Post on 13-Dec-2015
Conservation planning strategies at the landscape scale
Conservation planning strategies at the landscape scale
• The sum total of all life on earth
• The wealth of genes, species, ecosystems and ecological processes that make our living planet what it is
• Our living legacy to future generations
Biodiversity is
Avoid Species Extinctions
Protect Key Biodiversity Areas
Consolidate Biodiversity Conservation Corridors
Biosphere
Genes
Species
Sites
Seascapes/ Landscapes
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Levels where C
I works
Levels where C
I works
Biodiversity Conservation CorridorsDefinition, targets
and delineation
Defining Biodiversity Conservation Corridors
A biologically and strategically defined sub-regional space selected as a unit for large-scale conservation
planning and implementation purposes
• Scale• Connectivity• Resilience• Broad-scale
threats• Human
welfare
Some principles for corridor delineation
• Areas necessary to conserve globally threatened species
• Areas necessary to conserve area-demanding species and/or the persistence of key ecological processes on threatened species or key biodiversity areas depend
• As a strategic space for conservation action, to proactively address existing and emerging threats to biodiversity from different scales, and incorporate conservation into development planning
Ecological processWide-ranging globally threatened sp.
Protected area A
Key biodiversity area B
Boundaries are to capture system of KBAs, connectivity, areas required for viable populations and ecological processes, and strategic areas for responding to threats and/ or tackling development priorities …
Strategic area for responding to threats
Strategic area for integrating development needs
Species that require urgent conservation actions at the sea/ landscape scale
Species isolated by fragmentation
Area-demanding species
Species threatened by climate change
Species dependent on broad-scale ecological processes
Ecological processes
The corridor planning framework
Objectives of a corridor strategy
• Persistence of wide-ranging species and ecological processes
• Balancing with local social, economic, development and cultural priorities and dynamics
• Forward thinking to anticipate future changes
• Maintain resiliency of socio-economic strategies – coping mechanisms, natural buffers
Biodiversity Analysis
Context Analysis• Who are key stakeholders (those with significant
impact/influence/relationship)?
• How are they interacting with biodiversity?
• Why are they interacting with resources the way they are?
Threats to Biodiversity Status
Opportunities to Influence Biodiversity
Status
Integrate Analyses and Select Responses
Biodiversity targets and requirements.
State, trends and future predictions on
biodiversity status and environmental
processes
Monitor, E
valuate, Adapt
Monitor, E
valuate, Adapt
Context analysis is …
an iterative process of reviewing, consolidating, and analyzing factors that influence the state of biodiversity: socio-cultural, economic, institutional, political, and geographical information and trends.
(from the Refining Biodiversity Conservation Corridors Workshop, Santarem, Dec 2004)
Context analysis integrates layers of policy, socio-economic and land use analyses to understand better where there is flexibility in options to achieve conservation outcomes,
determine where to act in terms of benefits, costs and opportunities …
… and when to act in terms of threats …
… and relative to the existing development priorities in the region
First layer of spatial and economic analyses at landscape-scale to identify and prioritize areas for action based on vulnerability and threat…
Multiple layers and scales of socio-economic analyses
Second layer of analyses to examine the enabling conditions for implementing activities…
Types of analyses might include: land tenure, livelihood strategies/needs, community dynamics, policy an institutions, markets,...
Third layer to support policy interventions and to mainstream biodiversity into development at national/ regional scale (land use planning, poverty reduction strategies, infrastructure development, greening key sectors …)
Economy Society
Environment
Case study of an adaptive corridor planning process: North Sumatra, Indonesia
Northern Sumatra Corridor, Indonesia
Background:
• 4.5 mil ha landscape
• High levels of endangered spp:
• 210 mammals• 580 birds• 194 reptiles• 62 amphibians
• Population of ~13mil
• Reconstruction and development
Example of Forest Cover and Change Mapping
Forest change detection, 1990-2000
Biodiversity outcomes
• Led a participatory process to map and prioritize important biodiversity areas in 2001 – led to development of the 10 year Conservation Vision Map.
• Built a common conservation vision and mission among all stakeholders
Seulawah Heritage Forests(1.4 Million Ha)Improved PA ManagementCreate Corridor Connectivity
Seulawah Heritage Forests(~1.4 Million Ha)•Improved PA Management•Create Connectivity Among PAs
Western Toba Watershed(~0.26 Million Ha)•Improved PA Management•Create Connectivity Among PAs
Angkola Lowland Wilderness(~0.4 Million Ha)•New PA
Leuser Ecosystem(~2.6 Million Ha)•Improved PA Management
10 Y
EA
RS
OU
TC
OM
ESThe process of defining Key Biodiversity Areas are
currently being finalized for the whole island of Sumatra. Information will be used to refine the Vision Maps.
Research ongoing to identify wide ranging species’ needs in the land use matrix.
Meeting the target species’ needs in the land use matrix
Integrating biodiversity and hydrological processes
Ongoing research:Pantanal, Brazil
Hydrological Processes Initiative
• First phase of project focused on defining targets for maintaining hydrological processes for biodiversity persistence
• Second phase (FY07) focused on analyzing
socio-economic, cultural and political pressures on the hydrological system; and integration of these concerns with the biodiversity targets in development of a strategy for conservation action.
Giant otter (Pteronura brasiliensis)
• species intimately linked with water; • strong social behavior – living in group; • needs of the edge/river bank to build dens, to give birth and offspring care; • during the dry season, groups are restricted for the river channel (lots of records); • in the wet season, groups are dispersed (less records) • the occurrence is related to large-sized fishes (its main food resources) • in the past, giant otter was very hunted (skin) • currently, fisherman don’t like it, because it feeds on large fishes (there is a high fisherman demand – tourists)
Biodiversity targets in the PantanalBiodiversity targets in the Pantanal
Corridors Economics and Planning Program
Corridors Economics and Planning Program