Post on 07-Apr-2018
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 1/107
Developmental Stages 1-3 years old
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 2/107
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Toddler Hood
� Between infancy and childhood
� Most children learn to walk, talk, solve
problems, relate to others� Learning INDEPENDENCE
� Long on will and short on skill
� Need to explore their environment
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 3/107
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DEVELOPMENTAL AREAS
OF TODDLERS
� Physical
� Socio-emotional
� Cognitive� Moral
� Self-Help Skills
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 4/107
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1 year to
1 year & 6 months
Toddler Age
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 5/107
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PhysicalDevelopment
1 year to
1 year & 6 months
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 6/107
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Physical Development
� Movement from playpen to other areas
� Motor skills are developing
� Mobile and explorative
Motors Skills and exploration is encouraged because it is crucial in a
child¶s competency development, but safety is also important.
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 7/107
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Physical Development
� Can already sit on a small chair
� Can scribble and crayon, ² uses Palmar grasp and whole-arm movement when writing
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 8/107
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Physical Development
� E njoys holding spoon
� Likes to help feed self
� Drink from cup but skills are unrefined
expectfrequent
spills
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 9/107
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Physical Development
� H elps turn pages in a book
� Can stack two to four objects
� Repeatedly picks up toys and throws them, direction becomes more deliberate
� Carries toy from place to place
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 10/107
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Physical Activities
� Develop a routine among children.
� Offer children a wide variety of material to work
with.
� Give children opportunities to dress, feed self, and
care for toys.
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 11/107
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CognitiveDevelopment
1 year to
1 year & 6 months
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 12/107
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Cognitive Development
� S hould put things in mouth less by the end of this
stage
� Begin to search objects from one-same location, then learns to search in other locations
� E njoys hiding activities
� ´Crosses midlineµ when playing with several toys
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 13/107
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Cognitive Development
� E njoys picture books
� Understands spatial and functional relationships
(spoons are in bowls and spoons are for eating, tries to make a doll stand or sit, etc.)
� Tries to make a mechanical object work after
watching someone else do it
� Responds with some facial movement, but cannot
truly imitate facial expression
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 14/107
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Cognitive Development
� I dentify names of some common objects
� Uses one word to convey thoughts ---later build up to two- to three-word phrases [etc. ́ Downµ, ´Goµ,´Noµ]
� Uses gestures, such as pointing or pulling, to direct adult attention
� S eems aware of reciprocal aspects of conversational exchanges
� E njoys rhymes and songs
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 15/107
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� Be sure the area is safe. Allow the child to explore.
� Provide toys and play games involving different textures, colors, and shapes-pots, pans, boxes, balls, etc.
� Talk to the child often. S ay the names of objects seen and used. Talk about activities as you bathe and dress him/her.
� Teach names of body parts and familiar objects. Read or recite nursery
rhymes.
� Provide rhythmic songs that are repetitive and low in key.
Cognitive Activities
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 16/107
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Socio-EmotionalDevelopment
1 year to
1 year & 6 months
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 17/107
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Socio-emotional Development
� Plays alone for short periods of time
� Enjoys being with other children, although
they do not play together yet
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 18/107
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Socio-emotional Development
� Enjoys being held and read to
� Enjoys adult attention and finds security in
knowing an adult is near� Less wary of strangers by the end of this stage
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 19/107
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Socio-emotional Development
� Begins to assert independence
� Recognizes self in the mirror
� May throw a tantrum when things go wrongor when frustrated
� Exceedingly curious about people and
surroundings
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 20/107
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Self-Help Skills
1 year to
1year & 6 months
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 21/107
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Self-Help Skills
� Crawls skilfully and quickly may or may not
find the need to try to walk
� Crawls up stairs and higher objects on allfours, and will usually try to go down the same
way
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 22/107
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Self-Help Skills
� Gets to feet unassisted and stands alone with
feet spread apart, legs stiffened and arms
extended for support
� Most will be able to walk independently
(wobbly or not) by the end of this stage
� Enjoys pushing or pulling toys while walking
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 23/107
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Self-Help Skills
� Attempts to run and has difficulty stopping
usually just drops to floor or uses something
to stop motion
� Uses furniture to lower self to floor, collapses
to floor into sitting position or falls forward on
hands and then sits
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 24/107
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Self-Help Skills
� Uses Fingers for eating foods
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 25/107
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1 year & 6 months to
2 years 5 months
Toddler Age
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 26/107
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Physical Development
1 year & 6 months to
2 years 5 months
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 27/107
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 28/107
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Physical Development
� Climbs stairs without adult assistance, but not
with alternating feet yet)
�B
alances well and on one foot� Displays some combination of standing,
walking, walking backwards, stopping, waving,
carrying objects and sitting
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 29/107
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Physical Development
� Can kick a ball
� Jumps up and down but may fall when landing
� When standing, turns body 90 degrees� Exhibits upright posture
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 30/107
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Physical Development
� Squats for long periods of time while playing
� Stoops
� Sits self in small chair� Climbs up on adult chairs and turns around to
sit down
� Lowers self from standing position withoutfalling
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 31/107
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Physical Development
� Throws large ball without losing balance
� Enjoys pouring or filling activities
� Can stack up to 5 objects
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 32/107
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Cognitve Development
1 year & 6 months to
2 years 5 months
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 33/107
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Cognitive Development
� Perceptual S kills
� Learning and Problem S olving
� Language Development
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 34/107
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Cognitve Development
P E RC E PTUAL
SKI LL S
h i b di l d h h h i h i h b d d h h fil i f h d ill h d l h i d h i i i
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 35/107
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Cognitive Development:PER CEPTUAL SKILL S
� Distinguishes different smells
� S till puts things in mouth but should be getting less
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8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 36/107
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Cognitive Development:PER CEPTUAL SKILL S
� V oluntarily holds and waves objects
� Reaches/grasps/picks/carries small objects with one or two hands; use pincer grip
� V oluntarily releases objects
� Takes apart and fits things together
� Opens drawers to explore contents
� Places into and removes objects from container
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8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 37/107
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Cognitive Development:PER CEPTUAL SKILL S
� V isually seeks source of sound by turning head and
neck
�Listens to conversations and songs
� Responds to music
� Responds to and acts out familiar songs [connected
with Language Dev·t]
� Responds when name is called
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8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 38/107
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Cognitive Development:PER CEPTUAL SKILL S
� Recognizes and/or identifies self in photograph
� Recognizes and differentiates family members or other
persons familiar to him
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8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 39/107
Cognitive Development:PER CEPTUAL SKILL S
� Looks at objects upside down , creates changes in
perspectives
�Leans over to look for fallen objects
� Recognizes and/or names body parts on request
� Recognizes nickname in print
� I dentifies familiar objects � K nows use of familiar things
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8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 40/107
Cognitive Development:PER CEPTUAL SKILL S
� F ocuses on task for at least 5 minutes
� F ollows simple or one-step instructions and
commands
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8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 41/107
Cognitve Development
L E ARN I NG &
PROBL EM S OL V I NG
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8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 42/107
Cognitive Development:Learning and Problem Solving
� E xperiments with different means to attain goal
� E xperiments with action and reaction, shows an
understanding for cause and effect � F inds partly hidden toys
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8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 43/107
Cognitive Development:Learning and Problem Solving
� F inds partly hidden toys
� M atches picture with object
� M atches object with corresponding shape � Anticipates sequence of familiar events (daily routine)
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8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 44/107
Cognitive Development:Learning and Problem Solving
� Understands basic concepts like one and many, tall
and short, long and short, hot and cold, soft and
hard, and small and big
� K nows names of primary colors (red, yellow, blue)
� Associates color names with colors of objects
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8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 45/107
Cognitive Development:Learning and Problem Solving
� K nows names of basic shapes (circle, square, triangle
and rectangle)
� Associates name of shape with shape of objects
� Understands spatial concepts (in and out, on top and
under, in front and behind)
� Completes 3- to 9-piece puzzle
� Rote counts up to 10
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8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 46/107
Cognitive Development:Learning and Problem Solving
� Rote counts up to 10
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8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 47/107
Cognitve Development
LANGUAG E
D E V E LOP ME NT
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8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 48/107
Cognitive Development:LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
� Uses vocal signals other than crying to gain
assistance
� Uses: one-word, two-word, three-word phrases or
sentences
� Recounts recent events of the day by the end of this
stage
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8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 49/107
Cognitive Development:LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
� Listens attentively during storytelling, enjoys being
read to especially if when encouraged to participate
� Realizes that language is effective for getting others
to respond to needs and wants
� Receptive language is more developed than expressive
language
� Repeatedly asks ´What·s that?µ
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8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 50/107
Socio-EmotionalDevelopment
1 year & 6 months to
2 years 5 months
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8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 51/107
Socio-emotional Development
� E stablishes an attachment to primary caregiver
� S hows an attachment or fixation on an object (´security blanketµ)
� S hows need to be carried
� ´stranger anxietyµ and wants parent or caregiver in constant sight
� Repeats attention getting-behavior � S eeks attention by making body movements or
sounds.
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8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 52/107
Socio-emotional Development
� E xplores surroundings
� Develops an awareness of self as a separate
individual from others
� E njoys watching others and exploring
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8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/developmental-stages-1-3-yrs 53/107
Socio-emotional Development
� E xpresses different emotions
� Can say short simple words [e.g. M ama or Dada]
� I mitates other sounds and enjoys rhymes or simple songs
� S hows assertiveness by resisting caregiver·s request
� Understands the meaning of ́ noµ
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Self-Help Skills
1 year & 6 months to
2 years 5 months
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Self-Help Skills
� Packs away materials used
� F ixes own things
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Self-Help Skills
� Removes/puts on socks
� Removes/puts on shoes
� Undress oneself � Dresses oneself
� Zips/unzips bag etc.
� Buttons and unbuttons large buttons
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Self-Help Skills
� Washes and dries hands
� Opens/closes food container
� E ats independently with minimum or no spills � Drinks from cup/glass without spills
� F inishes food
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Self-Help Skills
� Brushes teeth after eating with guidance
� Uses toilet independently, achieves complete bladder
control by this stage
� Blows nose when reminded/ K eeps nose clean
� Rests during rest time
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� Packs away toys and personal belongings with/without supervision
� Cooperates in dressing self (like helping to pull down shirt)
� Removes shoes and socks without assistance
� Puts on socks and shoes with assistance
� Washes hand with soap with guidance
� Dries hand on hand towel with assistance
� Unzips bag (bag with zipper)� Unbuttons large buttons
� Opens door by turning doorknobs
� Opens and closes food container with simple locks
� Uses spoon to feed self Holds cup to drink
� Finishes food
� Willingly brushes teeth with assistance
� Often achieves toilet training at this stage.� Toilet trained, shows (by asking verbally or through gestures) the need to go to the toilet
� Rests during Rest Time
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Self-Help Skills
� Packs away toys and personal belongings
with/without supervision
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Self-Help Skills
� Washes hand with soap with guidance
� Dries hand on hand towel with assistance
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Self-Help Skills
� Opens door by turning doorknobs
� Opens and closes food container with simple locks
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Self-Help Skills
� F inishes food
� Willingly brushes teeth with assistance
� Often achieves toilet training at this stage.� Toilet trained, shows (by asking verbally or through
gestures) the need to go to the toilet
� Rests during Rest Time
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Developmental S tage:Toddler
2 years & 6 months to
3 years & 5 months
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Physical Development� GROSS MOTOR
SKILLS
� FINE MOTOR
SKILLS
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Physical Development
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Physical Development:
GROSS
MOTOR SKI
LL S
� S tands on one foot with momentary balance.
� Walks on balance beam
� Walks up the stairs with alternating feet � Walks down the stairs with assistance
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Physical Development:
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Physical Development:
GROSS
MOTOR SKI
LL S
� Runs with well-coordinated arm and leg movement
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Physical Development:
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Physical Development:
GROSS
MOTOR SKI
LL S
� Climbs playground equipment with assistance
� Throws ball
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Physical Development:
FINE MOTOR SKILL S
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Physical Development:
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Physical Development:
FI
NE MOTOR SKI
LL S
� S hows handedness (preference for right/left hand)
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Physical Development:
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Physical Development:
FI
NE MOTOR SKI
LL S
� Writes using the tripod or Pincer grip
� S cribbles
� Draws circles and lines � Traces outlines and figures
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Physical Development:
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Physical Development:
FI
NE MOTOR SKI
LL S
� Draws people with 2 body parts (torso and limb only
or tadpole like)
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Physical Development:
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Physical Development:
FI
NE MOTOR SKI
LL S
� Writes some letters especially letters of his/her name
with or without a model
� Writes nickname with or without assistance
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Physical Development:
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Physical Development:
FI
NE MOTOR SKI
LL S
� M anipulates clay/playdough (e.g. rolls, makes balls,
snakes, etc.)
� S nips with scissors
� Cuts on a straight line
� S trings 10 large beads in 2 minutes
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Physical Development:
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Physical Development:
FI
NE MOTOR SKI
LL S
� Builds tower of 10-inch cubes
� Takes apart and puts together interlocking blocks
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Cognitive Development
2 years & 6 months to
3 years & 5 months
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Self-Help Skills
2 years & 6 months to
3 years & 5 months
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Self-Help Skills
� Packs away materials used
� F ixes own things
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Self-Help Skills
� Removes/puts on socks and shoes
� Dress and Undress oneself
�Zips/unzips bag etc.
� Buttons and unbuttons large buttons
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Self-Help Skills
� Washes and dries hands
� Opens/closes food container
� E ats independently with minimum or no spills
� Drinks from cup/glass without spills
� F inishes food
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Self-Help Skills
� Brushes teeth after eating with guidance
� Uses toilet independently, achieves complete bladder
control by this stage
� Blows nose when reminded/ K eeps nose clean
� Rests during rest time
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Gross Motor Skills
Makasakay ng
tricycle
Magbalanse sa
isang paa
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Gross Motor Skills
Umakyat at Bumabang Hagdanan
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Gross Motor Skills
Lumakad ng
Patalikod
Bumato ngBola
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Physical Activities
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Fine Motor Skills
May maskontrol na
sa paggamitng Kamay
Magkulay
Gumuhit Gumupit
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Fine Motor Activities
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Self-Help Skills
Kaya ng magsalin
ng juice
Kaya ng kumain
mag-isa gamit
ang kutsa at
tinidor
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
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Self-Help Skills
Bowel
Control
Maghubad
ng damit
Magsipilyo
ng ngipin
Maghugas
ng kamay
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Social Characteristics
� Likes friends
� Beginning to share toys and take turns.
� Wants to help and please.� Enjoys imaginary play.
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Social Characteristics
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Social Activities
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Social Activities
� Provide a large amount of time for informal play
� Reinforce children when they do
share.� Give opportunities to help in the
home, such as setting the table,
watering plants, etc.� Dress-up clothes in housekeeping and
props in blocks will encourageimaginary play.
8/6/2019 Developmental Stages 1-3 Yrs
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L Ch i i
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Language Characteristics
� Can speak most words clearly andmake simple sentences.
� Vocabulary is expanding.
� Uses words to express feelings.
� Can follow simple directions
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L A ti iti
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Language Activities
� Sing songs, say rhyme and finger plays, readbooks, and describe objects andexperiences.
� Model ways to express wants and needs.Help threes work out problems with words.
� Give children one or two directions at a timeto follow.
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I t ll t l A ti iti
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Intellectual Activities
� Share excitement about learning.
� Play color games and matching games.
� Label cubby, chair, pictures, and other possessions.
� Say counting finger plays, songs, and play counting
games.� Use sorting games and manipulatives.
� Do not push children, but give them hands onexperiences with a variety of materials.
� Plan longer activities