Post on 19-Jun-2015
description
Lesson: The History of Early Michigan
By Jeff Nitchman
Primary and Secondary Sources
Primary Source Secondary Source
Original documents
Relics or Artifacts
Creative Works
Examples:
◦ Native American writings
◦ Native American
weavings and pottery
Publication
Examples:
◦ History textbook
◦ Book of writing on French-
Indian war
◦ Encyclopedias
Primary or Secondary?
SECONDARY!
SECONDARY!
PRIMARY!
Ellenm1, Life on the Move-Blackfeet, January 9, 2010, Creative Commons Attribution
US department of interior, Folsom Point, December 6, 2006, public domain
Todd Mecklem, Encyclopedia Britannica Volumes, March 26, 2008, Creative Commons Attribution-noncommercial-noderivs
In social sciences
◦ Numbers gathered to…
Studies relationships of people
Events
Environment
Very important in History
◦ Must be accurate
Not all things have primary sources
Use of Primary Sources
When primary are not available
Writing to people
◦ Newspaper, journals, magazines
Sometimes they are generalized
May be biased
◦ Shows favor to one side
Use of Secondary Sources
First inhabited by
Indigenous tribes
◦ American Indians
Many different tribes
◦Ojibwa, Menominee,
Huron, Ottawa,
Potawatomi
America Before European Discovery
Heather M, P1000574, May 10, 2008, Creative Commons Attribution
Common mistake!
◦ American Indians worshipped totem poles
◦ But really…. Represented equal relationship of man & animal
Believed in one creator
Appreciated nature
◦ Fish, birds, sun, etc…
Everything has a purpose
General Native American Beliefs
http://www.flickr.com/photos/the-o/2078239353/
The Chippewas!◦ Named after their language
Council of 3 fires◦ “older brother”
Largest Great Lakes tribe Kitche-Manido
◦ First leader Originated dream catchers
Ojibwa tribe
Keith Davenport, Dream Catcher, July 2, 2006, Creative Commons attribution-noncommmercial-noderivs
Ojibwa chief, Whitney Gallery Photograph collection, 1865, public domain
Strong rituals & spiritual beliefs
◦ Believed in many different things
Lived in wiigiwaams(wigwam)
◦ Birch bark & willow saplings
Originated in Eastern America
Ojibwa Tribe (cont.)
Eastman Johnson, Ojibwe Wigwam at Grand Portage, 1857, Public Domain
Council of 3 fires
◦ “middle brother”
Known as the traders
◦ Good at trading and bartering
Lived in wigwams
Farmers
Allied British in wars
Ottawa (Odawa) Tribe
SpeedyGonsales, Native-North American Indian, March 31, 2007, Creative Commons Attribution
Trading Goods
◦Sunflower oil, furs & skins
◦Rugs & mats, tobacco
◦Medicinal roots & herbs
Ottawa style Dress
◦Lots of tattoos
◦Faces painted many colors
◦Noses & ears pierced
Ottawa Tribe (cont.)
Chrisjfry, Native American Rugs, November 24, 2006, Creative Commons attribution-noncommercial-no derivs
Council of 3 fires◦“youngest brother”
Occupied 30,000,000 acres in Michigan
Tecumseh’s war, War of 1812
Originally hunters◦Learned farming in
Wisonsin Discovered horses in
1760’s Polygamy
Potawatomi Tribe
Unknown, Chief Shabbona of the Potawatomi tribe, 1908, Public Domain
Potawatomi Style Dress
◦ No shirts (pre-European
contact)
◦ Deerskin shirts(post-
European contact)
◦ Painted red & black
◦ Necklaces, beads, shells
Potawatomi legends
◦ Nanaboozhoo (nan-nah-
boh-zhoh)
Culture’s hero
◦ Gitchi Manito
“Great Spirit”, creator
◦ Windigo
Evil man-eating spirit
Potawatomi Tribe (cont.)
Inhabited Upper Michigan◦ Wisconsin also
Relatively small tribe
“good seed”, “wild rice people”
Hunted for food Active in Second
Fox War
Menominee Tribe
PastReflections, Menominee Indian Reservation, 1913-18, Public Domain
AKA Wyandot Tribe
Come from Iroquoian
descent
Maize & fish
◦ Main diet
1634
◦ Lots died, due to epidemics
Lived in Longhouses◦ Sometimes over
100m tall◦ Saplings for walls◦ Leaves and grass
for roof◦ Birch bark to cover
walls
Huron Indians
Samantha Decker, Come Hear My People’s Story, April 3, 2010, Creative Commons Attribtuion-noncommercial-no derivs
http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/ottawa/ottawahist.htm
http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/pottawatomie/pottawatomiehist.htm
http://www.native-languages.org/potawatomi-legends.htm http://www.wikipedia.org/ http://www.native-languages.org/ojibwe.htm http://paullife.tripod.com/huronindians.html http://www.essortment.com/all/menominenative_rmrt.htm
Credits