Colonial Beginnings

Virginia

Maryland

Carolinas

Cause and Effect Chains:British Colonization in the New WorldEnglish Protestantism

Queen Elizabeth I

Spanish Success in the New World

Enclosures

Primogeniture

English Colonial Failures

Economic Depression

Joint Stock Company

Peace with Spain

Virginia - Jamestown Colony 1607

The Trading Post ModelThe Death Trap Syndrome

•Tidal River Explanation:Fecal pollutants

•Swamps: malaria•Summers were the dying time

•The Starving Time•Anglo Powhatan Wars

1610-141622

1644-46The Survivor Show Model

•1500 of 8000 by 1624

The Economic Problems•Younger Son Syndrome•Early economic thrust

Tobacco•John Rolfe, Santo Domingo•Output•1618-30,000 lbs•1627:500,000 lbsIndentured Servitude 3 Schemes 1612, 1616, 1624

Planter Indentured Servant Relationships

Planter• Negative incentives• Use of Force• Don’t work well

Positive incentives• Offered tools• shorter contracts• Very common and

effective

Indentured Servant• 7 Years• No incentive to work

hard

1619 the Year of Change

• The Virginia government model established:

The Virginia House of Burgesses - 1st American Representative government

• Colonial permanency

Boat load of women arrive - • Changing labor scheme:

Shipment of Africans (Dutch traders)

Virginia Social, Political, and Economic Evolution

•Virginians shared a low quality of life prior to 1642•1642 8,000 residents•Enter: Sir William Berkeley•1675- 40,000

Cavalier migration•Royalist immigrants

•Many servant-immigrants ages 15-24

During this period a ruling elite evolved from the Royalist families who controlled Virginia government

Maryland

Catholic EliteAttempted manorial system

Tobacco as a cash crop

Backcountry farmers - ProtestantsGain political superiority

Restoration Colonies

CarolinasSouth CoastalWest Indies linkrice and indigoBarbados slave codeInland North:Virginia farmerstobacco