Post on 21-Apr-2018
PROF. R.K.GHOSH, Ph.D.
FAPS, FISWS,RAISWS, FAAPP, CWSS GOLD MEDAL
DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY,
FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE,
BIDHAN CHANDRA KRISHI VISWSVIDYALAYA (BCKV)
Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal
(M) 91-9433145340
Email: drajr1956@gmail.com /drraj2015@rediffmail.com
Pre emergence herbicides are ancillary apt for annual planning of weed
management in system intensification at inceptisol
BC -2017-259 RAPID FIRE PRESENTATION THEME 1
Biennial Conference on
Doubling Farmers’ Income by 2022: The Role of Weed Science
Organized by ISWS, ICAR‐DWR
at MPUAT, Udaipur, Rajasthan
on 01-03, March, 2017
WorldArea- 51 billion ha
Population – 7.5 billion
Land area- 13.1 billion ha
Crop land area- 1.5 billion ha
Land capita-1- 0.20 ha
India Population - 1.25 billionLand capita-1 - 0.32 ha (2030)
Population increasing and
Land area Capita-1 decreasing
RESOURCES ARE LIMITING
Land LabourWater
Ecosafe ChemicalAwareness Programme
Awareness with GHG CH4, N20, CO and
Farmers & Students CO2 recording at SRI
CLIMATE CHANGE CONTINUINGUnexpected storm
Polar ice melting Lack of water
Change of Biodiversity of Weed Plants
How to
Resolve Security on Food
(Increase productivity)
Nutrition(Balance nutrition)
Environment(More natural chemicals)
Health
(Non –contaminated food)
How to
Resolve Security on Food
(Increase productivity)
Nutrition(Balance nutrition)
Environment(More natural chemicals)
Health(Non –contaminated food)
Bacteria FungiActino
mycetes
SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTIVITY
Long term thinking
All crops grown in sequence
More Biological Management to
Improve Health of Soil and Plant
SYSTEM INTENSIFICATION
Weeds
33%
Insects
26%
Disease
20%
Other
Pests
21%
DWR (2015) - Vision 2050 DWR, ICAR
INDIA
Weed- 10.9%
(World- 11.5%)
Insect – 8.6%
Disease- 6.6%
Other pests- 6.9%
PEST (33 % National Production Loss) Weed plants
Insect pests
Disease - Pathogens
Other pests - Nematodes, Rodents , Store grain pests etc
Eco safe
Annual Planning of
Weed Pest Management
What to do to
Increase production by
Managing Losses due to
Weed Pest
Annual Planning of Weed Pest Management :
10 % production increase
Food grain + Oilseeds + Hoticulture:
260+30+260 = 550 mt (Present)
Annual Planning of weed management
More production by reduce losses - 55 mt
Food grain + Oilseeds + Horticulture:
286 +33 + 286 = 605 mt (Present)
CONCEPTS OF APWPM
1. Before crop planting
Reduce Weed Seed under Soil
2. After Crop Planting
Reduce Weed competition
to Crop during Critical Crop
Weed Competition Period
Enhanced Crop Health by
using more balance nutrition
STEP 1 – PRE PLANTING CARE
Grow Lugumes (Two months fallow)
Use Ecosafe Herbicide in
moist soil (One month fallow)
Removal of weed residues includingCyperus nut
during land preparation and use for Compost
Use of more biofertilizers, Neem cake, Vermicomposts etc.
More Balance Nutrition helps to reduce pests
Step 2 – Reduce weed competition in CCWCPUse of PE ecosafe botanicals /chemical herbicides
Use of POE mechanical weeding / ecosafe
chemical herbicides at 25-40 DAP
Effect of PE & POE herbicides
on soil and plant health
Reduce growth and development of crop
plants in important physiological stages
Germination by PE herbicides
Urease Enzyme activity by PE herbicides
Nodule development; Tuber bulking; CRI; Bulb
formation; Branching; Tillering etc. by POE herbicides
Growth and development of Soil micro flora
by both PE and POE herbicides
Amylase content (µg maltose g-1 released fresh tissue minute-1)
Treatments T1- Control T2- Botanical
mixture
T3- Pretilachlor
Observations at different
hours after seed
germination treatment
24 48 72 96 24 48 72 96 24 48 72 96
Paddy 185 225 210 145 153 176 151 143 119 199 83 71
Three most dominant weed flora
Echinochloa colonum
(Grass) 23 68 25 23 8 17 11 11 4 8 5 4
Cyperus difformis
(Sedge) 28 31 59 33 13 22 40 20 5 17 31 11
Ludwigia octovalis
(Broad leaf) 25 33 108 40 13 20 37 20 8 13 20 11
Seed TRT S x T S x T x
H
S.Em( ± ) 0.23 0.20 0.40 0.79
CD (0.05) 0.64 0.56 1.11 2.23
Effect of PE chemical and botanical herbicides on the amylase
content in seed germination of paddy and three dominant weed flora
Ph.D. Experiment S. Sentharagai, 2012-14
Urease enzyme activity (μg NH4-N g-1 dwt of soil 2 h-1 at 37oC)
Mean of 2012 and 2013
Treatments 3 DAA 21 DAA At Harvest
T1- Weedy Check 37.52 38.23 39.86
T2 – Mechanical Weeding (Two) 36.49 38.28 41.94
T3 – Mechanical Weeding (Three) 36.45 41.94 42.36
T4- Hand Weeding (One) + Mechanical Weeding (Two) 36.40 41.88 44.08
T5 – Pretilachlor 30.7 EC @ 500 g /ha at 1 DAT (PE) +
Mechanical Weeding (Two)18.25 30.12 43.22
T6 – Parthenium Raw extracts @100 ml / lit. of water
at 1 DAT (PE) + Mechanical Weeding (Two)24.34 28.98 42.41
CD at 5% 2.96 2.53 1.53
Effect of different weed management treatments on Urease enzyme activity
in transplanted SRI paddy during summer 2012 & 2013 Treatments
Ph.D. Experiment S. Sentharagai, 2012-14(Initial Soil – 33.38)
POE HerbicidePE herbicide
PE
POE
60 DAP
PE POE
PE Organic chemical herbicides
3 DAA 1 DAA
7 DAA 21 DAA Harvest
1 DAA3 DAA
7 DAA 21 DAA HarvestPE Organic botanical herbicides
All chemical
herbicides
reduced soil
microflora up to
a month after
application
FIELD EXPERIMENTS AT BCKV FARM
Expt. 1 - Pre- kharif Vigna mungo – kharif direct seeded
puddled Oryza sativa – rabi Solanum tuberosum 2011-13
Expt. 2 - Pre- kharif Vigna mungo -- kharif transplanted
Oryza sativa – rabi Solanum tuberosum 2011-13
Expt. 4 - Pre- kharif Vigna radiate – kharif transplanted Oryza sativa – rabi Solanum tuberosum 2012-14
Expt. 5 - Pre- kharif Vigna mungo - kharif direct seeded puddled Oryza sativa – rabi Allium cepa 2013 -15
Expt. 3 - Pre- kharif Vigna radiate - kharif direct seeded
puddled Oryza sativa – rabi Solanum tuberosum 2012-14
Expt. 6 - Pre- kharif Vigna mungo - kharif transplanted Oryza sativa – rabi Allium cepa 2013-15
Expt. 7 - Pre- kharif Vigna radiata - kharif direct seeded puddled Oryza sativa – rabi Allium cepa 2014-16
Expt. 8 - Pre- kharif Vigna radiata - kharif transplanted Oryza sativa – rabi Allium cepa 2014-16
Experimental site : BCKV Farm, Kalyani
Year: 2011-2016
Crops and Variety :
Pre-kharif : Black gram Vigna mungo cv. Sarada (WBU108)
Green gram Vigna radiate cv. Sonali (B-1)
Kharif : Direct seeded puddled Oryza sativa cv. Satabdi (IET 4786)
Transplanted Oryza sativa cv. Satabdi (IET 4786)
Rabi : Potato Solanum tuberosum cv. Kufri Jyoti
Onion Allium cepa cv. Sukhsagar
Treatments: 5-12 Plot size: 4 m x 5 m
Design: RBD Replication: 3
Nutrient Management: Balance nutrition
3 cm
3 cm
Pre-kharif season (Mid March – Mid June)
Kharif season (Mid. June – Mid. October)
Rabi season (Mid. October- Mid. February)
Significant Findings Pre-kharif Black gram and Green gram PE herbicides recorded higher WCE over POE herbicides
30 DAS -- 19.31 and 15.28 %
50 DAS - 10.72 and 11.29 %
Kharif Direct seeded puddled and Transplanted paddy Direct seeded puddled paddy (DSPP) POE herbicides better WCE over PE herbicides : 8.54 and 7.17% more WCE
PE herbicides - 55.71 and 42.52 % WCE at 30 and 50 DAT, respectively
POE herbicides - 64.25 and 49.69 % WCE at 30 and 50 DAT, respectively
Transplanted paddy (TRP) PE herbicides better WCE over POE herbicides : 2.82 and 2.61% more WCE
PE herbicides -69.08 and 53.16 % WCE at 30 and 50 DAT, respectively
POE herbicides -66.26 and 55.77 % WCE at 30 and 50 DAT, respectively
Rabi Potato and Onion
Potato PE herbicides 20.03 and 24.24 % more WCE over one POE herbicide
PE Herbicides 92.40 and 66.27 % WCE at 30 and 50 DAP, respectively
Onion PE herbicides - 13.30 and 9.29 % more over POE herbicides
PE herbicides -61.90 and 43.96 % WCE at 30 and 50 DAP, respectively
Pre-kharif Black gram and Green gram PE herbicides recorded higher number of pods 3.35 and 3.45 over POE
HW - Maximum number of pods 14.9 (BG) and 15.87 (GG) and
Weedy check - Minimum number of pods 9.33 (BG) and 10.33 (GG)
Kharif Direct seeded puddled and Transplanted paddy HW - Maximum 12.87 (DSPP)and 16.45 (TRP) number of panicles/plant
Weedy check -Minimum 9.90 (DSPP) and 12.67 (TRP) no. of panicles/plant
PE herbicides - 12.38 (DSPP) and 15.37 (TRP) number of panicles/plant
POE herbicides - 11.00 (DSPP) and 14.52(TRP) number of panicles/plant
PE herbicides -More over POE herbicides : 12.55 % (DSPP) and 5.85% (TRP)
Rabi Potato and Onion
Potato PE herbicides (59.03 g) -10.93 g more tuber weight over POE (48.10 g)
HW- 59.0 g tuber weight and Weedy check - Mminimum 40.33 g
Onion PE herbicides (41.00 g) - 6.61 g more bulb weight over POE (30.87 g)
HW – Maximum bulb weight (44.7 g) and weedy check -Minimum (35.33 g)
Soil microflora population
Following Annual Planning of
Weed Pest Management (APWPM)
PE Herbicides recorded
more WCE, better major yield attribute,
higher economic yield and
superior soil microflora population
in comparison to POE herbicides
in all the crop sequences of
Black/Green gram (Pre- Kharif) –
DSPP / TRP (Kharif) –
Potato / Onion (Rabi)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Authors are thankful toResearch Scientists: Dr. K. Barui,
Research Students: Ms. Diana Shamurailatpam,
Mr. Adyant Kumar, Mr. D. Mondal, Ms. A. Ghosh
and other BCKV Teacher and student colleagues
related with these experiments
Thanks to Organizing Committee of
ISWS Biennial Conference