a regular dial

tone phone line in order to send their signals to the Central Station.

• An alarm message is somewhat like a fax transmission, with a dial sequence, a handshake, a data transmission, another handshake and a hang up.

• If the line is in use when an alarm message starts, or a phone instrument is left off hook, there needs to be a way to clear the line and override all other call activity. Otherwise, the signal could be seriously delayed or blocked completely.”

• Quoted from Verizon.net

DACT

• Digital alarm communicator transmitter

http://www.cpeinterlink.com/fire.html

Example of DACT

FACP: Fire

Alarm Control Panel

Inside wiring - Hybrid

• Pg. 13.10

– eMTA Home Run (HR) method

– eMTA Hybrid using HR & loop

66M1-50 Block

• Punch Down Block

• Supports up to 50 pairs of twisted pair cables

• The name 66 has to do with the part number

• Picture to the right from Amazon.com

Bridge Clip

• Picture to the right from Amazon.com

• Provide electrical continuity between right and left side of block

Tip and Ring

• Tip is ground (it is positive with respect to the ring ) +

• Ring is battery (negative voltage) – Lord of the Rings—ring was negative

T568A standard

• T568C standard addresses phone wiring

• How to wire a phone jack

http://www.lanshack.com/wire_phone_jack.aspx

Outlets

• See pg 13.12

• Modular Connector

– Allows for variation in inputs

PS2?

Measuring Ground Fault pg. 13.16

• Text error

– Should not be measuring an AC voltage with meter set to measure Ohms

Shorts and Crosses

• See 13.16

• Opens and Shorts

Polarity Reversal

• Pg 13.17

Digital Phone Installation

• Read pg 13.18-13.20

• Don’t like to directly read, but a lot of detail

192.168.100.1 from my eMTA

192.168.100.1 from my eMTA (DOCSIS 2 Modem)

Hardware Firmware Versions

Event Log

Event Log cont.

Provisioning

TFTP file: provisions modem for up and down speeds pg. 12.14

CM State

Provisioning

• “Provisions eMTA with the CMTS to allow communications between the eMTA and the headend

• Places the device on the customers account for billing” pg. 13.22

Silver Satin

• Line chord

– 7,14 or 25 foot length

– See pg 13.32

Modular Jacks / Connector

• Modular outlets can be easily upgraded.

• “The term "modular connector" arose from its original use in a novel system of cabling designed to make telephone equipment more modular.” also “RJ”

Siemens Product http://www.automation.siemens.com/mcms/industrial-communication/en/ie/cabling-technology/fast-connect-modular-outlet/pages/fast-connect-modular-outlet.aspx

Station Wire

• Station wire-Originally the term used for the twisted pair telephone wire used to connect "stations“ (telephones and other terminal equipment) to PBXs.

• Also used to describe the wire used to connect the telephones in customers' homes to the NIU (network interface unit) that provides the interface to the local telephone provider. Quoted from SCTE glossary

What kind of wire is this?

Twisted pair

Line chord

Patch Panel Requires

punch down tool

http://images.google.com/images?hl=en&q=scotchlok%20wire%20connector%20uy&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&tab=wi

Vetco Electronics http://shop.vetcosurplus.com/catalog/

UY connectors enable connecting wires without the need of isolation stripping. They are filled with gel, which protects wires from corrosion.

How to connect video 2:59