DNA Structure and Replication

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DNA is a polymer of:

A. nucleosidesB. fatty acidsC. monosaccharidesD. Nucleotides

#1

#2

#3

#4

#5

#6

#7

Identify

Which diagram illustrates the correct structure of a segment of a DNA molecule?

The "rungs" of the DNA ladder are made of:

A. phosphates and hydrogenB. glucose and sugarsC. sugars and phosphatesD. base pairs

The DNA molecule is held together by:

A. Chuck NorrisB. GlucoseC. hydrogen bondsD. Glue

The sugar found in DNA is:

A. SplendaB. DeoxyriboseC. RiboseD. Glucose

The two men who established the structure of DNA were:

A. Mendel and CrickB. Watson and CrickC. Holmes and WatsonD. Darwin and Lamarke

Which of the following DNA sequences is complementary to 5’ TAGAC 3’?

A. 5’ TAGAC 3’B. 3’ ATCTG 5’C. 5’ GTCTA 3’D. 5’ CAGAT 3’

According to Chargaff’s rule, which of the following statements about double-stranded DNA is TRUE?

A. A = T and C = GB. A + G = C + TC. A + T = C + GD. A and BE. A, B, and C

If a DNA molecule is found to be composed of 40% thymine, what percentage of

guanine would be expected?A. 10%B. 20%C. 40%D. 80%

DNA replication results in:

A. 2 completely new DNA moleculesB. 2 DNA molecules that each

contain a strand of the originalC. 1 new DNA molecule, 1 old

molecule is conservedD. 1 new molecule of RNA

Which molecules make up the nucleotides of DNA?

A. Sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen base

B. Sugar, phosphate, nucleotide baseC. Cytosine, Guanine, Thymine, and

CytosineD. Sugar, protein group, nitrogen base

Identify

#1

#2

#1 = nitrogen bases#2 = sugar-phosphate backbone

Which series is arranged in correct order according to decreasing size of structures?

A. DNA, nucleus, chromosome, nucleotide, nitrogenous base

B. Nucleotide, chromosome, nitrogenous base, nucleus, DNA

C. Nucleus, chromosome, DNA, nucleotide, nitrogenous base

D. Chromosome, nucleus, nitrogenous base, nucleotide, DNA

Which two bases are present in equal amounts in a double-stranded DNA molecule?

A. Cytosine and ThymineB. Adenine and ThymineC. Adenine and UracilD. Cytosine and Uracil

Which set of statements correctly describes the relationships among the terms chromosome, genes,

and nuclei?

A. Chromosomes are found on genes. Genes are found in nuclei

B. Chromosomes are found in nuclei. Nuclei are found in genes

C. Genes are found on chromosomes, Chromosomes are found in nuclei

D. Genes are found in nuclei. Nuclei are found in chromosomes.

In the diagram, what substances is represented by the letter x?

A. Nitrogenous baseB. DeoxyriboseC. Phosphate

GroupD. adenine

What did the Human Genome Project accomplish?

• Sequenced the Human Genome– 3.3 billion pairs of A’s, T’s, G’s, and C’s

Describe the process of DNA replication

1. DNA replication occurs when a strand of DNA is unzipped down the middle between its hydrogen bonds.

2. When the double-stranded DNA is unzipped, each side serves as a template, and free nucleotides bind to each of the single strands.

3. Two double strands of DNA are made, each containing the same nucleotide sequence.

4. Each is composed of one original strand and one new strand.

Which part of the nucleic acid carries the genetic informatin?

A. Deoxyribose sugarsB. Phosphate groupsC. Nitrogen basesD. Hydrogen bonds

Why must DNA replication produce two identical copies of DNA?

• DNA replication occurs in the S phase and each daughter cell receives a complete copy during the M phase (Mitosis).

• Since DNA is the “instructions” for making proteins each cell needs an accurate copy so it can perform its functions correctly.

In the cells of eukaryotic organisms, DNA is contained in the

A. nucleusB. cytoplasmC. Cell membraneD. ribosome