Post on 16-Jul-2015
What is DBMS? Explain defferent model of DBMS?
Vandana Pradhan & Vijay Thorat Tata Institute of social science, Deonar Mumbai- 400088 Date:- 26th February 2015
Prasentation Content Introduction to Database Management System
What is database
Examples of database application
What is DBMS
Work done by DBMS
Why Study DBMS
Types of Databases
Diffrent Types of Database Models
Conclusion
Introduction to Database Management System
What is Data?
Data means Facts and Figures that can be recorded in a system and have special meaning attached to it Example – In General
Author ISBN Publisher TitlePublished
Year
Krishan, Kumar
9780706986389Vikas Publishing House Pvt Ltd
Theory Of Classification 2008
Cont.......
As the need for data increased, We need to developed a computer based system for storing and managing data.
What is database
Database is an organized collection of data. Collection of related data items stored in one place Database acts like logical collection of relevant
data Database is designed for offer an organized
mechanism for the purpose of storing, managing, and retrieving information
The following are examples of database application
Computerized library systems
Automated teller machines
flight reservation systems
Banking and Finance
Telecommunication
Example of databases
Search Engines:- May be you don't realise it but you probably use a
database almost everyday of your life. You will no doubt be familiar
with using a search engine like google.
Library database:- A library stores detail of all their books in a database.
When you want to know if a book is in stock in OPAC you can enter
either title, auther, or ISBN number and search information about the
book. You can find out how many copies are stored not only by your
SDTML Library but also other tiss branch libraries. The database also
records details of all the borrowers. When they return their books the
librarian will be informed if they are overdue and whether there are any
fines outstanding.
What is DBMS DBMS is the collection of software for organizing the information in
a database that might contain routines of data input, verification, storage, retrival, and combination.
DBMS are applications that interact with user to others applications and database itself to capture and analyse data.
DBMS is a suit of computer software providing interface between user's and the database.
They are so closely related the term database when used casually often refers to both DBMS and the data its manipulates.
Cont.....
A database management system (DBMS) is system software for creating
and managing databases The DBMS provides users and programmers
with a systematic way to create, retrieve, update and manage data. A
DBMS makes it possible for end users to create, read, update and
delete data in a database. The DBMS essentially serves as an interface
between the database and end users or application programs ensuring
that data is consistently organized and remains easily accessible.
Work done by DBMS
The DBMS manages three important things: the data, the
database engine that allows data to be accessed, locked and
modified and the database schema which defines the database’s
logical structure. These three foundational elements help
provide concurrency, security, data integrity and uniform
administration Procedures.
Cont....
The DBMS is perhaps most useful for providing a centralized view of data that
can be accessed by multiple users, from multiple locations, in a controlled
manner. E.g (Exam Result)
A DBMS can limit what data the end user sees, as well as how that end user can
view the data, providing many views of a single database schema. End users
and software programs are free from having to understand where the data is
physically located or on what type of storage media it resides because the
DBMS handles all requests.
Why Study DBMS
Because now a days database is every where :-
Library Catalouge (OPAC)
Institutional Repositories / Digital Libraries
Library Management System (KOHA)
Example:- In General ( IRCTC Booking ) Journey Bombay to Delhi
Examples of DBMS :- 1) MySQL, PostgreSQL 2) Microsoft Access
3) SQL Serve 4) FileMaker
5) Oracle 6) RDBMS
Database Management System
Software which decide
Attributes of the data
Store House Of Data
Database Appication Software
User
DBMS
Database
Types of DatabasesBased on Content :-
Bibliographic database
Full text databas
Indexing and Abstracting
Based on Application (area) :-
Banking
Insurance
Health, Hospitals
Based on Mode of Access :-
Online databse (internet)
Offline database (intranet)
Mobile database
Diffrent Types of Database Models
Hierarchical Model
Network Model
Relational Model
Object Oriented Model
Hierarchical Model Data is Organized into a simple tree like structure
It was the first DBMS Model (1960's)
Data is Stored Hierarchically either in top down or bottom up
Data is repersented using parent child relationship
Each parent can have many childern but children have only one parent.
All attributes of specific records are listed under entity types
Entity type is nathing but a table
Each individual record is represented as a row
Each individual attributes is represented as a colums
Example
Name is Entity
Poonam is Attributes
Full Table is Record
Name Age Place Contact
Poonam 24 Aurangabad 7738988432
Aditi 23 Mumbai 9833082107
Vandana 22 Madhya Pradesh 9770116494
Advantages Of Hierarchical Model
Conceptual Simplicity Security: given by DBMS it self Simple Creation, Manipulation and accesss of data Good database integrity means data related in
proper manner Data independence Efficiency: Produces high performance databse
Disadvantages Of Hierarchical Model
Complex Implementation
Difficult to Manage
Lack of structural independence
Complex application programing
Limitations in Implementation
Network Model
Like hierachical model this uses pointers towards data
Allows each record to have multiple parent child
records
Not Neccessarily a downwords tree struture
Entities are organized in a graph in which some entities
can be accessed through several paths.
Advantages Of Network Model
Simple Design
Ability to Handle Many Relationship
Easy To data Access
Data Integerity (Current data, Specific, Fixed)
Data Independence:
- Application Programmes work independently of the data.
- Any Change mode to the data do not affect Application Programme.
Relational Model
First proposed by “Edgor Cod” (1969) Computer Scientist who invented relational model for database management.
It Simplifies the database structure (data represented) by the used of tables and colums.
RDBMS is a database management system based on relational model.
One of the most commonly used model.
Advantages of Relational Model
Relational Algebra: Relational database supports relational algebra and relational operations of the set theoty like Union, Intersection, Diffrence etc.
Dyanamic views: In relational database model, view is not past of physical schema it is always dyanamic.
Excellent data Security : Support the concept of users rights, meets security of databases.
Scaling up : Can be scated upto new hardware technology
Object Oriented Model Data Stored in the form of objects, the structure which are called
“Classes” that display data within it.
Defines database as a collection of objects that contains both data members values and operations that are allowed on the data.
Inter-relationship and constraints are implemented through objects and links.
Evolved to handke more complex applications such as database for scientific experiments, geographic information system, CAD (computer Aided Design).
The DBMS developed using this mode is called OODBMS.
Object model deal with data as higher level (with object surounding data).
Combine the capabilities of object oriented programming languag
( Example: C++, Java)
Advantages & Disadvantage of Object Oriented Model
Advantages :-Advantages :-
Provide a clear modular structure which is good for defining Abstract data types.
Model is easy to maintain and modify existing code as we can create new model with small change.
Disadvantages :-
Model is often provided through object oriented language such as (C++, Java).
Practically very complex and in applicable in many times.
Conclusion
A DBMS is a systematic operational system which consists of tools
making data, data saving and data manipulation an easier task. DBMS
is the majorly used through out the wold for data handling. Thus its a
good data manager till today. If some one ask you question How do we
protect data form crashes? Why to complicated?
The solution is to get A DBMS