Post on 28-Feb-2021
James R. Lenz
Bristol Compressor International
Som Shrestha
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
For AHRI Alternative Refrigerants Evaluation Program (AREP)
January 21, 2016
Compressor Calorimeter Test of R-410A Alternatives
L41-1, DR-5A, ARM-71a, D2Y-60 and R-32 in Air Conditioners
REFRIGERANTS TESTED
Low-GWP R-410A Alternatives
Compositon GWP100
(AR4)Glide
at 45 ⁰FR-32 R-125 R-1234yf R-1234ze R-600
R-410A 50% 50% 2088 0.2 ⁰F
R-32 100% 675 0 ⁰F
L41-1 68% 29% 3% 461 8.4 ⁰F Honeywell
DR-5A 68.9% 31.1% 466 2.9 ⁰F Chemours
ARM-71a 68% 26% 6% 482 3.5 ⁰F Arkema
D2Y-60 40% 60% 272 8.6 ⁰F Daikin
GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIAL
Low-GWP R-410A Alternatives
CALORIMETER
36,000 BTU/hr Capacity
Secondary Refrigerant Type
Mass Flow Meter Confirming
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
ACCURACY OF TEST INSTRUMENTS
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Instrument Measured Parameter MeasurementRange
Accuracy
RTD’s (tolerance class A) Temperature -58 ⁰F to 572 ⁰F ±0.40 ⁰F
Micro Motion Elite CMF025 Coriolis Mass Flow Meter
Refrigerant mass flow 25 lbm/min 0.10%
Honeywell Pressure Transmitter 060-F444-02 High side refrigerant pressure 750 psi 0.25% F.S.
Omega Pressure Transmitter 060-F409-250-AI Low side refrigerant pressure 250 psi 0.08% B.S.L
Yokogawa Power and Energy Meter PR300 Compressor power 26000 watts 0.50% F.S.
Yokogawa Power and Energy Meter PR300 Compressor capacity 7500 watts 0.50% F.S.
TEST STANDARDS AND CONDITIONS
A. Calorimeter tests performed according to ANSI/ASHRAE 23.1-2010
B. Rating Conditions taken from ANSI/AHRI 540-2004
C. SuperheatA. Compressor suction gas temperature - evaporator dew point temperature
B. = 20 ⁰F
D. SubcoolingA. Liquid temperature into expansion device - bubble point at condenser
pressure
B. = 15 ⁰F
E. Compressor rating pointA. 45 ⁰F evaporator dew point temperature
B. 130 ⁰F condenser dew point temperature
LOW-GWP R-410A ALTERNATIVES
A. All data is calorimeter data taken at Oak Ridge National Laboratory on an H84B223ABCA compressor
B. Motor was not optimized for alternative refrigerants, EER could be improved.
C. Valves not optimized for alternative refrigerants.
D. Oil used with R-410A was the production ISO 32 POE
E. Oil used with alternative refrigerants was an ISO 68 advanced POE with a higher viscosity designed for R-32 and refrigerant blends with a high percentage of R-32. May need optimizing.
F. Lower compressor EER does not necessarily mean lower system EER.
Notes
TEST COMPRESSOR
Bristol 2-Ton Air Conditioning Compressor
Model Number H84B223ABC
Capacity 22,220 BTU/hr @ AHRI 45/130 Rating Point
Motor Input 2150 watts
EER 10.3 BTU/W-hr
RLA 9.5 amps
Displacement 1.862 cu.in/rev
Voltage 230/208-1-60hz
Oil 32BCE (an ISO 32 POE)
SUMMARY
Capacity Comparison
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
50/110 F 30/110 F
CA
PAC
ITY
–B
TU/h
r
CONDITION
R-410A
R-32
L41-1
DR-5A
ARM-71a
D2Y-60
SUMMARY
EER Comparison
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
50/110 30/110
EER
-B
TU/W
-hr
CONDITION
R-410A
R-32
L41-1
DR-5A
ARM-71a
D2Y-60
SUMMARY
Discharge Gas Temperature Comparison
0
50
100
150
200
250
50/110 30/110
DIS
CH
AR
GE
GA
S TE
MP
ERA
TUR
E -⁰F
CONDITION
R-410A
R-32
L41-1
DR-5A
ARM-71a
D2Y-60
R-410A ALTERNATIVES
1. Cooling and Heating Capacity1. R-32 gives the largest capacity
2. Other blends are slightly lower
2. Cooling Mode EER’s1. Very little difference, ARM-71a and DR-5A are very close to R-410A
3. Discharge gas temperatures1. Highest with R-32
2. L-41-1, DR-5A and ARM-71a are slightly higher
Summary
Questions ?
Extra Slides Detailed Comparisons
R-32
Capacity Relative to R-410A
0.80
0.90
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
1.50
1.60
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
REL
CA
PAC
ITY
: R-3
2 /
4-4
10
A
EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F
90 ⁰F Cond
110 ⁰F Cond
130 ⁰F Cond
150 ⁰F Cond
R-32
EER Relative to R-410A
0.80
0.85
0.90
0.95
1.00
1.05
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
REL
EER
: R-3
2/R
-41
0A
EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F
90 ⁰F Cond
110 ⁰F Cond
130 ⁰F Cond
150 ⁰F Cond
R-32
Discharge Temperature Relative to R-410A
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
DIS
CH
AR
GE
GA
S TE
MP
DIF
F -
⁰F
EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F
90 ⁰F Cond
110 ⁰F Cond
130 ⁰F Cond
150 ⁰F Cond
R-410A ALTERNATIVES
Positive• 7%+ gain in capacity
• Low Cost
• No Glide
Negative• Higher GWP > 500
• Higher discharge temperatures
R-32 Pros and Cons
L41-1
Capacity Relative to R-410A
0.60
0.65
0.70
0.75
0.80
0.85
0.90
0.95
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
REL
CA
PAC
ITY:
L4
1-1
/ R
-41
0A
EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F
90 ⁰F Cond
110 ⁰F Cond
130 ⁰F Cond
150 ⁰F Cond
L41-1
EER Relative to R-410A
0.75
0.80
0.85
0.90
0.95
1.00
1.05
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
REL
EER
: L4
1-1
/ R
-41
0A
EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F
90 ⁰F Cond
110 ⁰F Cond
130 ⁰F Cond
150 ⁰F Cond
L41-1
Discharge Temperature Relative to R-410A
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
DIS
CH
AR
GE
GA
S TE
MP
DIF
F -
⁰F
EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F
90 ⁰F Cond
110 ⁰F Cond
130 ⁰F Cond
150 ⁰F Cond
R-410A ALTERNATIVES
Positives• Low GWP < 500
• Discharge pressures and temperatures are only slightly higher than with R-410A
Negatives• Capacity is low requiring a ~15% larger displacement compressor
• EER’s slightly lower.
• Glide = 8 ⁰F
Summary of L41-1 compared to R-410A
DR-5A
Capacity Relative to R-410A
0.88
0.90
0.92
0.94
0.96
0.98
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
REL
CA
PAC
ITY:
DR
-5A
/ R
-41
0A
EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F
90 ⁰F Cond
110 ⁰F Cond
130 ⁰F Cond
150 ⁰F Cond
DR-5A
EER Relative to R-410A
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.97
0.98
0.99
1.00
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
REL
ATI
VE
EER
: DR
-5A
/ R
-41
0A
EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F
90 ⁰F Cond
110 ⁰F Cond
130 ⁰F Cond
150 ⁰F Cond
DR-5A
Discharge Temperature Relative to R-410A
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
DIS
CH
AR
GE
GA
S TE
MP
DIF
F -
⁰F
EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F
90 ⁰F Cond
110 ⁰F Cond
130 ⁰F Cond
150 ⁰F Cond
R-410A ALTERNATIVES
Positives• Good drop-in replacement for R-410A
• Capacity about the same
• EER about the same
• Low GWP < 500
• Discharge pressures and temperatures are only slightly higher than with R-410A
Negatives• Glide = 3 ⁰F
Summary of DR-5A compared to R-410A
ARM-71a
Capacity Relative to R-410A
0.80
0.82
0.84
0.86
0.88
0.90
0.92
0.94
0.96
0.98
1.00
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
REL
CA
PAC
ITY:
AR
M-7
1a/
R-4
10
A
EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F
90 ⁰F Cond
110 ⁰F Cond
130 ⁰F Cond
150 ⁰F Cond
ARM-71a
EER Relative to R-410A
0.94
0.96
0.98
1.00
1.02
1.04
1.06
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
REL
EER
: AR
M-7
1a/
R-4
10
A
EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F
90 ⁰F Cond
110 ⁰F Cond
130 ⁰F Cond
150 ⁰F Cond
ARM-71A
Discharge Temperature Relative to R-410A
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
DIS
CH
AR
GE
GA
S TE
MP
DIF
F -
⁰F
EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F
90 ⁰F Cond
110 ⁰F Cond
130 ⁰F Cond
150 ⁰F Cond
R-410A ALTERNATIVES
Positives• Good drop-in replacement for R-410A
• Capacity about the same
• EER about the same in cooling mode
• Low GWP < 500
• Discharge pressures and temperatures are only slightly higher than with R-410A
Negatives• Glide = 3.5 ⁰F
Summary of ARM-71a compared to R-410A
D2Y-60
Capacity Relative to R-410A
0.60
0.62
0.64
0.66
0.68
0.70
0.72
0.74
0.76
0.78
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
REL
CA
PAC
ITY:
D2
Y-6
0/R
-41
0A
EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F
90 ⁰F Cond
110 ⁰F Cond
130 ⁰F Cond
150 ⁰F Cond
D2Y-60
EER Relative to R-410A
0.86
0.88
0.90
0.92
0.94
0.96
0.98
1.00
1.02
1.04
1.06
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
REL
EER
: D2
Y-6
0/R
-41
0A
EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F
90 ⁰F Cond
110 ⁰F Cond
130 ⁰F Cond
150 ⁰F Cond
D2Y-60
Discharge Temperature Relative to R-410A
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
DIS
CH
AR
GE
GA
S TE
MP
DIF
F -
⁰F
EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F
90 ⁰F Cond
110 ⁰F Cond
130 ⁰F Cond
150 ⁰F Cond
R-410A ALTERNATIVES
Positives• Lowest GWP of all alternatives < 300
• Lowest discharge pressures and temperatures of all alternatives
Negatives• Significantly lower capacity – will require a larger displacement compressor
• Slightly lower EER
• Glide = 9 ⁰F
Summary of D2Y-60 compared to R-410A
Questions ?
Extra Slides for Possible Oil Discussion
LUBRICANTS FOR R32
Miscibility
• Current POE is miscible with R410A down to -20 C• HATCOL (Chemtura) 32BCE
• Need an “Advanced POE” which is miscibility with R-32 to -20 C• 68 Cst Chemtura formulation with the additives used in current R410A POE
• Advanced POE Molecule is narrow and long and supports more refrigerant before phase separation
Solubility• Need a higher viscosity oil due to higher R32 solubility
• Working viscosity of oil/refrigerant mixture is still higher that with R410A oil blend
• Advanced POE has higher load levels per Falex Pin and Vee Block Test (ASTM D 3233)
Miscibility and Solubility
-60-50-40-30-20-10
0102030405060708090
100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Te
mp
era
ture
(ºC
)
Volume% Lubricant in Refrigerant
Two Phases
Single Phase Single Phase
MISCIBILITY OF “STANDARD” POE WITH R-32
-60-50-40-30-20-10
0102030405060708090
100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Te
mp
era
ture
(ºC
)
Volume% Lubricant in Refrigerant
Single Phase
Two Phases
Two Phases
MISCIBILITY OF “ADVANCED” POE WITH R-32