World Geography

Marlyn BautistaBEED-III

N I G E R I A country in western Africa, south of the country of Niger.

Official name: Federal Republic of Nigeria. The people of Nigeria are called Nigerians.

October 1, 1960, Nigeria became independent from Great Britain.

becoming a member of the commonwealth of Nations and joining the United Nations.

Nigeria has no territories or colonies. ( www.nationsencyclopedia.com )

TERRITORIES, COLONIES, AND DEPENDENCIES

Map of Nigeria

Location: Nigeria is bordered by Benin, Niger, Chad, Cameroon and the Gulf of Guinea (part of the Atlantic Ocean).

COUNTRY FACTS

Size: Nigeria covers about 923,768 square kilometers (about twice as big as the state of California). Nigeria is the 32nd largest country in the world.

Population Statistics:183, 523, 432 population (2015). Nigeria has the 8th largest population of any country in the world (after China, India, USA, Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan, and Bangladesh.

Language: The official language is English. Other languages include Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo (Ibo), and Fulani.

COUNTRY FACTS

Education: Girls in Nigeria go to school for an average of 8 years;

boys go for an average of 10 years.

Capital: Abuja is the capital of Nigeria.

Major Cities: Lagos(Port and former capital), Kano(A state in northern Nigeria), Ibadan(3rd largest city of Nigeria), Port Harcourt, and Kaduna.

Official Religion: Islam 50%, Christian 40%, indigenous beliefs 10%.

FLAG OF NIGERIA

Nigeria's flag was adopted on October 1, 1960, after Nigeria became independent from Great Britain. The

flag consists of three vertical bands of green and white. It is a vertical tri band.

GREEN bands represent Nigeria’s agricultural industry and its lush vegetation.

WHITE band represents the desire for peace and unity with in the country.

The black shield represents the goodness of Nigeria.

The silver wavy bends represent the rivers Niger and Benue and their confluence.

The horses symbolize dignity.

Economic Statistics:

GDP/PPP: $478.5 billion, per capita $2,800. Real growth rate: 6.2%. inflation: 8.7% Unemployment: 23.9% Arable Land: 38.97%

Natural Resources: Natural gas, petroleum, tin, iron ore, coal, limestone, niobium, lead, zinc, arable land. Exports: $55.98 billion, Imports: 55.98 billion.

Major Industries: Crude oil, coal, tin, columbite; rubber products, wood; hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, steel.

Agricultural Products: Cocoa, peanuts, cotton, palm oil, corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava (tapioca), yams, rubber; cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; timber, and fish. Labor force: 51.53 million; agriculture 70%, industry 10%, services 20%.

World Wide conflicts and War

Start of

conflicts Conflicts Continent Location

2009Boko Haram insurgency

Africa Nigeria Cameroon Niger Chad

1998Communal conflicts in Nigeria

Africa  Nigeria

TRAVEL Best Time to Visit Nigeria!

The most populated country in Africa, Nigeria has become an untapped tourist paradise with long stretches of exotic beaches, lush mountains, well preserved tradition and culture and enchanting tourist attractions.

From the spiritual shines to the ancient cities of the north, from the river deltas to the Yoruba kingdoms, the Ibo’s stunning environments and among many simply pure sceneries; Nigeria leaves every visitor breathing hard with suspense and excitement.

1. The Ibeno Beach

Tourist sites

Ibeno lies the Ibeno Beach, a little haven for leisure seekers. The roaring waves, spots for sunbathing, unpolluted foliage of the mangrove forest, cool breeze from the water and a lush surrounding give this destination an unimaginable allure for tourists.

Location: Ibeno, Akwa Ibom State

2. Obudu Mountain Resort

Above the sea level on the Oshie Ridge of the famous Sankwala Mountains sits majestically the Obudu Mountain Resort. The temperate climate, breathtaking views, idyllic tranquility and beautiful scenery has made this resort one of the famous tourists’ sites in Nigeria.

Location: Obudu, Cross River State

3. Ngwo Pine Forest

The unique forest dynasty that is found in Ngwo Pine is a huge draw for visitors, romantically set by Mother Nature with sharp twists for adventure seekers, beautifully set pine trees and gently flowing stream for lovers, and the loud splashing of the waters inside the dark cleft inside a cave would blow off one’s imagination.

Location: Ngwo, Enugu State

4. Awhum Waterfall

Awhum boasts of numerous immaculate lakes, waterfall and a monastery. The waterfall forms beautiful scenery where water cascades over its top forming a stream, which has become a religious tourist site. It is close to the Awhum Monastery.

Location: Awhum, Enugu State

5. Port Harcourt Tourist Beach

If you are looking for a destination where you can run away from the bustling life of a city; one that is built on an artificial sand beach, Port Harcourt Tourist Beach is where you should be. It is a leisure hub along Kolabi Creek.

Location: Port Harcourt, Rivers State

6. Gashaki-Gumpti National Park

A national park that offers a fascinating insight into life in medieval times in Nigeria is the Gashaki-Gumpti National Park. It is located within the Chappal Wadi, Mountain, Chappal Hendu and the Mountain of Wind. It is Nigeria’s largest and most diverse National Park.

Location: Gashaki-Gumpti, Taraba State

7. Alok Ikom Monoliths

300 carved stones standing upright in circles, facing each

others in groups with images and texts inscribed on the monoliths

are how you would see Alok Ikom Monoliths (UNESCO World

Heritage Site) that are in form of a phallus.

Location: Ikom, Cross River state

8. Isaac Boro Garden Park

Isaac Boro Garden Park is situated opposite the Mile One Bridge along the Old GRA in Port Harcourt. Today, it has become a tourist location where

baseball and softball are played and a center for trade fairs and live entertainment. The tomb of Major Isaac Boro , a soldier killed in the Nigeria

Civil War lies here.

9. The Tinapa Free Zone & Resort

The charm of Calabar mingled with the taste of its rich culture gives Tinapa Free Zone & Resort that magnificent scenario that mesmerizes tourists. It has 860,000 sq ft lettable retail space, an entertainment strip that houses a digital cinema, restaurants, a mini amphitheater, casino, and children’s arcade, a Studio Tinapa for Nollywood, a night club and pubs. Visit: Tinapa Free Zone and Resort.

Location: Calabar, Cross River State

10. Osun-Osogbo Grove

This is the only tourist destination in Nigeria that has sacred shrines, sanctuaries, sculptures and art works that are created in the honour of the goddess of fertility, Osun. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site situated along the Oshun River.

Location: Oshogbo, Osun State

11. Surame Cultural Landscape

When it comes to the wonders of human creativity, ingenuity and civilization, Surame cultural landscape makes that possible. This is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that has walls made of huge stones and a palace for the village chief; Hidi.

Location: Surame, Sokoto State

12. Oke-Idanre Hill

A visit to the Oke-Idanre Hill gives a tourist access to a lot of spectacular valleys that are interspersed with inselbelgs and high plain about the sea level. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that has Omi Aopara; the thunder water, Agbooogun foot print, burial grounds, shrines and the Owa’s palace.

Location: Oke-Idanre, Ondo State

13. Ogbunike Caves, Enugu State

Ogbunike Caves make an idea tourists destination. These caves are closely associated with historical and spiritual significance. There are 317 steps that need to be used to descend down to the caves. It is a UNESCO Heritage Site.

Location: Ogbunike, Anambra State

14. Ancient Kano City Walls

There are much more to the beautiful medieval city of Kano when you see the impressive ancient Kano walls (listed on the UNESCO World Heritage Sites’ tentative list) . This 14km radius earth monument has a spiritual, cultural and historical significance. It is associated with the Emir’s Palace.

Location: Kano, Kano State

15. Coconut Beach

No place tells the story of tourism fused with history like Badagry. It has breathtaking and beautiful ocean views, a perfect place for relaxation. 20 miles before you get to the Republic of Benin lies Coconut beach, and it is surrounded by a lot of coconut trees.

Location: Badagry, Lagos State

CLIMATE NIGERIA HAS FOUR DIFFERENT TYPES OF CLIMATE

The 1st is the tropical rainforest climate, and the south of the country will generally see more annual rainfall than elsewhere in Nigeria. 2nd is tropical savanna, which is drier and affected by the huge African continental landmass. 3rd is the tropical dry climate in south, where vegetation changes and is more desert like. And there are some mountains in Nigeria that experiences a (4th) montane micro-climate, which much lower temperatures and different patterns of precipitation.

As a tropical country with this geography, Nigeria experiences four different climate types, which generally differ as you travel from south to north of the country, moving away from the equator.

CLIMATE Since it is a tropical country, there are still only two seasons in Nigeria. The dry season, which lasts from October until April is determined by high temperatures and low humidity, and is affected by warm winds coming from the Sahara Desert to the north. These winds are known locally as ‘harmattan’, and they come into force around December until February. For the other six months of the year the country is in the wet season. Rains start in the south, and then travel northward, with most parts of the country seeing the most rain in May, June, or July. Throughout the year, average temperatures in Nigeria fall between 73°F and 88°F. However, the mercury can rise as high as 110°F during the hottest time of the dry season, and drop to 42°F during the rainy season.

Thank you for listening !