Respiratory System

CNA 2 OSBN Curriculum

This project was funded $3,000,000 (100% of its total cost) from a grant awarded under the Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training Grants, as implemented by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Employment and Training Administration. Rogue Community College is an equal opportunity employer/program. Auxiliary aids and services, alternate form and language services are available to individuals with disabilities and limited English proficiency free of cost upon request.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

◦The Respiratory Systemhttp://www.medcomrn.com/dev/flash/flvplayer/movie.php?movie=http://ss1.medcomrn.com/flv/78716r_sec02_300k.flv&title=&detectflash=false&detectflash=false

◦Organs of the Respiratory Systemhttp://www.medcomrn.com/dev/flash/flvplayer/movie.php?movie=http://ss1.medcomrn.com/flv/78716r_sec03_300k.flv&title=&detectflash=false&detectflash=false

Overview Anatomy & Physiology

Bacterium infects lungs◦Kidneys◦Bones◦Brain

2 forms◦Inactive◦Active

Annual Screening of Health workers

Tuberculosis

WeaknessProductive CoughFeverNight SweatsWt. LossLoss of Appetite

Observation & Reporting

Treatment: RX x 2 mos.Precautions:

◦HANDWASHING◦Airborne Precautions◦Isolation

Negative Flow Room

◦PPE N95 PAPR Hood

CNA 2 Actions

Episodic inflammation & narrowing airways SOB Chronic

Asthma

WeatherAllergies InfectionsStressSmoke Animals danderExerciseMay have an inhaler or a nebulizer

Triggers

Observation & ReportingWheezingSOBAnxietyChest TightnessLow EnergyCyanosis

STAY CALMPt. can get worse fastReport STAT

CNA 2 Actions

Inflammation of the BronchiAcute

◦Viral◦Bacterial

Chronic◦Irritation

Bronchitis

“Bark-Like” cough◦Non-productive

Coughing EpisodesFeverChest PainRestlessnessMay Progress

Observation & Reporting

Report increasing SOBAdequate PO fluids

◦Thin secretions

CNA 2 Actions

COPD◦Emphysema◦Chronic Bronchitis◦Asthma

Limited Air Flow ◦Obstructed Airways

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

After Repeated Episodes of Bronchitis

Mucus Inflamed Bronchus

Chronic Bronchitis

Smokers morning cough◦Starts dry and hacking◦Progresses to productive

Difficulty BreathingTires Easily

Observation & Reporting

Damaged AirwaysAir trapped O2 & CO2 blockedLess O2

Emphysema

SOB/DyspneaSputum/PusOrthopneaWt. LossBarrel Chest InactivitySkin BreakdownDifficult w/ ADLs

Observation & Reporting

Report Increasing SOB STATUpright PositionsHydrateEmotional SupportReduce Fatigue

◦Cluster ADL’s◦Plan Rest Periods

CNA 2 Actions: COPD

“The Flu”Acute InfectionAt Risk for Complications

◦Young◦Elderly

A VirusEasily Spread

Influenza

PREVENTION!!!!!◦HANDWASHING!!!!!

Alcohol-based sanitizer

◦Cross Contamination Don’t touch your face

Medications◦Decongestants◦Antipyretic◦Analgesic

Treatment

Handwashing

Alcohol Based

Observation & Reporting

HANDWASHING◦Pt.s should also◦So should visitors◦So should Doctors◦ETC…..

Standard PrecautionsReport Changes

CNA 2 Actions

Lung Infection◦Tissue inflamed◦Fluid in alveoli◦Poor gas exchange

Causes:◦Bacteria◦Virus◦Aspiration

Pneumonia

Based on PresentationAntibioticsSupplemental O2

Fluids

Treatment

Observation & Reporting

CNA 2 ActionsHANDWASHINGTissue for sputumReport: SOB/DyspneaO2 as directed

◦DO NOT ADJUST Increase FluidsCluster Activities

Collapsed LungSmall or LargeCauses

◦Hypoventilation◦Airway Obstruction◦Lung Compression◦Post Surgery◦Severe Pneumonia

Atelectasis

S/S may not be presentDyspneaBreathing difficultyChest PainCough

Observation & Reporting

C & DB Post-opTCDB ALL PatientsAmbulate IS every hour

◦ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-O-Zawtb32o

Pulse OximetryReport abnormals

CNA 2 Actions

PneumothoraxAir in Pleural SpaceLung CollapseTraumaSpontaneousTreatment

◦Chest Tubes

Chest tubes

Lewis, Figs. 28-7 & 28-8, pg. 589

Sudden onset Sharp Severe Pain Pain may radiateSOBDyspneaCyanosisUnequal Chest Movement

Observation & Reporting

Report SOB/Dyspnea STAT Reassure Observe

◦Dressing◦Crepitus◦Drainage

Closed Container Amount Color Change

CNA2 Actions

Thrombus to the Lung: Bld/Air/FatRisk Factors

◦Immobilization◦Surgery◦Obesity◦HF◦Pregnancy◦Advancing Age◦Prior Hx◦Major Trauma

Pulmonary Embolism: PE

Increased EffortSOBS&S Hypoxia

◦Confusion/restlessnessProductive CoughEngorged Neck Veins

Observation & Reporting

Prevention:◦Passive/Active ROM◦Ambulation◦TED Hose◦SCDs◦Decrease Popliteal

Space Pressure◦Adequate Fluids

Report Sudden ChangesSTAT

CNA 2 Actions

Adjust O2https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RiolsHuB_GA

Apply and remove delivery device and turn on and off continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or bilevel positive airway (BiPAP) device

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5gH5aIMsQ40

Suction nose Suction oral pharynxhttp://www.medcomrn.com/dev/flash/flvplayer/movie.php?movie=http://ss1.medcomrn.com/flv/m234tb_sec03_300k.flv&title=&detectflash=false

Suctioning (Infant Nose) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hFZ15PSdOSw

Technical Skills

This project was funded $3,000,000 (100% of its total cost) from a grant awarded under the Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training Grants, as implemented by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Employment and Training Administration. Rogue Community College is an equal opportunity employer/program. Auxiliary aids and services, alternate form and language services are available to individuals with disabilities and limited English proficiency free of cost upon request.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.