Conservation and management of large carnivores in France:

A beneficial collaboration between ONCFS practitioners

and CNRS researchers

MurielleGuinot-Ghestem,EricMarbou,n,ChristopheDuchamp,Pierre-YvesQuene;e,Lae,,aBlanc,SarahCubaynes,JulieLouvrier,LucileMarescot,BlaisePiédallu,OlivierGimenez

Fromsciencetomanagement

Development Implementation

Science (fundamental, applied)

Public debates, discussions

Decision

Management actions

Monitoring

Fromsciencetomanagement

Public debates, discussions

Decision

Management actions

Monitoring

feedbacks

Development Implementation

Science (fundamental, applied)

Fromsciencetomanagement

Public debates, discussions

Decision

Management actions

Monitoring

researchers researchers

feedbacks

researchers

Development Implementation

Science (fundamental, applied)

Arewetalkingaboutthesamethings?Researcher: Someone whose job is to study a subject carefully, especially in

order to discover new information or understand the subject better (Cambridge Dictionnary)

Here: A person who delivers scientifical results and preconisations

Fromsciencetomanagement

Public debates, discussions

Decision

Management actions

Monitoring

researchers researchers

designers

feedbacks

researchers

Development Implementation

Science (fundamental, applied)

Arewetalkingaboutthesamethings?Researcher: Someone whose job is to study a subject carefully, especially in

order to discover new information or understand the subject better (Cambridge Dictionnary)

Here: A person who delivers scientifical results and preconisations

Designer: A person who imagines how something could be made and draws plans for it (Cambridge Dictionnary)

Here: A person who develops, tests, implements in “real life” wildlife monitoring and management solutions, sometimes coming from scientifical preconisations

Fromsciencetomanagement

Public debates, discussions

Decision

Management actions

Monitoring

researchers researchers

designers

civil society

decision-makers

feedbacks

researchers

Development Implementation

Science (fundamental, applied)

Arewetalkingaboutthesamethings?Researcher: Someone whose job is to study a subject carefully, especially in

order to discover new information or understand the subject better (Cambridge Dictionnary)

Here: A person who delivers scientifical results and preconisations

Designer: A person who imagines how something could be made and draws plans for it (Cambridge Dictionnary)

Here: A person who develops, tests, implements in “real life” wildlife monitoring and management solutions, sometimes coming from scientifical preconisations

Decision-maker: A person who decides things by selecting a logical choice from the available options (Cambridge Dictionnary and Business Dictionnary)

Here: The available options can include preconisations proposed by scientists and designers

Fromsciencetomanagement

Public debates, discussions

Decision

Management actions

Monitoring

researchers

practitioners

practitioners

researchers

designers

civil society

decision-makers

feedbacks

researchers

Development Implementation

Science (fundamental, applied)

Arewetalkingaboutthesamethings?Researcher: Someone whose job is to study a subject carefully, especially in

order to discover new information or understand the subject better (Cambridge Dictionnary)

Here: A person who delivers scientifical results and preconisations

Designer: A person who imagines how something could be made and draws plans for it (Cambridge Dictionnary)

Here: A person who develops, tests, implements in “real life” wildlife monitoring and management solutions, sometimes coming from scientifical preconisations

Decision-maker: A person who decides things by selecting a logical choice from the available options (Cambridge Dictionnary and Business Dictionnary)

Here: The available options can include preconisations proposed by scientists and designers

Practitioner: A person actively engaged in an art, discipline, or profession (Oxford Dictionnary)

Here : A person who uses in “real life” wildlife monitoring and management actions, sometimes proposed by designers conclusions and decided by decision-makers beforehand

Joint ONCFS / CNRS students

ONCFS-CNRScollabora@on

practitioners

designers

researchers

M. Guinot-Ghestem E. Marboutin PY Quenette C. Duchamp

J. Louvrier

L. Marescot

B. Piédallu L. Blanc

S. Cubaynes V. Gervasi

researchers

Gimenez Lebreton

Pradel

Choquet

+ colleagues

Science-managementgap•  Lab work <−> On site actions: designers missing

•  Researchers not present where decisions taken

•  Researchers/practitioners: evaluation criteria differ •  Researchers/practitioners: changing habits costly

Objec@ves

-  Case studies of beneficial collaborations

-  Identify causes of success

-  Perspectives for ONCFS-CNRS

-  Disclaimer: a testimony, nothing more

•  Typical example of human-wildlife conflict

•  Network of observers all over the country

•  Map its range, and assess its dynamics

WolfrangedynamicsinFrance

Louvrier, J., C. Duchamp, E. Marboutin, S. Cubaynes, R. Choquet, C. Miquel & O. Gimenez (2016). Mapping and explaining wolf recolonization in France using dynamic occupancy models and opportunistic data. Ecography. In revision.

•  Re-construct a posteriori sampling effort

•  Use space-time information on the observers

Themaledic@onofopportunis@cdata

•  Dealing with species detectability < 1

•  Build maps of occupancy (area occupied)

Occupancyasatoolformanagement

•  Typical example of human-wildlife conflict

•  How to account for the human dimension?

•  Map attitudes, assess spatial heterogeneity

PublicaItudestowardsbrownbear

Piédallu, B., Quenette, P.-Y., Mounet, C., Lescureux, N., Borelli-Massines, M., Dubarry, E., Camarra, J.-J. & Gimenez, O. (2016). Spatial variation in public attitudes towards brown bears in the French Pyrénées. Biological Conservation. 197: 90–97.

•  3000 questionnaires sent by mail (16% return rate)

Exhaus@ngfieldwork

•  3000 questionnaires sent by mail (16% return rate)

Exhaus@ngfieldwork

•  3000 questionnaires sent by mail (16% return rate)

BougezavecLaPoste!

Opinion on bear presence

Spa@alheterogeneityinaItudes

Age x county (département) effect

+

-

+

-

What’sinitforCNRS?

• Real world interdisciplinary questions

• Methodological challenges •  Long-term monitoring

•  Large carnivores expertise

What’sinitforstudents?

•  Applied questions with a feeling of being somehow useful

•  Academic skills • Research in population ecology in a

sensitive context

Provoked howls

What’sinitformanagement?

• Wolf/Bear National Action Plans

•  Favorable conservation status

• Damage compensation, non-lethal control

• Wolf: Lethal control •  Bear: Social acceptability

What’sinitforONCFS?

•  Extract biological info. from monitoring

•  External expertise in statistical ecology and social sciences

•  Inform decision-making

Whydoesitwork?Remindourpreviousdia:«Science-managementgap»

•  Lab work <−> On site actions: designers missing

•  Researchers not present where decisions taken

•  Researchers/practitioners: evaluation criteria differ •  Researchers/practitioners: changing habits costly

Whydoesitwork?Remindourpreviousdia:«Science-managementgap

•  Lab work <−> On site actions: designers missing •  Researchers not present where decisions taken Links between

field work <-> research <-> development <-> decisions •  Researchers/practitioners: evaluation criteria differ Mutual benefits, even for diverse goals •  Researchers/practitioners: changing habits costly

Public institutes, experimentation sites

Whydoesitwork?Evenmorereasons!•  Good students •  Trust, trust and trust / Time

•  Common backgrounds

•  International partnerships: possible exchanges of researchers, practitioners, students, datasets…

•  Other successful partnerships between ONCFS and CNRS/Universities (LBBE, LECA) and other research institutes (INRA, IRSTEA)

Whatdoesn’tworkandwhy?

Whatdoesn’tworkandwhy?

ü  Different time scales: fast / slow ü  For extrem. threatened biodiv., science is too late

•  Disciplines to be mobilized are very few •  Required management actions already known

ü  For conflict situations, science as a way-out

Howtogoevenfurther?

Howtogoevenfurther?

ü  Joint seminars/meetings for exchanges, esp. among PhDs

Howtogoevenfurther?

ü  Joint seminars/meetings for exchanges, esp. among PhDs ü  CNRS scientists on sabbatical in ONCFS units?

Howtogoevenfurther?

ü  Joint seminars/meetings for exchanges, esp. among PhDs ü  CNRS scientists on sabbatical in ONCFS units?

ü  ONCFS member of University-CNRS-INRA mixed units?

Howtogoevenfurther?

ü  Joint seminars/meetings for exchanges, esp. among PhDs ü  CNRS scientists on sabbatical in ONCFS units?

ü  ONCFS member of University-CNRS-INRA mixed units?

Cooperative Research Units in the USA

Conservation and management of large carnivores in France:

A beneficial collaboration between ONCFS practitioners

and CNRS researchers

MurielleGuinot-Ghestem,EricMarbou,n,ChristopheDuchamp,Pierre-YvesQuene;e,Lae,,aBlanc,SarahCubaynes,JulieLouvrier,LucileMarescot,BlaisePiédallu,OlivierGimenez