Post on 22-Jan-2017
ObjectivesThe primary objective of this discussion is to show how
the SAP R/3 Implementation Guide (IMG) can be used to aid the project team in configuring business transactions.For simplicity, we will keep our focus on the Order process.
Upon completion of this topic, you should be able to: Describe the various implementation and configuration tools
available in the SAP R/3 system. Anticipate how elements of the Customer Master are integrated and
are used to control the SD processes. Use elements in the Material Master to streamline COM. How to configure the Billing process for data flow and price control.
TopicsThe Implementation GuideSales Orders and the Customer MasterCustomizing the Material MasterConfiguring the Billing Process
Methods for Implementing & Configuring SAP
SAP R/3 includes several tools to facilitate configuring SAP
and continuing support .
The R/3 Reference Model - describes the business processes included in the standard R/3 system as well as the relationship among the different application modules.
The Implementation Guide (IMG) - guides users in matching their business requirements with the SAP standard software.
The Procedural model - is used as a navigator to guide you through the whole implementation and configuration process.
The Implementation GuideA tool that leads to a step-by-step customizing of
selected parts (modules) of the R/3 system.It guides the project team in matching the
business requirements with the SAP standard software.
With the IMG project management functions... Consultants in charge of implementation first
decide which parts of R/3 are to be customized. The system then automatically generates the
needed hierarchical list of the customizing steps for achieving that customization.
The Implementation GuideBasis configuration takes place.Global settings are set as default in the SAP
system.The structure is defined to match the
organization’s business function.Applications are created to meet business
requirements.Financial AccountingMaterials Management
Cross- application functions are developed.
Financial AccountingMaterials Management
The Enterprise IMGThe Enterprise IMG is just a subset of the Reference IMG.It is where all the customizing takes place.
PSPS
PPPP
COCO
FIFI
……..
HRHR
MMMM
SDSD
FIFI
MMMM
PPPP
COCO
FIFI
COCO
PPPP
MMMM FIFI
COCO
SAP Reference IMG Enterprise IMG
Project IMG
Project 001 Project 002
Project 002Additional needs,
e.g. upgrade
Customizing ObjectsAs a rule, you will have more than one SAP
system.Development system
Changes made in the development system are transported to the test system, then to the production system.
Test system Production system
Development systemDevelopment system
11 2211 22 3311 22 33 4
1111 22
Sales organization
Sales documents
Implementation guide
Test systemTest system
22334
1122
Sales organization
Sales documentsVersions
TransportRequest
Workbenchorganizer
Customizing - How to Proceed1. Define the organizational structures in the IMG
and name the individual organizational elements.2. Assign the organizational elements.
Define the organizational elements
Assign the organizational elements
TopicsThe Implementation GuideSales Orders and the Customer MasterCustomizing the Material MasterConfiguring the Billing Process
Master DataCustomersMaterialsBills of MaterialsCustomer-Material InfoProduct Proposals
FIFIPSPS
PMPMCCCC
MMMMPPPP
FIFI
MMMM
COCO
FIFI
Sales support
DataWarehouse
Sales
Materials Mgmt.Production PlanningPlant MaintenanceControllingFinancial AccountingProject System
Materials Mgmt.Financial Accounting
Financial AccountingControlling
Origins of Data in Sales DocumentsWhen you create a sales order, the system proposes
most of the data from the master records.
Sales orderCustomer master data
Material master data
. . . . .
Conditions
Texts
Control tables
Business Partners (Partner Functions)Partners - someone you have a relationship with or
have to communicate with.Functions - each partner type has specific functions.
Sold-to party
Ship-to party
Bill-to party
Payer
Contact person
Forwarding agent
Employee
. . . . . . . .
PartnerPartnerFunctionsFunctions
Business Partners - Customer MasterEssential business partners for a sales transaction are
the sold-to party, ship-to party, payer and bill-to party.They are stored in the customer master.
Sold-to party Ship-to party
Bill-to party Payer
CustomerCustomermastermaster
Customer Master - 3 Major Data ViewsSales data - data specific to sales, e.g. sales,
distribution, shipping.Company Code data - financial accounting data.General data - data assigned directly to a client
so it’s available to the other two areas.
General data
Sales dataCompany code data
FIFI SDSD
Customer HierarchiesCreate hierarchies to reflect the structure of the customer
organization.Use customer hierarchies
during sales order processing and billing for determining pricing.
ACME CoACME CoCentral
4711
ACME CoACME CoSouth
4712
ACME CoACME CoNorth
4713
ACME CoACME CoNorthwest
4714
ACME CoACME CoNortheast
4715
Customer2743
Customer2744
Customer2742
Uniquenode number
TopicsThe Implementation GuideSales Orders and the Customer MasterCustomizing the Material MasterConfiguring the Billing Process
Materials - Material TypesThe material type is part of the general data on a material.The departments responsible for a material type determine
which views must be maintained for a specific material.
MaterialMaterialA
Matl. typeMatl. type
Description Department Internal/External POs
Accountassignment
Quantity/Value updatePrice control
Variance for each plant
Selecting Fields for Materials - Influencing FactorsAn individual control table is available for
each influencing factor shown here and corresponds to a group of fields in the material master.Transaction
Procurementindicator
Material type
Plant
Industry sector
SAPcomponents
Field selection
Sales &Distribution
MaterialsMgmt.
ProductionPlanning
FinancialAccounting
Controlling
Fixed AssetsMgmt.
QualityMgmt.
PlantMaintenance
HumanResources
Workflow
IndustrySolutions
R/3Client / Server
ABAP/4 ProjectSystem
?……………..
…………
…………
Materials - Material StatusYou can define different kinds of material status
and for each status, how the system will react when an item is created in a sales document.
Material Status
Discontinued part
Technical defect...
Quotation Standard Order
Error Warning
Error Error
Product HierarchiesProduct hierarchies are used for pricing and analysis.In the Standard SAP setup, they can be defined with
up to 18 characters and three levels.
1
2
3
Level
0000100001Electrical appliances
0000100002Compressors
0000100001ToolsTools
000010000100000001Electric screwdrivers
000010000100000002Electric drills
000010000200000001Electric drills
000010000200000002Electric drills
Customer-Material InformationYou can define customer-specific data for a material in
a customer-material information record. This may incl:cust.-specific matl. # cust.-specific matl. description etc.
Sales organization : 1000Distribution channel : 01Customer : C1
Material Description M1 Computer AG M2 Computer UG . . . .
Customer-specific dataMaterial Description M234 Computer 550C M598 Computer 1650B . . . .
Customer-Material Information
Customer Matl Description Qty M234 Computer 550C 10 M598 Computer 1650B 3
Sales orderSold-to Party: C1
Proposing Items Using Product Proposal
Material combinations which you use frequently can be stored in product proposals.
Product proposal : 5000002Validity period : 01/01-12/31Search term : SD product proposals
Item Material Qty. 10 M1 40 20 M2 50 30 M3 30
Sold-to party: C1
Item Material Qty. 10 M1 40 20 M2 50 30 M3 30
Sales Order
Material orMaterial ormaterial + quantitiesmaterial + quantities
Bill of Material - Where They Are Used
Item status controls how BOM items are processed in related application areas:Production (operations)Construction (technical data)PricingSales & distribution (order quantity)Plant maintenance (maintenance information)
TopicsThe Implementation GuideSales Orders and the Customer MasterCustomizing the Material MasterConfiguring the Billing Process
Billing TypesThe billing type controls the entire billing document.Billing types are dictated by the type of the
reference document.
Invoice
Cash sale
Credit/debit memo
Returns
Inter-company billing
Cancellations
Invoice list
Pro forma invoice
BillingBillingTypesTypes
The Billing ProcessEach billing document requires a reference document.
InquiryType: IN
StandardOrder
Type: ORHeaderItem: TANSchd. line
ReturnsType: REHeaderItem: REN
Cash SalesType: BV
CreditType: CR
QuotationType: QT Type: LF
HeaderItem: TAN
Type: F2Header
Schd. line
Type: LR Type: RE
Type: LR
Type: RE
Order Document Types Delivery Doc. Billing Documents
Immediate
Key Points (1)The Implementation Guide (IMG) enables the
project team to match the business requirements with the SAP standard software and customize the transactions to the needs of the organization.
You can minimize the time an effort needed to create sales documents by thoroughly maintaining the customer master and defining all types of business partners.
The account group allows you to select data fields for maintaining the master data.
By classifying materials by material types, you can specify which views for a material are to be maintained.
Key Points (2)When maintaining material master records, you
can specify (in the IMG) which fields are to appear, to be required or optional, or are to be blocked.
You can store customer-specific information on individual materials (e.g. customer material numbers and descriptions) in customer-material information records. This enables you to create orders using material numbers specified by the ordering party.
When you frequently sell combination of materials, you can simplify sales order creation by creating product proposals.
You can also create BOM’s to combine several materials for use in SD.
Key Points (3)Billing documents always reference a previous
document.Reference documents will dictate the billing document
type.The flow of data is controlled:
by the programsby billing typesby copying control tables
You can determine copying control at: the header level the item level