Post on 06-May-2015
description
Language Acqusition
ELT Teacher Training
Prepared by Tarık İNCE
Unit 1 First Language AcqusitionTelegraphic speechthey are not list of wordsthey are meaningful and having word order but but not grammaticalEverybody learns language in the same sequenceBut AGE and SPEED is different
Order of Acqusition of Grammar MorphemePresent progressive ingPlural Sİrregular Past formPossessive ‘SCopula BEArticlesRegular past ED3th person Singular (S)Negation 1. using no at the beginning no cookies 2.using don’t
3. more complex sentences can’t 4. notice tense and personQuestions what where who why when
using rising intonation cookies?using declarative sentence rising intonationaware of the interrogative sentencesinversions and yes-no questionswhy questions
Preschool years 4-6Can ask questionsGive commandsRepeat real eventsCreate storiesUse basic structuresContinue to learn new vocabulariesLearn complex linguistic structuresCan use language in variety of situationsInteract with unfamiliar people on the phoneStart developing metacognitive awareness
School yearsUnderstand differences between meaning and reprensentiveDifferent types of registers improveSpoken register: knowing how to speak with peopleWritten register: knowing how to write peopleStart using standard language in schoolGive up ethnic and regional variety of languageContinue to improve vocabularyNon-fiction text should be readUnderstand writing representation of words
Approaches to native language acquisition
Behaviorism say what I sayKids are like a blank state
Errors can not be accepted
Accuracy is the most important thing
Environment imitation positive reinforcement practice
The quality and quantity of the language comes from environment
The permanent reinforcement is very effective
WEAKNESS: complex aspects of languageWhat about the creativity of childrenChildren never imitate randomly rather than
selectivelyInnatist it is all in your mindChomsky as other functions language acquisition is also pre programmed.
Learn to walk = learn to speak
LAD: it helps kids to acquire language A kid has more language knowledge than he is exposed to.
This is called logical problem and it proves LAD
Chomsky says that a kid was born with a special ability to learn language
There is a black box in LAD which has universal rules of every language. UGLimited ability of cognitively kids can learn language
Interactionist / Developmental Perspective
Cognitivist + Interactionist = Learning from inside out
Interactionist position: human characteristics of a child
they give importance to environment
Supportive interactive environment
Zone of Proximal Development: kids conversations with adults
Child-directed speech: the language that used by adults
Paraphasing (explaining)
Slower rate of delivery
Higher pitch
More varied intonation
There is a strong relation between cognitive an language acqusition