Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (1475-1564)

The marble not yet carved can

hold the form of every thought the

greatest artist has.

E

DM

Får ikke kjøpe medisin Får ikke kjøpe medisin direktedirekte

”Innherred sykehus vil spare millionbeløp på å kjøpe legemidler direkte fra grossist.

Statens helsetilsyn sier nei.Sykehusdirektør Sigurd

Ingvaldsen er oppgitt.”Adresseavisen 26 oktober 2000

Cyberspace før og nå.

Om mennesker og maskiner.

Cyberspace før og nå.

Om mennesker og maskiner.

Førsteamanuensis Arne KrokanBI / Norges Markedshøgskole

Professor Tor G Syvertsen

Institutt for konstruksjonsteknikkStudio Apertura

NTNU

Førsteamanuensis Arne KrokanBI / Norges Markedshøgskole

Professor Tor G Syvertsen

Institutt for konstruksjonsteknikkStudio Apertura

NTNU

http://www.apertura.ntnu.no/cyberspace/cyberspace.htm

CyberspaceCyberspaceWilliam Gibson,William Gibson, Neuromancer, Neuromancer, 19841984 “Cyberspace. A consensual

hallucination experienced daily by billions of legitimate

operators, in every nation, by children being taught

mathematical concepts ...

A graphic representation of data abstracted from the banks of every computer in the human

system. Unthinkable complexity”

HG Wells: “World Brain”, HG Wells: “World Brain”, 19381938

"We are living in 1937, and our universities, I suggest, are not half-way out of the fifteenth century. We have made hardly any changes in our conception of university organization, education, graduation, for a century - for several centuries.

"We are living in 1937, and our universities, I suggest, are not half-way out of the fifteenth century. We have made hardly any changes in our conception of university organization, education, graduation, for a century - for several centuries.

The three or four years course of lectures, the bachelor who knows some, the master who knows most, the doctor who knows all, are ideas that have come down unimpaired from the Middle Ages.

The three or four years course of lectures, the bachelor who knows some, the master who knows most, the doctor who knows all, are ideas that have come down unimpaired from the Middle Ages.

Nowadays no one should end his learning while he lives and these university degrees are preposterous. It is true that we have multiplied universities greatly in the past hundred years, but we seem to have multiplied them altogether too much upon the old pattern.”

Nowadays no one should end his learning while he lives and these university degrees are preposterous. It is true that we have multiplied universities greatly in the past hundred years, but we seem to have multiplied them altogether too much upon the old pattern.”

““As We May Think”As We May Think”“Professionally our methods of transmitting and reviewing the

results of research are generations old and by now are totally

inadequate for their purpose. If the aggregate time spent in writing scholarly works and in

reading them could be evaluated, the ratio between these amounts of

time might well be startling”

Vannevar Bush: “As We May think”, July 1945

“Wholly new forms of encyclopedias will appear, ready-made with a mesh of associative trails running

through them, ready to be dropped into the memex and

there amplified”.

Memex Memex (Vannevar (Vannevar Bush)Bush)

“Consider a future device for individual use, which is a sort of mechanized private file and library. It needs a name, and to coin one at random, “memex” will do. A memex is a device in which an individual stores all his books, records, and communications, and which is mechanized so that it may be consulted with exceeding speed and flexibility. It is an enlarged intimate supplement to his memory.”

Augmenta

tion

Augmenta

tion v

svs

Autom

ation

Autom

ation

Augmenta

tion

Augmenta

tion v

svs

Autom

ation

Autom

ation

ConnectionsConnections“The secret of what anything means to us depends on how we've connected it to all the other things we know.That's why it's almost always wrong to seek the "real meaning" of anything. A thing with just one meaning has scarcely any meaning at all.”

- Marvin Minsky

The The LINKLINK is the is the FUNDAMENTAL FUNDAMENTAL

PROPERTYPROPERTYof the digital of the digital

mediummedium(WWW)(WWW)

The The LINKLINK is the is the FUNDAMENTAL FUNDAMENTAL

PROPERTYPROPERTYof the digital of the digital

mediummedium(WWW)(WWW)

SputnikSputnik

4 oktober 1957

Douglas C. Engelbart, ca 1950Douglas C. Engelbart, ca 1950FLASH-1: The difficulty of mankind's

problems was increasing at a greater rate than our ability to cope. (We are in trouble.)

FLASH-2: Boosting mankind's ability to deal with complex, urgent problems would be an attractive candidate as an arena in which a young person might try to "make the most difference."

Yes, but there's that question of what does the young electrical engineer do about it? Retread for role as educator, research psychologist, legislator, ... ? Is there any handle there that an electrical engineer could ...

FLASH-3: Ahah -- graphic vision surges forth of me sitting at a large CRT console, working in ways that are rapidly evolving in front of my eyes (beginning from memories of the radar-screen consoles I used to service).

FLASH-1: The difficulty of mankind's problems was increasing at a greater rate than our ability to cope. (We are in trouble.)

FLASH-2: Boosting mankind's ability to deal with complex, urgent problems would be an attractive candidate as an arena in which a young person might try to "make the most difference."

Yes, but there's that question of what does the young electrical engineer do about it? Retread for role as educator, research psychologist, legislator, ... ? Is there any handle there that an electrical engineer could ...

FLASH-3: Ahah -- graphic vision surges forth of me sitting at a large CRT console, working in ways that are rapidly evolving in front of my eyes (beginning from memories of the radar-screen consoles I used to service).

Den første musaDen første musa

Klaviatur og musKlaviatur og mus

Fall Joint Computer Fall Joint Computer Conference, Conference, San Fransisco 1968San Fransisco 1968

ArbeidsstasjonenArbeidsstasjonen

Lett å bruke?Lett å bruke?eller effektiv?eller effektiv?

ARPAARPAAdvanced Project Research Advanced Project Research AgencyAgency

1969: ARPANET1969: ARPANET

1973: UK og Norge tilknyttet1973: UK og Norge tilknyttet

1983: INTERNET1983: INTERNET

1989: internett1989: internett

~1994: WWW~1994: WWW

~1996: .com~1996: .com

Informasjonshistorikk Informasjonshistorikk (kortform)(kortform) Skriving

oppfinnesJohan Gutenberg finner opp løse typerog moderne trykking

Von Neumann m fl finner opp

datamaskinenMikroprosessoren gjør datamaskinen til allemannseie

Internett kobler oss alle sammen

Etter Nathan Myhrvold, Microsoft

The media shape the The media shape the thinkingthinking

50000 years: spoken language 5000 years: written language 500 years: printed books 50 years: computers 5 years: digital media

Idea: professor Mitchel Resnick, MIT Media LaboratoryIdea: professor Mitchel Resnick, MIT Media Laboratory

new media skills: 5 years knowledge economy: 10 years new organizations: 25 years new universities: 100 years??

Every medium has its natural symbols

Clay and pin Papyrus and brush Stone and chisel

CuneiformCuneiformlettersletters

Hieratic Hieratic lettersletters

RunicRuniclettersletters

The ComputerThe Computer

The Printing Press

SSSS iiii mmmm pppp llll eeee tttt yyyy pppp oooo gggg rrrr aaaa pppp hhhh yyyy

JOHANNES GUTENBERG

The IconThe Icon

From incunabulas

to

ReadingWritingArithmeticsHard-working

Acquire knowledge

Present ideas

Differential communication

Team-working

Printed Book

Basic SkillsBasic Skills

Digital Network

The First Paperless The First Paperless AirplaneAirplane

““Augmented Augmented Reality”Reality”

Kunstig synKunstig syn

Zoom

Richochet Wireless Internet Access

DISH Network

Home Service on Call

Long Distance

Electronic Town Square

Home Electronics Sale

Appliance Protection

Informasjons-forsyning:

‘Information atYour Fingertips’

get your position get your position right?right?

VIDEOCONFERENCING IN THE VIDEOCONFERENCING IN THE OUTBACKOUTBACKSince 1993, aborigine communities in Australia's Northern Territory have been using videoconferencing as the primary medium for personal and business communications among each other and other sites in Sydney, Darwin and Alice Springs. The Tanami Network, which uses PictureTel video-conferencing equipment, is favored over the telephone or radio because it can convey the extensive system of hand gestures used by aborigines while speaking. (Technology Review Apr 96 p17)

83 år gammel 83 år gammel Yamada-sjarmørYamada-sjarmør

Moore’s Law Moore’s Law RevisitedRevisited

1970

1974

1978

1982

1986

1990

1994

1998

2002

Performance/Costfor Computing

Nathan Myhrvold’s 1st Law:

Software is a gas -

it expands to fit the container it is

in

The digitalThe digitalmediummedium

Price0

Performance

Effektivisering av Effektivisering av “lukket avdeling”“lukket avdeling”

Kostnad pr enhet

Kostnad pr enhetProduserte

enheter

Produserte enheter

Effektivisering avEffektivisering av byråkratiet medfører: byråkratiet medfører:

MER BYRÅKRATIMER BYRÅKRATI

Effektivisering avEffektivisering av byråkratiet medfører: byråkratiet medfører:

MER BYRÅKRATIMER BYRÅKRATI

KommunikasjonKommunikasjon

Send

HentHent

Produsenten må Produsenten må være kundeorientertvære kundeorientert

Brukeren Brukeren har kontrollhar kontroll

KostnadKostnad

Senderenhar kontroll

og makt

Mottakerenblir nedlesset

What information What information consumesconsumes

Nobel laureate economist Herbert A. Simon

"What information consumes is rather obvious: it consumes the ATTENTION of its recipients. Hence a wealth of information creates a poverty of attention, and a need to allocate that attention efficiently among the over-abundance of information sources that might consume it."

Key Reso

urces:

Key Reso

urces:

Attentio

n and K

nowledge

Attentio

n and K

nowledge

Key Reso

urces:

Key Reso

urces:

Attentio

n and K

nowledge

Attentio

n and K

nowledge

Oppmerksomhetens Oppmerksomhetens kapasitet?kapasitet?

10000000 bit/s10000000 bit/s10 bit/s10 bit/s

Effektivisering i 20 årEffektivisering i 20 år

Har du fått Har du fått bedre tid?bedre tid?

Hvilket kjønn har en PC?Hvilket kjønn har en PC?Kvinnene: hankjønn For å bruke den, må en

først få den opp Den har massevis av

informasjon, men har fortsatt ingen egen mening om noe.

Den skal i utgangspunktet hjelpe deg med å løse problemer, men det er i virkeligheten DEN som er problemet.

Så snart du har bundet deg til en, innser du at hadde du ventet litt lenger, ville du fått en mye bedre modell.

Mennene: hunkjønn Ingen bortsett fra dens

skaper forstår dens indre logikk

Det interne språket den bruker for å kommunisere med andre PCèr er uforståelig for andre

Selv den aller minste feil blir lagret i langtids-minnet, for senere å bli hentet opp igjen til stadighet

Så fort du skaffer deg en, finner du ut at halvparten av lønna di går med til tilleggsutstyr.

Capital and Profitable Capital and Profitable KnowledgeKnowledge

Physical Capital:Physical Capital:matter and energymatter and energy

EngineeringEngineering

Financial Capital:Financial Capital:money and stocksmoney and stocks

EconomicsEconomics

Intellectual,Intellectual,Human,Human,

StructuralStructuralCapital:Capital:

ambitions,ambitions, attitudes, attitudes, relations relations

Sociology,Sociology,PsychologyPsychology

Anthropology,Anthropology,......

19601960

19801980

20002000

Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet (NTNU), Trondheim

Kunnskap om kunnskapsvekst

Dragvoll GårdDragvoll Gård

wwwwww

Know

HoW!

Know

What?

Know

Why?

BUY it!!!

DO it!!!

Attila the Hun Attila the Hun on Timingon Timing

"Pushing events to happen before their time is less important than their ultimate achievement. Victory comes to one who knows not only what to do but when to do it."

Kunstig Kunstig intelligens??intelligens??

Uintelligente komponenter

med effektiv kommunikasjon kan skape en intelligent

helhet!

Kan vi frambringeKan vi frambringekunstig intelligens?kunstig intelligens?

Naturlig dumhet!!Naturlig dumhet!!

Intelligente komponenter med ineffektiv kommunikasjon kanskape en uintelligent helhet....

Kan vi avskaffe naturlig dumhet?

New Millenium New Millenium ChampionsChampions1. Speed and Simplicity2. Unique External Relations3. Unique Internal Relations4. Responsibility and Trust5. Strong Beliefs6. Beautiful Dreams

20002000

Changing Times ....'It was the best of times,

it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom,

it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief,

it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light,

it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope,

it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us,

we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven,

we were all going direct the other way'

(Charles Dickens: "A Tale of Two Cities”, 1859) MIDI Sequence

Y2K???Y2K???

Ingenting Ingenting motmotY1-Y1-problemet!problemet!!!

The Knowledge The Knowledge EconomyEconomy

Postulate 1: Postulate 1: Knowledge is PowerKnowledge is PowerPostulate 2: Postulate 2: Time is MoneyTime is Money

As any engineer knows;As any engineer knows;Work = Power*TimeWork = Power*Time

By substitution:By substitution:Work = Knowledge*MoneyWork = Knowledge*Money

Solving for Money:Solving for Money:

Money =Money = WorkWorkKnowledgeKnowledge

As Knowledge As Knowledge 0 0

Money Money regardless of Workregardless of Work

Hence:the less you know,the less you know,the more you makethe more you make

Hence:the less you know,the less you know,the more you makethe more you make

Hoffnarren: Tor G Syvertsen

Ide, tekst og grafikk: Tor G Syvertsen

Per R Stokke Jan Onarheim

Per Morten SchiefloeArne Krokan

Spesialrådgiver:Bjørn Vidar Lerøen

Produsert og framført av:Den norske digitalmisjon

Støttet av:NTNUStatoil

Norges ForskningsrådTrekkspill:

Helge FørdeThe Brazz Brothers

CopyLeft 1997-2001Den norske

digitalmisjonTAKK FOR

OPPMERKSOMHETENtgs@apertura.ntnu.no

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