Post on 26-Dec-2015
Defining MIS : An
Evolutionary Perspective
Outline• Introduction
• Background
• Methodology
• Analysis
• Limitations and Discussion
Introduction• Evolution of MIS - Amalgamation of Disciplines - Consistent changes to the pillars - Origins of MIS and Scholars
• Evolutionary approach.
Background• Errors of Inclusion and Exclusion (Benbasat and
Zmud 2003).
• Deviation from the IT Artifact (Orlikowski and Iacano 2001).
• Considerable diversity in topics (Vessey et al 2002).
Previous Years’ Work• Subdomain definitions
• Most have highlighted key researchers
• Other systematic examinations in recent years
Methodology• H-Index Analysis
o Publish or Perish and Google Scholaro 1970 - 2010
• Top Paper Analysiso Same data as H-Index Analysis
• Keyword and Topic Analysiso JMIS, MISQ and ISRo 1990 – 2010o Nine Pillars
H-Index Analysis• 297 Researchers
o 125 MIS researchers, as defined by Hsinchun Cheno 172 Reference Discipline researchers as defined by past projects and
our own research
• H-Index data from Google Scholar via Publish or Perish• Data entered into SQL database• Custom web application (Researcher Researcher) to
determine H-Index for five year time slices between 1970 and 2011
Researcher Researcher Demo
Paper Citation Analysis
• Same dataset used for h-index analysis• 74,253 unique papers• Extracted top 10 papers for each time slice
Keyword Analysis
• 1,765 papers from MISQ, JMIS, and ISR from ‘90 – ‘11
• 15,044 total Keywords• 5,699 unique keywords• 2,473 keywords after removing corrupt data,
generic terms and combining similar terms (e.g., HCI and CHI)
Keyword Analysis• Key Word Collection - Articles between 1990-2010.• Data Preparation• Classification (Round 1)• Pillar Adjustments• Classification (Round 2)• Cross Checking• Analysis
Pillars
Artificial Intelligence/Knowledge Management
Behavior and Psychology
Collaboration and Communication
Database and Data Management
Economics of Informatics
Finance and CommerceOrganizational Issues, Management
Issues, Decision SciencePolicy, Ethics, and Social IssuesSystems Analysis, Design, and
Development
Representative Keywords
Pillar Representative Keywords
Artificial Intelligence, Knowledge Management, and Information Retrieval
artificial intelligence, content analysis, machine learning, knowledge management, search and retrieval, information quality, information
and knowledge visualization
Behavior and Psychologyacceptance and use, behavioral intentions, cognition and decision making, consumer/employee behaviors, group behaviors, human-
computer interaction, motivations, perceptions, trust
Collaboration and Communicationcollaboration, collective decision making, communication media,
computer-mediated communication, group performance, idea generation,
Database and Data Management Data management, data mining, data models, data processing, database performance, relational model, metadata
Economics of InformaticsBusiness Value of IT, economics of information systems, market
economics, information economy, information costs, information advantage
Finance and Commerce Auctions, e-commerce, electronic markets, buyer-seller relationships, B2B, B2C, mobile commerce, auction pricing
Organizational Issues, Management Issues, Decision Sciencesupply chain management, decision strategies, sustainability,
industrial management, firm innovation, organizational optimization, risk management
Policy, Ethics, and Social Issues Business ethics, IT controls, digital rights management, fraud, law, information privacy, societal impacts of IS
Systems Analysis, Design, and Developmentcomputer programming, software development, CASE tools, IS
project management, IS infrastructure, system analysis, requirements definition, system implementation
Limitations
Limitations - Journals
Limitations - Authors
VS
Limitations - Industry
Analysis & Results
Time Slice Results
1970 – 1974 At A Glance
Top MIS Publications Top Researchers by H-Index*• A program for research on management information systems
(Mason) - 1973, 629 Citations• Management information systems: appreciation and involvement
(Swanson) - 1974, 423 Citations• Operating systems (Madnick) - 1974, 221 Citations• Curriculum recommendations for undergraduate programs in
information systems (Cougar) - 1973, 136 Citations• An algorithm for the quadratic assignment problem
(Whinston) - 1970, 123 Citations• System analysis techniques (Cougar) - 1974, 104 Citations• Evolution of business system analysis techniques
(Cougar) - 1973, 103 Citations• Fuzzy sets and social choice (Whinston) - 1973, 89 Citations• Job satisfaction: A study of computer specialists (Mumford) - 1972,
82 Citations
MIS Reference
Henry C. Lucas 9George Wright 7Enid Mumford 7Stuart Madnick 6J. Daniel Cougar 6
Herbert Simon 28Gerard Salton 17Donald Norman 14Allen Newell 13Roger Schank 13
Key Notes• MIS emerging as a discipline• Much research in Systems Analysis and
Design• Computer science and data research are hot
topics
Pillar Distribution
* H-Index reflects only papers written during this time period
1975 – 1979 At A Glance
Top MIS Publications Top Researchers by H-Index*• Chief executives define their own data needs.
(Rockart) - 1979, 1738 Citations• Individual differences and MIS success: A review of the empirical
literature (Zmud) - 1979, 610 Citations• Edge preserving smoothing (Nagao) - 1979, 397 Citations• Strategic planning for management information systems
(King) - 1978, 392 Citations• User attitudes and management information system use
(Robey) - 1979, 392 Citations• The dimensions of maintenance (Swanson) - 1976, 367 Citations• Computer systems in work design-the ETHICS method
(Mumford) - 1979, 360 Citations• Performance and the Use of an Information System
(Lucas) - 1975, 301 Citations• Characteristics of application software maintenance
(Swanson) - 1978, 293 Citations
MIS Reference
Andrew Whinston 14William R. King 13Henry C. Lucas 11Kenneth Kraemer 11Enid Mumford 10
Herbert Simon 33Donald Norman 19Roger Schank 19John McCarthy 18Peter Chen 15
Key Notes• Lucas and Mumford carry over as influential
researchers from 1970-1974• Herb Simon wins Nobel Prize in 1978• Still heavily computer science influenced
Pillar Distribution
* H-Index reflects only papers written during this time period
1980 – 1984 At A Glance
Top MIS Publications Top Researchers by H-Index*• The measurement of user information satisfaction
(Ives) - 1983, 1142 Citations• User involvement and MIS success: a review of research
(Ives) - 1984, 894 Citations• The information system as a competitive weapon
(Ives) - 1984, 679 Citations• Social analyses of computing: Theoretical perspectives in recent
empirical research (Kling) - 1980, 653 Citations• Software maintenance management
(Swanson) - 1980, 649 Citations• Query optimization in database systems
(Jarke) - 1984, 613 Citations• Strategies for information requirements determination
(Davis) - 1982, 561 Citations• The web of computing: Computer technology as social
organization (Kling) - 1982, 528 Citations
MIS Reference
Ronald Rice 15Rob Kling 14Robert Blanning 14Blake Ives 14William R. King 13Matthias Jarke 13
Herbert Simon 26David Clark 24Ward Whitt 24John McCarthy 21Peter Chen 21Donald Norman 21
Key Notes• Blake Ives authors the three most cited MIS
papers of the time period• William King’s second consecutive time
period to be in the top• This marks the beginning of a twenty year
run of Matthias Jarke and a fifteen year run of Ronald Rice as top researchers
Pillar Distribution
* H-Index reflects only papers written during this time period
1985 – 1989 At A Glance
Top MIS Publications Top Researchers by H-Index*• The case research strategy in studies of information systems
(Benbasat) - 1987, 2242 Citations• Measurement of business performance in strategy research: A
comparison of approaches (Venkatraman) - 1986, 1689 Citations• Information technology and organizational change: causal
structure in theory and research (Robey, markus) - 1988, 1365 Citations
• The concept of fit in strategy research: Toward verbal and statistical correspondence (Venkatraman) - 1989, 1270 Citations
• Validating instruments in MIS research (Straub) - 1989, 1131 Citations
• Management strategies for information technology (Earl) - 1989, 1026 Citations
• Toward a “critical mass” theory of interactive media (Markus) - 1987, 914 Citations
MIS Reference
Jay Nunamaker 21Kenneth Kraemer 18Matthias Jarke 17N. Venkatraman 17Ronald Rice 16
David Clark 39Herbert Simon 34John McCarthy 25Allen Newell 25Ward Whitt 21
Key Notes• Jay Nunamaker hits the list for a 10 year run
in the top five list (and remains in the top overall thereafter).
• Many of the top papers discuss research and academic issues
Pillar Distribution
* H-Index reflects only papers written during this time period
1990 – 1994 At A Glance
Top MIS Publications Top Researchers by H-Index*• Information systems success: the quest for the dependent variable
(Mclean) – 1992, 3908 Citations• Process innovation: reengineering work through information
technology (Davenport) – 1993, 3370 Citations• Development of an instrument to measure the perceptions of
adopting an information technology innovation (Benbasat) – 1991, 2780 Citations
• The duality of technology: Rethinking the concept of technology in organizations (Orlikowski) – 1992, 2527 Citations
• Strategic alignment: Leveraging information technology for transforming organizations (Henderson, Venkatraman) – 1993, 1881 Citations
• Information technology implementation research: a technological diffusion approach (Zmud) – 1990, 1511 Citations
• Electronic meeting systems (Dennis, Nunamaker, George, Vogel, Valacich) – 1991, 1483 Citations
MIS Reference
Jay Nunamaker 26Ronald Rice 25Jonathan Grudin 23Alan R. Dennis 23N. Venkawtraman 20Matthias Jarke 20
Magid Igbaria 38David Clark 35Ward Whitt 33Jakob Nielsen 32Herbert Simon 30John McCarthy 30Peter Chen 30
Key Notes• Nunamaker on top with 60 publications• Electronic Meeting Systems – UA• Increasing focus on communication and
collaboration• First year the research team has keyword
data for topic analysis
Pillar Distribution
* H-Index reflects only papers written during this time period
AI (17%)
Behavioral (14%)
Communication (10%)Database (4%)
Econometrics (8%)Commerce (2%)
Operations (18%)
Policy (7%)
Systems Analysisand Design (19%)
1995 – 1999 At A Glance
Top MIS Publications Top Researchers by H-Index*• Putting the enterprise into the enterprise system
(Davenport) - 1998, 2504 Citations• Communication and trust in global virtual teams
(Leidner, Jarvenpaa) - 1998, 1909 Citations• Sucessful knowledge management projects
(Davenport) - 1999, 1886 Citations• Consumer Trust in an Internet Store: A Cross-Cultural Validation
(Jarvenpaa) - 1999, 1603 Citations• Perspective making and perspective taking in communities of
knowing (Boland) - 1995, 1416 Citations• Paradox lost? Firm-level evidence on the returns to information
systems spending (Hitt) - 1996, 1399 Citations• Information technology adoption across time: a cross-sectional
comparison of pre-adoption and post-adoption beliefs (Karahanna, Straub) - 1999, 1355 Citations
MIS Reference
Andrew Whinston 30Varun Grover 29Hsinchun Chen 26Matthias Jarke 21Micahel J. Shaw 21Tosiyasu Kunii 21Thomas Davenport 21
David Clark 47John McCarthy 43Peter Chen 43Magid Igbaria 36Herbert Simon 33
Key Notes• Hsinchun Chen moves into the top MIS
researchers list for a 17+ year run• Herb Simon’s last year in the top list
(Simon passes away in 2001)• Rise in e-commerce related research• Four top papers published by Thomas
Davenport and Srikka Jarvenpaa
Pillar Distribution
* H-Index reflects only papers written during this time period
AI (13%) -4%
Behavioral (13%) -1%Communication (13%) +3%
Database (3%) -1%Econometrics (9%) +1%Commerce (4%) + 2%Operations (18%)
Policy (9%) +2%
Systems Analysisand Design (18%) -1%
2000 – 2004 At A Glance
Top MIS Publications Top Researchers by H-Index*• User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view
(Davis, Venkatesh) - 2003, 3944 Citations• Review: Knowledge management and knowledge management
systems: Conceptual foundations and research issues (Leidner, Alavi) - 2001, 3456 Citations
• A theoretical extension of the technology acceptance model: Four longitudinal field studies (Venkatesh) - 2000, 3305 Citations
• Information technology and business process redesign (Davenport) - 2003, 2416 Citations
• Design science in information systems research (Hevner, Ram) - 2004, 2214 Citations
• The DeLone and McLean model of information systems success: A ten-year update (Mclean) - 2003, 1984 Citations
• Information Technology, Workplace Organization, and the Demand for Skilled Labor: Firm-Level Evidence* (Hitt) - 2002, 1653 Citations
MIS Reference
Hsinchun Chen 37Zahir Irani 28Kalle Lyytinen 26Andrew Whinston 25Gary Klein 25David Gefen 25
Deborah Estrin 73David Clark 46Peter Chen 45John McCarthy 38Amit Sheth 34
Key Notes• H. Chen, Irani, and Whinston all remain in
top five• Sudha Ram from UA publishes a top papers• H. Chen and Estrin are very productive• Significant research in e-commerce
Pillar Distribution
* H-Index reflects only papers written during this time period
AI (12%) -1%
Behavioral (20%) +7%
Database (3%)
Econometrics (11%) +2%Commerce (8%) + 4%Operations (15%) -3%Policy (6%) -3%
Systems Analysisand Design (14%) -4%
Communication (12%) -1%
2005 – 2011 At A Glance
Top MIS Publications Top Researchers by H-Index*• Toward the next generation of recommender systems: A survey of
the state-of-the-art and possible extensions (Tuzhilin) - 2005, 2013 Citations
• Using technology and constituting structures: A practice lens for studying technology in organizations (Orlikowski) - 2008, 1779 Citations
• Desperately seeking the 'IT'in IT research: A call to theorizing the IT artifact (Orlikowski) - 2006, 1203 Citations
• 14 IT-enabled Business Transformation: From Automation to Business Scope Redefinition (Venkatraman) - 2005, 926 Citations
• Behavioral intention formation in knowledge sharing: Examining the roles of extrinsic motivators, social-psychological forces, and organizational climate (Zmud) - 2005, 778 Citations
• Information Technology For Management (Leidner, Mclean) - 2008, 778 Citations
MIS Reference
Hsinchun Chen 25E. W. T. Ngai 22Robert Kauffman 20Zahir Irani 19Kenneth Kraemer 19Izak Benbasat 19
Peter Chen 38Amit Sheth 31John McCarthy 29Deborah Estrin 28David Clark 25
Key Notes• Hsinchun Chen remains top MIS researcher• W. Orlikowski has two highly cited papers• Considerable shake up amongst MIS
researchers• Reference researchers fairly stable
Pillar Distribution
* H-Index reflects only papers written during this time period
AI (16%) +4%
Behavioral (16%) -4%
Database (2%) -1% Econometrics (13%) +2%Commerce (13%) + 5%Operations (13%) -2%Policy (10%) +4%
Systems Analysisand Design (11%) -3%
Communication (7%) -5%
Results Over Time
Top Authors by h-index
Hsinchun Chen 57Andrew B. Whinston 56Ronald E. Rice 55Izak Benbasat 54Jay Nunamaker 51
Herbert Simon 103Deborah Estrin 92John McCarthy 89David Clark 88Peter Chen 82
MIS Reference Disciplines
MIS Authors
70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89 90-94 95-99 00-04 2005-110
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Hsinchun Chen Andrew Whinston Ronald Rice Izak Benbasat Jay Nunamaker
Reference Authors
70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89 90-94 95-99 00-04 2005-110
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Herbert Simon Deborah Estrin John McCarthy David Clark Peter Chen
Trends Over Time
90-92 93-95 96-98 99-01 2002-04 2005-07 2008-100
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
AIBehaveCommDataEconCommercOpsPolicySA&D
Trends Over Time
90-92 93-95 96-98 99-01 2002-04 2005-07 2008-100
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
EconCommercOpsSA&D
Trends Over Time
90-92 93-95 96-98 99-01 2002-04 2005-07 2008-100
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
AI
Behave
Comm
Data
Policy
Pillar Trends Over Time
90-92 93-95 96-98 99-01 2002-04 2005-07 2008-100%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
SA&DPolicyOpsCommercEconDataCommBehaveAI
17%
14%
10%
4%8%
2%
18%
7%
19%
90-94
AIBehaveCommDataEconCommerceOpsPolicSA&D
16%
16%
7%
2%13%
13%
13%
10%
11%
2005-11
AIBehaveCommDataEconCommerceOpsPolicSA&D
90-94 05-11 Change
AI 17 16 -1
Behavioral 14 16 +2
Communication
10 7 -3
Database 4 2 -2
Econometrics
8 13 +5
Commerce 2 13 +11
Operations 18 13 -5
Policy 7 10 +3
SA&D 19 11 -8
Discussion
Evolution of MIS
Evolving Definition of MIS
Focus on the IT? Focus on information?
The Future of MIS