Post on 08-Aug-2015
Microlinguistics
• Study of the structure of a language system where no complementary issues are referred to
• The structures of a system are identified, described, and explained to include levels like phonology, morphology, and syntax
Macrolinguistics
• Study to understand the role of the individual within the system of language, dealing with issues that why the individual relates to a particular science, and how they relates to this science
• Overlapping interests from the study of language (Sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, biolinguistics, ethnolinguistics, and ecolinguistics)
EcolinguisticsIntroduction
Ecolinguistics• study of language according to the environment it is used in (Derni, 2008)
EcolinguisticsIntroduction
Eco-critical discourse analysis • showing correlations in
discourse between language and ecological phenomena
texts or documents about the environment
EcolinguisticsEco-Critical Discourse Analysis
Newspaper• Environmental contaminations that occur in
certain places
Advertisement • Go green plastic bag
Politic• Leadership of Joko Widodo who establish a
park near Pluit Lake, North Jakarta
EcolinguisticsEco-Critical Discourse Analysis
Awareness of how language can contribute to an irresponsible use of nature contribute to the solution of environmental problems
Three types of relations that are to be considered in an eco-discourse analysis
Bundsgaard and Steffensen (2000) in Derni (2008)
Eco-Critical
Discourse
Analysis
Inter-relatio
ns
extra-relatio
ns
Intra-relatio
ns
Relations within the individuality
Between an individuality and other individualities of the same kind or
species
Between an individuality and other individualities of the other kind or species
EcolinguisticsEco-Critical Discourse Analysis
Inter-textual
reference
• linguistic units to natural environment,
Intra-textual
reference
• that is the way these units are structured and the rules for their combination
Extra-textual
reference• encounters linguistic choices,
Bang and Døør (1990) in Derni (2008) elaborates Triple Model of Reference to globalize the referential parts of a text
EcolinguisticsEco-Critical Discourse Analysis
EcolinguisticsEco-Critical Discourse Analysis
Inter-textual reference
Intra-textual reference
Extra-textual
reference
Language ecology is the study of interactions between any given language and its environment (Haugen, 1970 in Kramsch and
Steffensen, 2008)
Environmental interactions occur with the extra-relations of
language and environment.
EcolinguisticsLanguage Ecology
Ecolinguistics/Language Ecology is a new branch of linguistics which
investigates the role of language in the development and possible solution of
ecological and environmental problems (Fill, 1993 in Al-Gayoni,
2012)
study of preservation of linguistic diversity
EcolinguisticsLanguage Ecology
EcolinguisticsIssues
Environment
Green HouseEffect,
Earthquake, etc
Social and Natural life.Environmental Diversity Changes
Norms, culture and existence of
linguistic diversity
Existence of minority language
Languages will rapidly dying out
Indonesia has known this study, some researcher in Indonesia used ecolinguistics to find out and to conserve the local language
Mühlhäusler, 2002
EcolinguisticsIssues
Takengon, Aceh Tengah• 128 villages around a lake which
were recorded at the earlier time
• This ecological change made some of the villages merging each other and language change happened
• The young generations do not know the name of the village since the civilization immigrated to other village around the lake that causes by Earthquakes, tsunamis, and the overflowing
• Word smong (smong is huge tidal waves) which is called tsunami nowadays
Al-Gayoni, 2008
EcolinguisticsIssues
Bali
• Some words in Bahasa Bali which are not currently used by some Balinese people
Sudeva, 2009
Unused WordsGenerally Used
WordsEnglish
1 Kelambi Baju Shirt
2 Kole Tiang I
3 Nanang, Pan Bapak Father
4 Luweng Nak Luh Girl
5 Taban Bale Bed
EcolinguisticsIssues
Bali
• Continued…
Unused WordsGenerally Used
WordsEnglish
6 Bulakan Kelebutan Mata Air
7 Plesir Melali Hang out
8 Ngidu Ngangetin badan
Body Warming
in kitchen
fireplace
9 Tenggala Bajak Plow
1
0Empelan Dam Dam
Sudeva, 2009
EcolinguisticsIssues in Indonesia
Traditional Medicinal Plants in Bali
Rasna & Binawati, 2012
• There are 119 types of traditional medicinal plants in Bali to cure diseases of children according to Lontar Rare Usada
• 202 from 225 Balinese adolescents (90%) do not know 56 species of medicinal plants for the child diseases, such as; padang gulung, wong papah, akar jail, bungkak samsam, don ketepeng, getah layah lambo, getah amplas, ketan gajih, sanggalangit, bintanu, and many more.
• This unawareness, was caused by modern medicine that will be resulted weaker believe to traditional medicine.
EcolinguisticsConclusion
• Language is part of the environment where we live, it is to be speculated in accordance with this environment. And as language enters into almost every aspect of human life, many disciplines dealing with various aspects of human life can be used in correspondence with linguistic study.
• The study of language is relevant to many other fields of inquiry. Ecolinguistics is the study of language according to the environment it is used in (Derni, 2008).
• Ecolinguistics also investigates the role of language in the development and possible solution of ecological and environmental problems (Fill, 1993 in Al-Gayoni, 2012:28). In the other words ecolinguistics is a study of preservation of linguistic diversity.