Clash of Paradigm

Onno W. PurboOnno@indo.net.id

Disclaimer .. I am a trained Engineer, not an

economist, regulator nor a social scientist

I tend to simplify things & may be wrong Some thought may be too extreme Consider this as an on going research

work

Acknowledgment .. Thank you to my friends:

Basuki Suhardiman, Donny BU, Bona, Heru Nugroho, Michael Sunggiardi, Johar Alam, Agustinus Surandar, Judhi Prasetyo, Ase, Agustinus Sutandar, Judith, Didin, Sumaryo, etc ..

Who work hard to help the community.

Main Stream

Basic Assumption Technology Expensive Specialized Skilled

Licensed from Gov’t Invest by Investors Build by Vendor etc Run by Operator For user / customer

Indonesian Telecomm Act Act # 36/1999

Assumed Structured

License Requirement

Licensed? From?

Network Yes Minister

Service Yes Minister

Reseller No, Agreement w/ Operator

-

Implanted Divide .. Operatorsvs. users. Investors vs. users. Haves vs. the have not. one close to regulator vs. common

people. one close to operator vs. common

people. one close to political leaders vs. common

people.

Paradigm Shift? .. Or Clash? Old

Technology Expensive Specialized Skilled

Licensed from Gov’t Invest by Investors Build by Vendor etc Run by Operator For user

Future? …

Technology Cheaper Technology Friendly

From the people People Invest People build Run by People For People

Major Obstacle .. Old paradigm, i.e., only a licensed

operator can run the network. No room for community based

infrastructure; with homebrew equipment, from people, by people, for people.

The bottom line is “money talk”.

Alternate Path ICT4DChaotic Infrastructure

Guerrilla Telco Warfare .. Basic Strategies:

Community Education! Education! knowledge transfer, copyleft.

Go for many small but interconnected networks.

Self-finance, sustainable independent community based telecommunication infrastructure.

Basic Philosophy

Filosofi Dasar

Nor

m, V

alue

Concensus Written Law

Platform

Knowledge Cycle

Surfing

Publish

Packaging Disseminate

Feed Back

Basic Philosophy Consumer Producer Supply Based Demand

Based

Demand Creation

Cost

Impact

Stereotyping Communities

The Typical ICT Technology

CommunityRadio

The Typical ICT Technology

Internet &Computer

Some Real Examples

Community Broadcasting

Source Basuki Suhardiman Basuki@itb.ac.id

Community Radio Network in Indonesia Farmer’s Voice Radio Network

(JRSP) Fishermen’s Voice Radio Net (JRSN) Worker Voice Radio Network Ina’ Community Radio Net (JRKI)

West Java Jakarta

Community Radio Policy Build their Own Radio (FM) Collect money together to

build their radio The Gov has released the

act/regulation no 32 year 2002 for broadcasting Community radio has been included Only 3 channels allocated

Farmer’s Radio Network (JSRP) Start on 1999 Mostly on West Java Region Lead by Mrs. Ida Hidayat (shown in Fig. With Mr.

Dadang owner of Radio Citra Utami FM Cianjur) 600 community radios Using FM radio with

Height of antenna max 30 meter Max power 100 watt ERP Max bandwidth 350 Khz Max 36 Km2 coverage area (6Kmx6Km)

Typical content Information Education Entertainment

Comp. Lab. For Street Children

Source: Donny BU dbu@ictwatch.com

We do more .. Give free talks on Internet in schools Currently 1500+ schools on Internet

24.000+ high schools in Indonesia Mostly Self-Finance

Some support Vocational School Director MoE Investment US$2000-US$4000/school 50 cents/student/month – RoI ~1 Year Movement for WiFi City WAN for School in 5 Cities.

We are looking at million Indonesian Future Generation ICT Literate Self-Finance

Community Based WiFi + VoIP Infrastructure

Simple Impact Assessment

Gov’t Communities

CyberCafe Few (?) 2000+

WiFi nodes 50+ (?) 2500+

ISP 1 (?) 120+

Internet Users

(?) 4-5 millions

Schools 1500+ 1500+